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Week 2 Philosophy

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23 views19 pages

Week 2 Philosophy

Uploaded by

ashleyvxx.8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION TO

PHILOSOPHY OF
THE HUMAN
PERSON
Mr. Jack Danniel B. Abon
◦ Content Standard: The learners demonstrate
understanding of the meaning and process of
doing philosophy in order to come up a
meaningful, written reflection of their own
philosophical understanding and experience.

◦ Objective: Compose a philosophical reflection


on a concrete situation from a holistic
perspective that showing relevant and related
social issue.
Lesson 3:

Methods of Philosophy
Do you believe that everyone
has the capacity to
philosophize?

Are you a good philosopher


in your own community?
Methods of Philosophy
1. What methods are you going to apply in knowing the
truth?
2. If God knows what you will do tomorrow, do you still
have freewill (kalooban)?
3. Are you the same person you were ten years ago?
◦Group 1: Socratic Method
◦Group 2: Dialectical Method
◦Group 3: Scientific Method
◦Group 4 and 5: Historical Method
Socratic Method
◦ Socrates – a Greek philosopher, introduced the Socratic method the
“ELANCHUS: to inquire or examine.
Example: Asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking

Basic Principle
1. Take a claim and find other beliefs the person holds that contradict it.
2. Indicate how varying beliefs caused a contradiction
3. Eliminate negative hypotheses in the process

Process:
Ask ------ Find select------Use examples-----Reject-----Ask again
Dialectical Method
◦ G.W.F. Hegel a 19th philosopher introduced the term
“Dialectic” in Greek “DIALEKTIKE” meaning “The art of
conversation”
◦ It is a method of argument or exposition that contradictory
facts or ideas with a view to the resolution of the
contradictions.
◦ Examples: Personal and Shared Conceptions
◦ Process:
Asks------Clarify-----Disagree-----Justify-----Choose
Scientific Method
◦ Francis Bacon – the father of English essay was the first
formalize the concept of a truly scientific method.
◦ Science in Latin “Scientia” meaning to produce knowledge
◦ Process of determining truth or knowledge through
experiment that is used to explore observation and answer
questions
◦ Process
Observation ----- Ask questions -----Form hypothesis ---- Test
------Analyze the Data and Conclusion
Historical Method
◦ It came from Greek word “iotopia” meaning to investigate
or to find out.
◦ Reviewing what has been done in the past to come up with
the present truths.
◦ Primary Sources – consists of original documents,
artifacts, and information
◦ Secondary Sources – contain useful information, but
typically involve analysis or primary source material.
◦ Process
Talk --------- Review-------- Examine------ Formulate/develop
◦ Content Standard: The learners demonstrate
understanding of the meaning and process of
doing philosophy in order to come up a
meaningful, written reflection of their own
philosophical understanding and experience.

◦ Objective: Distinguish opinion from truth by


reading different articles and newspaper to
foster their deep understanding.
LESSON 4:
The mind is
always after the
truth
◦How you value the truth?
◦What is the nature of Truth? And
◦What is the reliability of
Opinion?
◦How would you determine if your
belief are true?
◦How we can distinguish the
two?
◦TRUTH – The correspondence of
something with and in reality. It is
supported by elements called
“facts” when you say that
something is factual, it is based on
reality, based on evidence and
cannot be disproved.
◦OPINION – there are statements
that may either be true but may not
be necessarily valid but may be
valid but not necessarily be true. An
opinion may differ form one person
to another. The truthfulness of an
opinion is not put into questions
since it may differ from time to time
and situation to situation.
DIFFERENT THEORIES OF
TRUTH
◦ Corresponding Theory of Truth – based on
facts/truths

◦ Coherence Theory of Truth – it is part of a larger


system of complex ideas.

◦ Pragmatic Theory of Truth – belief or statements


on something “if it is true”
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
◦ How will you characterize the nature of
truth based on the theories of truth?
◦ If you could choose to resolve a
problem, which problem would it be and
why?

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