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Programmable Interval Timer-8254

The 8254 Programmable Interval Timer can be used to generate clock signals of different frequencies, delays of different durations, and strobe signals after certain intervals. It has 3 16-bit counters that can be individually programmed to 6 different operating modes via an 8-bit mode register. The modes include interrupt on terminal count, hardware retriggerable one-shot, rate generator, square wave generator, software triggered strobe, and hardware triggered strobe. The timer can implement timing functions using a hardware, software, or combined approach.

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76 views14 pages

Programmable Interval Timer-8254

The 8254 Programmable Interval Timer can be used to generate clock signals of different frequencies, delays of different durations, and strobe signals after certain intervals. It has 3 16-bit counters that can be individually programmed to 6 different operating modes via an 8-bit mode register. The modes include interrupt on terminal count, hardware retriggerable one-shot, rate generator, square wave generator, software triggered strobe, and hardware triggered strobe. The timer can implement timing functions using a hardware, software, or combined approach.

Uploaded by

sirisha_cse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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8254

Programmable interval timer


Operation Modes
What 8254 does…
• Programmable interval Timer (8254,8253) is used for
generating clock signals of different frequency, Delays of
different duration and strobe signals after certain interval

• Applications:
Real time clock
Event counter
Square wave generator
Complex waveform generator
Implementation of 8254:

• The PIT signals can be generated using a Hardware or a


software or a combined (software + hardware) approach.
• Limitations of hardware implementation:

Clock frequency is fixed and we have to change the entire IC


to change the freq.
Limitations of software implementation:
In a situation where the CPU is generating a delay by running
a loop, a strobe of any other signal can’t be issued.
Therefore a combined approach is used
Block diagram:
A0 A1 Selection
0 0 Counter 0
0 1 Counter 1
1 0 Counter 2
1 0 Mode Reg.

Mode register or Control register:

SC1 SC2 RW1 RW0 M1 M2 M0 BCD SC- Select counter


M- mode
RW- Read/Write

0 0 Select counter 0 0 0 0 Mode 0


0 1 Select counter 1 0 0 1 Mode 1
1 0 Select counter 2 X 1 0 Mode 2
1 1 Readback command X 1 1 Mode 3
1 0 0 Mode 4
1 0 1 Mode 5
RW1 RW2
0 0 Counter latch BCD
0 1 Read/write LSB only 0 Binary counter 16-bits
1 0 Read/write MSB only 1 BCD counter(decade counter)
1 1 Read/write LSB first then
MSB
• The PIT has 3 programmable 16 bit counters (registers) and
an 8-bit mode register.
• Each of the three counters are fully user programmable to
any of the following six different modes of operation via the
mode register
Mode 0: Interrupt on terminal count condition
Mode 1: Hardware retriggerable one-shot
Mode 2: Rate generator
Mode 3: Square wave mode (frequency divider)
Mode 4: Software Triggered Strobe
Mode 5: Hardware Triggered Strobe (retriggerable)
MODE 0: INTERRUPT ON TERMINAL COUNT-Interrupt After Delay(Application)

CONTROL
SC0 SC1 R/W R/W 0 0 0 BCD
REGISTER
MODE 1: HARDWARE RETRIGGERABLE

CONTROL
SC0 SC1 R/W R/W 0 0 1 BCD
REGISTER
MODE 2: RATE GENERATOR-Generate Strobe signal

CONTROL
SC0 SC1 R/W R/W x 1 0 BCD
REGISTER
MODE 3: SQUARE WAVE RATE GENERATOR

CONTROL
SC0 SC1 R/W R/W x 1 1 BCD
REGISTER
MODE 4: SOFTWARE TRIGGERED STROBE-Single Strobe Generator-Trigger is
obtained from Write Operation
CONTROL
SC0 SC1 R/W R/W 1 0 0 BCD
REGISTER
MODE 5: HARDWARE TRIGGERED STROBE-gate is used for trigger

CONTROL
SC0 SC1 R/W R/W 1 0 1 BCD
REGISTER
fin.

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