Constant

A constant is a data item whose value cannot change during the

program's execution.
Ex: PI=3.14
GRAVITY = 9.8
In Pseudocode, keywords are written in
uppercase, variables in lowercase and messages in
sentence case. INPUT asks a question. PRINT or
OUTPUT prints a message on screen.
Rules and Naming Convention for
Variables :

• Constant and variable names should have a

combination of letters in lowercase (a to z) or
uppercase (A to Z) or digits (0 to 9) or an underscore
(_).
• To create a variable name having two words, use
underscore to separate them.
• Preferably use capital letters to declare a constant.
• Never use special symbols like !, @, #, $, %, etc.
• Don’t start a variable name with a digit.
Question time
Which of the following
is the appropriate
variable or constant
name

•9studname
•stud_details
•car model
•%student
•employee@name
•PI
•GRAVITY
 Data Types
Data Type is nothing but a categorization of data of different types. A data type
defines set of values along with operations that can be performed on those
values.
The following table shows data types with examples:

Types of data In Pseudocode In Python Examples

Integers INTEGER int 12, -999, 0, 900000, etc

Real Numbers REAL float 4.5, 0.0003, -90.5, 3.0; etc

Characters STRING str 'hello', "100", "$$$", ""; etc

Boolean BOOLEAN bool True , false

Any type of value can be assigned to any valid variable.
a=5
b = 3.2
c = "Hello"
https://www.101computing.net/data-types-quiz
HW

Basic programming
Worksheet 2
The pseudocode for an
assignment statement
 A value is assigned to an item/variable using the ¨ operator.
The variable on the left of the ¨ is assigned the value of the
expression on the right. The expression on the right can be a
single value or several values combined with any of the
following mathematical operators.
Mathematical Operators in pseudocode
Comparison operators in Pseudocode
Operators in Python
Arithmetic Operators: there are 7 arithmetic operator supported in python.

Op Operator Description Example Output

+ Addition Adds the operands >>>print(a+b) 300
- Subtraction Subtracts the operands >>>print(a-b) -100
* Multiplication Multiplies the operands >>>print(a*b) 20000
/ Division Divides operands gives the quotient >>>print(17/3) 5.666666666666667
and result is always float. >>>print(12/5.0) 2.4
>>>print(9/4) 2.25
% Modulo or Remainder after division >>>print(5%3) 2
Remainder >>>print(5.0%3) 2.0
>>>print(5.5%3) 2.5
// Floor Division After division quotient is adjusted >>>print(13//5) 2
to the integer less than or equal to >>>print(13.0//5.0) 2.0
result. For float division it returns >>>print(-19//5) -4
result in float. and for integer >>>print(-20/3.0) -7.0
operands it return integer output.

** Exponential or It returns X y where x, y are >>>print(10**3) 103=1000

power operands >>>print(10**-2) 10-2=0.01

Note : let a= 100 and b=200 for the above examples

Equality & Relational Operators : relational operators also called comparison operators are used to
compare two operands and determine the relation between them. Always return Boolean result.

Op Operator Description Examples Output

== Equality Return True if two operands are exactly equal. >>>10==True False
Compatible types are compared if we have same >>>False==False True
value, it returns True. >>>’lbrce’==’lbrce’ True
>>>10==20==30 False
>>>10==5+5==3+7 True
>>>’a’==97 False
>>>(10+2j)== (10+2j) True
>>>10==10.0 True
>>>1==True True

!= Not Equal Return True if two operands are not equal. >>>print(a!=b) True

> Greater than Return True if ‘a’ is more than ‘b’ where ‘a’ is >>>print(a>b) False
left and ‘b’ is right operand.

< Less than Return True if ‘a’ is less than ‘b’ where ‘a’ is left >>>print(a<b) True
and ‘b’ is right operands.

>= Greater than or Return True if ‘a’ is more than or equal to ‘b’ >>>print(a>=b) False
equal to where ‘a’ is left and ‘b’ is right operands.

<= Less than or Return True if ‘a’ is less than or equal to ‘b’ >>>print(a<=b) True
equal to where ‘a’ is left and ‘b’ is right operands.

Note : a=10 , b=20 for the above table

HW : complete the notes .

Basic Programming Worksheet 3