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Average Speed

The document discusses maps and scales. It defines scale as a ratio that represents the relationship between distances on a map and the actual distances on the ground. It provides examples of writing scales as ratios and using scales to calculate actual distances from map distances and vice versa. It also discusses velocity-time graphs and how they can be used to calculate distance, speed, acceleration and time from the graph. Practice questions with solutions are provided to illustrate these concepts.

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Carlton Jackson
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34 views44 pages

Average Speed

The document discusses maps and scales. It defines scale as a ratio that represents the relationship between distances on a map and the actual distances on the ground. It provides examples of writing scales as ratios and using scales to calculate actual distances from map distances and vice versa. It also discusses velocity-time graphs and how they can be used to calculate distance, speed, acceleration and time from the graph. Practice questions with solutions are provided to illustrate these concepts.

Uploaded by

Carlton Jackson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEASUREMENT

MAP RATIO, AVERAGE SPEED


Created by Miss K. Page
Maps and
Scales
Scale Drawings

 A map cannot be of the same size as the area it represents. So, the

measurements are scaled down to make the map of a size that can be

conveniently used by users such as motorists, cyclists and bushwalkers.

 A scale drawing of a building (or bridge) has the same shape as the real

building (or bridge) that it represents but a different size. Builders use scaled

drawings to make buildings and bridges.


Map Ratio

 A ratio is used in scale drawings of maps and buildings. That is:

 Likewise, we have:

 A scale is usually expressed in one of two ways:


a. using units as in 1 cm to 1 km
b. As a ratio 1: 100 000.
Map Ratio

 When a scale is expressed as a ratio it is written in the form 1:n, where 1


cm on the map represents ‘n’ cm on the ground.
 Note:

 A scale of 1: 100 000 means that the real distance is 100 000 times the length
of 1 unit on the map or drawing. In other words, 1 cm on the map represent
100 000 cm on the ground.
Map Ratio

 Example 1  Example 2
 Write the scale 1 cm to 1 m in  Simplify the scale 5 mm: 1 m.
ratio form  Solution
 Solution
Practice Exercise 1

 1. Change the following scales into ratio form.


 (a)1 cm represents 10 km (c) 5 cm represents 250 km
 (b) 1 cm = 425 m (d) 10 cm = 19 km

2. Find the distance represented by 1 cm on a map if the scale was written as:
 (a)1: 100 (c) 1: 1400
 (b)1: 70 000 (d) 1: 8 000 000.

3. The distance on a map between two towns G and H is 4cm. The actual distance GH is
16km. Calculate, in the form 1: n, the scale used to draw the map.
Calculating the Actual Distance using the Scale

 If the scale is 1: x, then multiply the map distance by x to calculate the


actual distance.
 Example
 A particular map shows a scale of 1: 5000. What is the actual distance if the
map distance is 8 cm?
 Solution

 Actual distance = 8cm x 5000 = 40 000cm


 40 000cm = 400m
Example 2

 A map is drawn to the scale 1: 4 000 000. What is the actual distance, in km,
of two towns that are 7cm apart on the map?
 Solution
 Map distance : Actual distance = 1: 4 000 000
 Map distance = 7cm
 Actual distance = 7 cm x 4 000 000
 = 28 000 000 cm
 Actual distance = km
 = 280 km
Calculating the Scaled Distance using the Actual
Distance

 If the scale is 1: x, then divide the actual distance by x to calculate the map distance.
 Example
 A particular map shows a scale of 1: 500 000. What would the map distance (in cm) be
if the actual distance is 14 km?
 Solution
 Scale = 1: 500 000
 Actual distance = 14 km (convert to cm)
 = 1 400 000 cm
 Map Distance =
 =
 = 2.8
 So, the map distance is 2.8 cm.
Solution
Practice Exercise 2
1. A scale of 1:200 000 is used to draw the map of Jamaica.
(a)The distance on the map between Kingston and Spanish Town is 12cm. What
is the actual distance, in kilometers?
(b) The distance on the map between Mandeville and Lucea is 66.5 cm. What is
the actual distance, in kilometers?
(c)The distance from Kingston to Savanna la Mar is 120 km. How far apart are
they on the map?
Question 2
Question
AVERAGE SPEED
Question

 Solution
 (i) Distance Travelled = 1083 – 957
= 126 km
 (ii) Avg. Speed =
 Time = 9:07 – 8:55 = 12 mins
 = h or 0.2h
 Avg. Speed = = 630 km/h
 Avg. Speed =

Solution  Avg. Speed =


 = 5 m/s
 Avg. Speed =

Solution  Avg. Speed =


 = 21.25 m/s
 Avg. Speed =
 Distance = Avg. Speed x Time Taken
Solution  = 100km/h x 6 h
 = 600 km
Velocity-Time Graphs/ Speed-Time
Graphs
 A velocity-time graph has the velocity or speed of an object on the vertical
axis and time on the horizontal axis.

 The distance travelled can be calculated by finding the area under a velocity-
time graph.

 Acceleration is the gradient of a velocity-time graph.


Question
Solution

 (i) Acceleration =  (iii) Time to stop =


 a = 25m/s ÷ 20 s  = = 16 sec
 a = 1.25 m/ 

 (ii) S = D ÷ T
 Distance for Stage B = Area of
Triangle + Area of rectangle
 D = ½(25 x 20) + (15 x 20)
 D = 250m + 300m = 550m
 S = 550m ÷ 20 s= 27.5m/s

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