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 L E T ' S TA L K A B O U T

THE
INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
RAMBOLAN
TAYO!!
RAMBOLAN TAYO!!

SINK
DIMERS
MISERDIEP
OPERDISMRHY
 RAMBOLAN TAYO!!

SINK SKIN
DIMERS DERMIS
MISERDIEP EPIDER
OPERDISMRHY
HYPODER
MIS
MIS
Topic Outline
• Definition
• Stuctures of Integumentary System
• Function of Integumentary System
• Classification of Integumentary System
• Skin Conditions/Disorder
• How to Prevent them

TODAY'S
DISCUSSION
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
• Integument means covering
• The largest organ of the body that forms a physical barrier
• Protects your body from bacteria, infection, injury and sunlight.
• Covers the outside of the body and is easily observed.
• Integumentary System consists of a few main structures;
⚬ skin, nails, hair and glands, along with the nerves and blood vessels that support them
 MAIN STRUCTURES OF THE
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
• Skin: The integumentary system's primary component is the skin, which serves as the body's
outer covering. It consists of multiple layers, each with distinct functions.
• Hair: Hair is an appendage of the skin that provides insulation, protection, and sensory functions.
• Nails: Nails protect the tips of our fingers and toes and assist with fine motor tasks.
• Sweat Glands: Sweat glands produce sweat to regulate body temperature and excrete waste
products.
• Sebaceous Glands: Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, an oily substance that moisturizes and
protects the skin and hair.
SKIN
The largest and heaviest organ in your body
Weighs about six pounds
Approximately 2 millimeters thick-thinner
Nearly 19 million cells
It has 3 layers
EPIDERMI
S
•
•
•
•
The top layer of our skin
Touch and see
Imparts skin colors and provides a waterproof barrier
Made up of 3 types of cells: Epidermis
⚬ Melanocytes protect skin by absorbing and
dissipating UV radiation.
⚬ Keratinocytes play critical roles in wound repair
not only as structural cells but also as exerting
important immune functions
⚬ Langerhans detect and deliver immunological T
cell antigens.
 FIVE DISTINCT LAYERS OF
EPIDERMIS
STRATUM CORNEUM
⚬outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of
dead skin cells known as keratinocytes.
⚬acts as a tough, protective barrier, preventing
moisture loss and fending off external threats. STRATUM LUCIDUM
⚬thick skin, like the soles of the feet
and palms of the hands.
⚬composed of translucent cells that
STRATUM GRANULOSUM
provide additional protection.
⚬the layer where cells begin to lose their
nuclei and flatten.
STRATUM SPINOSUM
⚬plays a crucial role in creating a
⚬lies above the basal layer.
waterproof barrier.
⚬connected by spine-like projections,
STRATUM BASALE which provide strength and stability to
⚬the basal layer, is the deepest layer of the the epidermis.
epidermis.
⚬It contains cells called basal cells, which
continuously divide to replace old skin cells.
DERMIS
• The dermis is a critical layer of our skin,
lying just beneath the outermost layer, the
epidermis. Epidermis
• It plays a central role in maintaining skin
health and functionality.
• Composed of dense connective tissue rich
in collagen and elastic fibers. Dermis
• Divided into two sublayers: the papillary
dermis and the reticular dermis.
TWO SUBLAYERS OF
DERMIS
PAPILLARY DERMIS RETICULAR DERMIS
• the upper layer of the dermis, directly • the deeper layer of the dermis.
beneath the epidermis. • contains a dense network of
• consists of loose connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers,
finger-like projections called dermal providing strength, elasticity, and
papillae. support to the skin.
• Dermal papillae house tiny blood vessels • hosts sweat glands, hair follicles,
and nerve endings, contributing to sebaceous glands, and deeper blood
sensation and nourishment of the vessels.
HYPODERMIS
• The subcutaneous tissue or subcutis, is a
layer of tissue located beneath the dermis.
• Plays a crucial role in supporting the skin Epidermis
and the body.
• The hypodermis primarily consists of
adipose tissue (fat cells) and connective
tissue.
Dermis
• Blood vessels, nerves, and some structures
like hair follicles and sweat glands extend
into this layer.
Hypodermis
 NAILS
• Act as protective shields for the fingertips and toes.
• They help prevent injuries and trauma to the sensitive fingertip
tissues.
• The hardness and durability of nails make them effective at
safeguarding the underlying tissues.
THE ANATOMY OF OUR NAILS
CONSIST OF:
• Nail plate: The hard part of your nail you can see.
• Nail bed: The skin under your nail plate.
• Cuticle: The thin skin at the base of your nail plate.
• Matrix: The “root” of your nail responsible for making it grow.
• Lunula: The white, moon-shaped part of your nail plate.
HAIR
• The primary functions of hair is to provide protection to
the body.
• Helps protect the eyes and face from dust, debris, and
sweat.
• Scalp hair also provides insulation and helps regulate
body temperature by preventing heat loss.
• Made of a protein called keratin
THREE PARTS OF HAIR
• Hair shaft: The part of your hair you can see, touch, and style.
• Hair follicle: The tube-like structure that keeps your hair in your skin.
• Hair bulb: Located under your skin and responsible for hair growth.

Intergumentary system causes goosebumps. We all have hair erector muscles

and skin-hair follicle connections. When it contracts, hair stands up. These
small muscles contract to form “goosebumps”.
GLANDS
• found throughout your skin
• release materials like water, salt or oil
from under your skin to the surface of
your skin
• are responsible for regulating body
temperature and producing sweat for
cooling and other purposes.
 FOUR TYPES OF GLANDS
• Your skin secretes perspiration from
sudoriferous glands. Eccrine and apocrine
sweat glands exist. Eccrine glands are
everywhere and open to pores, whereas
Apocrine glands open to hair follicles.
• These glands create sebum, which gives your
face its oil.
• Ear wax is produced by ceruminous glands.
• Mammary glands: Chest glands. AFAB
women's mammary glands produce milk
 PURPOSE OF THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
Protects you from external infections and damage. It's your body's initial defense against viruses, bacteria,
and other organisms. It protects you from dangerous light and regulates body temperature. Your
integumentary system stores fat, water, glucose, and vitamin D and supports your immune system.

⚬Physically protects against pathogens.

⚬Contains and heals abrasions, cuts, and other injuries.
⚬Cushions and prevents infection.
⚬Protects against UV radiation and sunburn.
⚬Sebum, perspiration, and garbage are excreted.
⚬Controls body temperature and keeps you cool.
⚬Heats, cools, and detects other feelings.
⚬Produces vitamin D.
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM WORKS
WITH OTHER SYSTEMS:

Helps your immune system fight germs and illness as the first line of
protection. It delivers white blood cells to injuries to start healing.
Your integumentary system absorbs vitamin D, a hormone that
impacts calcium absorption and bone health. The microscopic hairs in
your nose filter dust and other particles before you breathe them.
 COMMON DISORDERS/CONDITION
IN THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Because of its exposure to a wide variety of internal and external

influences, its complicated structure, and its function as a protective
barrier between the body and the outside environment, the
integumentary system is susceptible to a wide variety of condition and
disorders. A good skincare routine, good cleanliness, and regular medical
checkups may help control and avoid many of these conditions. In this
context, we are referring to ailments or disorders that affect the skin,
hair, and nails, as well as glands.
 COMMON
DISORDERS/CONDITION IN
THE SKIN
Here are some common disorders/condition:

Acne: Pimples, Eczema (Dermatitis): Urticaria (Hives): Itchy, Melanoma, basal cell
blackheads, whiteheads, Inflammatory skin disorders raised welts on the skin carcinoma, and squamous cell
and cysts caused by produce itching, redness, caused by allergies, carcinoma may result from
hormonal changes in and rashes. Common infections, drugs, or other continuous sun exposure and
puberty. eczema is atopic dermatitis. factors. other conditions.
 COMMON
DISORDERS/CONDITION
IN THE NAILS

Nail Trauma: Slamming a finger in a Nail Psoriasis: The skin ailment Fungal nail infections
door or dumping a heavy item on a psoriasis may also damage (onychomycosis) are prevalent.
toenail may cause subungual nails. Pitted, ridged, discolored, Nails might become discolored,
hemorrhage, nail bed lacerations, or and nail bed-separating thickened, brittle, and crumbly.
abnormalitie psoriatic nails. The nails may smell bad.
 COMMON
DISORDERS/CONDITION
IN THE HAIR

Alopecia Areata: The immune system Dandruff (Seborrheic Dermatitis): This Grey Hair: Genetics, vitamin
targets hair follicles, causing tiny, scalp ailment causes flaking and deficiencies, stress, and medical
circular areas of hair loss. The scalp itching. It may be caused by scalp problems may cause premature hair
and other regions might be affected. yeast-like fungal proliferation. greying.
 COMMON
DISORDERS/CONDITION
IN THE GLANDS

Hyperhidrosis: Overactive Miliaria (Heat Rash): Hot and Thyroid Disorders:

eccrine sweat glands cause humid temperatures block Hypothyroidism and
profuse sweating. It may be sweat ducts, creating little red or hyperthyroidism may cause a
humiliating and uncomfortable. clear blisters on the skin. variety of health problems.
 PREVENTION TIPS TO AVOID
DISORDERS/CONDITIONS
• SUN PROTECTION - wearing sunscreen with • MANAGE STRESS - Chronic stress may
broad-spectrum protection and an SPF of 30 or aggravate psoriasis and eczema. Practice
higher. meditation, yoga, or deep breathing to reduce
• PROPER CLEANSING - wash your skin gently stress.
with mild soap and warm water to remove • PROPER NAIL CARE - Trim nails frequently to
grime, perspiration, and oils. avoid ingrown nails and nail cleanliness to
• ACNE MANAGEMENT- maintain a regular avoid fungal or bacterial infections.
skincare regimen and avoid picking or • HAIR CARE - Use moderate hair care products,
squeezing acne to prevent scars and infection. avoid heat styling, and avoid hairstyles that
• HYGIENE - Bathe frequently and use clean might damage or break hair.
towels and linens. Since moisture promotes • STOP SMOKING AND DRINK LESS - Smoking
fungal infections, change wet or sweaty prematurely ages skin and increases skin
garments immediately. cancer risk. Limiting alcohol helps skin too.
 Th a n k
You !
Do you have any questions?

BARLIS,MIKAELA
MAWEN R.