Lecture 1

Introduction to Computer and

Programming Language
 C++ programming Language
• Extension of C
• Support procedure-oriented and object-oriented programming
approach
• Invented by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1980

HOW COMPUTER RUN A PROGRAM

Edit : Source code ( type the program)

Compile : If no syntax errors -> Object Code

Link : Link to library function -> exe module

Run : Output ( Check for any semantic errors)

A Typical C++ Program

# include <header files> Preprocessor Directive

# define P 100

/ / A typical C++ Program Comment

using namespace std;
int main ( ) Begin
{
Variables declaration
…….. ; main function
…….. ;
Statements;
……... ;
return 0;
} End
 Simple C++ Program

# include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// Aturcara ini akan mencetak sahaja (Penggunaan arahan cout)
int main ( )
{
cout << “Welcome to KUTKM \n”;
cout << “ MELAKA BANDARAYA BERSEJARAH”;

return 0;
}
Buat aturcara lengkap yang boleh mencetak output berikut

Output
Welcome to KUTKM
MELAKA BANDARAYA BERSEJARAH
Welcome to
KUTKM
MELAKA
BANDARAYA BERSEJARAH
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#define P 100
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "WELCOME TO KUTKM" << setfill('$') << setw(40);
cout << "MELAKA BANDARAYA BERSEJARAH\n";
cout << " " <<P <<"\n";
cout << "SELAMAT\tMAJU\tJAYA" <<endl <<endl;
return 0;
}
Output
WELCOME TO KUTKM$$$$$$$$$$$$MELAKA BANDARAYA BERSEJARAH
100
SELAMAT MAJU JAYA
Latihan
Buat satu aturcara lengkap untuk mencetak output seperti di bawah :-
SARJANA MUDA KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK
KOLEJ UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL

******************MELAKA*******************
Manipulator ( # include <iomanip>

1. “\n” : Advances the cursor to the beginning of the next line

e.g cout << “Mummy The Return\n\n”;

cout << “The Sixth Sense << endl;

Output: Mummy The Return

The Sixth Sense

2. endl : Advances the cursor to the beginning of the next line. Forces any
data remaining in the archive buffer to be written to the file.

Same as \n

3. “\t” : Horizontal tab

e.g. cout << “Mummy\tThe\tReturn\n\n”

Output: Mummy The Return

4. setw (n) : sets the stream’s internal field width variable to n. This setting remains
in effect only for the next insertion.

e.g cout << setw(10) << “567” << setw(30) << "Pearl Harbour";

Output ^^^^^^^567^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Pearl Harbour

5. setfill (‘?’) : This parameterized manipulator sets the stream’s fill character. The
default is a space. This setting remains in effect until the next change.

e.g cout << setfill (‘*’) << setw(5) << “567” << setw(20) << “Pearl
Harbour”
Output **567*******Pearl Harbour
 Contoh penyelesaian

1 #include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
cout << "SARJANA MUDA KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK" << endl;
cout << " KOLEJ UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL\n\n";
cout << "*****************MELAKA****************";
return 0;
}

2 #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "SARJANA MUDA KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK\n" ;
cout << " KOLEJ UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL";
cout << “\n\n****************MELAKA****************";
return 0;
}
3 #include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "SARJANA MUDA KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK\n";
cout << setw(30) <<"KOLEJ UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL\n";
cout << "\n" << setfill('*') << setw(20) <<"MELAKA" << setfill('*') << setw(15) << endl;

return 0;
}
4 #include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "SARJANA MUDA KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK\n";
cout << " KOLEJ UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL\n\n";
cout << setfill('*') << setw(34) <<"MELAKA**************" << endl;
return 0;
}
Latihan

1. Buat aturcara untuk mencetak output berikut

**********
**INTRO**
**********

2. Buat satu aturcara yang akan mencetak nama dan matrik anda.
Gunakan arahan yang telah dipelajari untuk menghasilkan
output yang menarik