HCF & LCM

LCM & HCF

• Prime Factorization Method

• Relation b/w LCM & HCF
• HCF and LCM of Fractions
• Problems related to same and different remainders
• Miscellaneous Questions
• Data Sufficiency on related topic
 HCF and LCM
LCM (Least Common Multiple): The least number which is exactly divisible by

each of the given numbers is called the least common multiple of those numbers.

For example, consider the numbers 3, 31 and 62 (2 x 31). The LCM of these

numbers would be 2 x 3 x 31 = 186.

 HCF and LCM
HCF : The largest number that divides exactly the given two or more numbers is the

highest common factor (HCF) for those numbers.

HCF is also known as Greatest Common Divisor (GCD).

For example, consider the numbers 30 (2 x 3 x 5), 36 (2 x 2 x 3 x 3), 42 (2 x 3 x 7), 45

(3 x 3 x 5).

3 is the largest number that divides each of these numbers, and hence, is the HCF for

these numbers.
 HCF and LCM
Find HCF and LCM: By Using Prime factorization method

Prime Factorization for HCF:

Take an example of finding the highest common factor of 144, 104 and 160.
Now let us write the prime factors of 144, 104 and 160.
144 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
104 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 13
160 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5
The common factors of 144, 104 and 160 are 2 × 2 × 2 = 8
Therefore, HCF (144, 104, 160) = 8
 HCF and LCM
LCM By Prime Factorization:
To calculate the LCM of two numbers 60 and 45. Out of other ways, one way to find the
LCM of given numbers is as below:
List the prime factors of each number first.
60 = 2 × 2 x 3 × 5
45 = 3 × 3 × 5
Then multiply each factor the most number of times it occurs in any number.
If the same multiple occurs more than once in both the given numbers, then multiply the
factor the most number of times it occurs.
The occurrence of Numbers in the above example:
2: two times
3: two times
5: one time
LCM = 2 × 2 x 3 × 3 × 5 = 180
 HCF and LCM
Relationship between HCF & LCM:
The product of any two numbers is equal to the product of their HCF (Highest
common factor) and their LCM(lowest common multiple).

Product of two given numbers = Their HCF * Their LCM

 HCF and LCM
HCF & LCM OF A FRACTION
 HCF and LCM
1. The LCM of 15 x^3 y^4 and 12 x^2 y^5 is?
A. 25 x^3 y^5 B. 15 x^3 y^5 C. 30 x^3 y^5 D. 60 x^3 y^5
 HCF and LCM
2. Find the HCF of 48, 92 and 140.
A. 8 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3
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3. Two numbers are in the ratio of 15 : 11 . If their HCF is 13, then the greater number
is:
A. 95 B. 125 C. 165 D. 195
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4. The highest possible length of a ribbon which can measure exactly the cloths 95m, 228m
and 342m is ?
A. 19m B.18m C.15m D.17m
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5. Find the HCF of 2/5, 5/6 and 18/7 is
A. 1/210 B. 48/105 C. 24/105 D. None
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6. The least number which when divided by 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 leaves a remainder of 2 in
each case is:
A. 56 B. 50 C.46 D. 48
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7. Find the greatest number of four digits which when divided by 3, 5, 8 and 12 have 2 as
remainders.
A. 9958 B. 9962 C. 9964 D. 9940
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8. What is the least number which when divided by 2, 5, 7 and 9 leaves a remainder of 1 in
each case?
A. 656 B. 631 C.647 D. 648
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9. What is the least number that when divided by 60, 84, and 96 leaves the remainders 28,
52, and 64 respectively?
A. 3528 B. 3392 C. 3328 D. 3640
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10. Find the greatest number that will divide 448, 525, 720 and leaves the remainder 11, 12
and 17, respectively.
A. 19 B. 16 C. 18 D. 10
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11. The least number, which when divided by 5, 6, 7 and 8 leaves a remainder 3 in each case,
but when divided by 9 leaves no remainder, is:
A. 1223 B. 1677 C. 1683 D. 1539
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12. Find the greatest number that will divide 43, 91 and 183 so as to leave the same
remainder in each case?
A. 8 B. 7 C.4 D. 5
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13. Find the HCF of (4^315 − 1) and (4^25 − 1)?
A. 1023 B. 1024 C. (4^15 -1) D. 1
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14. The product of two 2-digit numbers is 2366 and their H.C .F. is 13 . The numbers may
be?
A. 39 & 65 B. 52 & 91 C. 52 & 78 D. 26 & 91
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15. The product of two numbers is 2028 and their H.C.F is 13. The numbers of such pair is?
A. 5 B. 1 C. 3 D. 2
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16.The Least Common Multiple and Highest common Factor of two numbers are 30 and 5
respectively. If their sum is 25, then what will be the difference of these two numbers?:
A. 15 B. 25 C. 5 D. 10
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17. Let x be the least number which when divided by 8, 9, 12, 14 and 36 leaves a remainder of
4 in each case, but x is divisible by 11. The sum of the digits of x is _______.
A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 7
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18. N is the greatest number that will divide 734, 761 and 1463 leaving the same remainder in
each case. What is sum of digits of N?
A. 12 B. 9 C. 7 D. 10
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19. Alarms from 3 different clocks sound after every 2, 4 and 6 hours, respectively. If the
clocks are started at the same time, how many times do the alarms ring together in 3 days?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 4 D. 8
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20. On M.G Road, three consecutive traffic lights change after 18, 63 and 72 seconds,
respectively. If the lights are first switched on at 10:00 A.M. sharp, at what time will they
change simultaneously?
A. 10:06:24 B.10:08:24 C. 10:08:28 D. 10:08:20
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21. Radha has 289 green balls and 340 red balls. These balls are to be divided into different
boxes such that each box has the equal number of balls and each box has either red or green
balls but not both. What is the minimum number of boxes required?
A. 37 B. 24 C. 28 D. 20
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22. In a factory, there are three different qualities of oils of different amounts. 1404 litres of
first quality, 2364 litres of second quality and 2496 litres of third quality. Find the least
possible number of bottles of equal size in which oils of different qualities can be filled
without mixing.
A.522 B. 527 C. 534 D. 539
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Directions (23-24) In each of the questions below consists of a question and two
statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided
in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and;
Give answer:
A. If the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in
statement II alone are not sufficient to answer the question.
B. If the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in
statement I alone are not sufficient to answer the question.
C. If the data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the
question.
D. If the data given in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the
question and;
E. If the data in both statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.
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23. What is the value of number X?
Statement I: The HCF of X and 36 is 4
Statement II: The LCM of X and 36 is 72
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24. Find the smallest of the two positive numbers?
Statement I: The ratio of two nos. is 3:4.
Statement II: The product of the two numbers is 48.
Any Doubts???

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