WORDS

AND
SENTENCES
WORDS – PARTS OF SPEECH

• What are parts of speech?

• Parts of speech are the different kinds
of words used in a sentence.
WHAT ARE THE VARIOUS
PARTS OF SPEECH IN A
SENTENCE?
PARTS OF SPEECH
1. Nouns 6. Prepositions
2. Verbs 7. Adverbs
3. Articles 8. Connectives
4. Pronouns 9. Determiners
5. Adjectives
10.Interjections
PARTS OF SPEECH

What are nouns?

Nouns are names of people, places and

things.
 Nouns

Common Nouns Proper Nouns

Refers to people, Names of particular people,

place or things places or things.

Teacher, city, chair Peter Chan, Causeway Bay,

IFC tower
VERBS

What are verbs?

Verbs are words like ‘read’, ‘write’,

‘have’. They often indicate an action.
 Articles

Definite article Indefinite article

‘a’ and ‘an’ ‘the’

PRONOUNS
• What are pronouns?

We use pronouns instead of nouns.

Words such as ‘I’, ‘he’, ‘we’ are

pronouns.
ADVERBS

• Adverbs describe
1. Verbs e.g. He speaks softly.
2. Adjectives e.g. She is very beautiful.
3. Other adverbs e.g. He speaks so
softly.
4. Sentences e.g. Luckily, we won.
ADJECTIVES
• Adjectives describe nouns.
• She is very happy.
• She is a beautiful girl.
CONNECTIVES
• Connectives link up different parts of a
sentence.
• E.g. and, but, if, or, although etc.,
PREPOSITIONS
• These mainly tell us about positions
and directions.
• E.g. in, on , at, with, out, above,
beside…
DETERMINERS
• A determiner comes before a noun and
show us ‘which’.
• Eg. That book
• These people
• My friend
• Many ideas
INTERJECTIONS
• Interjections are words people say that
carry feelings.
• Wow, oh, ouch, oops, whoa
 IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH
1. The BOY is eating.
(What part of speech is the word "BOY" in this
sentence?)

a. verb
b. adjective
c. noun
d. adverb
Answer : Noun
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

2. The girl ate some delicious FRUIT.

a. adjective
b. noun
c. verb
d. adverb

Answer: noun
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

3. Mary WILL TAKE a course in computers next summer.

a. adjective
b. noun
c. pronoun
d. verb

Answer: verb
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

4. Everyone THINKS the cafeteria food is terrible.

a. verb
b. noun
c. pronoun
d. adjective

Answer: Verb
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

5. These birds all FLY together.

a. noun
b. verb
c. adverb
d. adjective

Answer: verb
 IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

6. Where did THE boy go?

a. noun
b. verb
c. article
d. adjective

Answer: article
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

7. They are very good DANCERS!

a. noun
b. verb
c. article
d. adjective

Answer: noun
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

What part of a speech are these words:

library, pencil, file cabinet

Answer : Nouns
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH
What part of a speech are these words:

run, sleep, learn

Answer: Verb
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH
What part of a speech are these words:

I, you, they

Answer: Pronouns
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH
What part of a speech are these words:

a, an, the

Answer: Articles
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

What part of a speech are these words:

university, Chicago, Terry

Answer: nouns
IDENTIFY PARTS OF SPEECH

What part of a speech are these words:

mine, yours, theirs

Answer: pronouns
CAN A WORD BE MORE THAN ONE
PART OF A SPEECH?
• Yes.
• I shop in the same shop every week.
SUFFIXES CAN HELP

• Suffixes i.e., word endings can usually

tell us about the parts of speech of the
word.
• Noun
• Adjectives
• verbs
4 TYPES OF SENTENCES
1. A statement

• I am a good basketball player.

• I can act very well.

 4 TYPES OF SENTENCES
2. A question

• Are you a good basketball player?

• Can you act well?

 4 TYPES OF SENTENCES
3. A command

• Sit down!

• Stop shouting!
 4 TYPES OF SENTENCES
4. An exclamation

• Great Goal!

• Oh No !
 PARTS OF A SENTENCE
• A sentence will always have the following two elements.
• A subject
• Mary likes playing basketball. Do you like sports?
Sometimes the subject is hidden
• Be quiet! ( the subject is you)

• A verb
• Mary scored a basket. We cheered.
 SENTENCE - RULES

• A sentence begins with a capital letter.

• They are going out today.
• A sentence ends with a full stop, a question mark or
an exclamation mark.
• They all went out.
• Why are you here?
• Great shot!
PATTERNS IN A SENTENCE
1. She slept.

She = Subject
slept = Verb

Pattern : S + V
PATTERNS IN A SENTENCE

2. We bought a computer.

We = Subject
bought = Verb
a computer = Object
(direct object 直接受詞 )

Pattern = S + V + DO
PATTERNS IN A SENTENCE

3. I am giving him a bicycle.

I = Subject
am giving = Verb
him = Object (Indirect 間接受詞 )
a bicycle = Object (Direct)

Pattern = S + V + IO + DO
PATTERNS IN A SENTENCE

4. Alan is my best friend.

Alan = Subject
is = Verb
my best friend = Complement ( 補語 )

Pattern = S + V + C
Make your own sentences

1. S + V
Make your own sentences

1. S + V
Alan laughed.
He laughs.
He is laughing.
Make your own sentences

2. S + V + DO
Make your own sentences

2. S + V + DO
Max sang a song.

Henry is singing a song.

Make your own sentences

3. S + V + IO+ DO
Make your own sentences

3. S + V + IO+ DO

Grandma read Sophia a story.

Make your own sentences

4. S + V + C
Make your own sentences

4. S + V + C
Ms. Anu is my English teacher.
Ms. Anu is beautiful.
Ms. Anu is Indian.
Make your own sentences

5. V
Make your own sentences

5. V
Make your own sentences

6. V + DO
Make your own sentences

6. V + DO
Close the window!
Open the window!
Make your own sentences

7. S + V
Make your own sentences

7. S + V
The dogs are sleeping.
How to write more complex sentences?

1. S + V + DO
Max sang a song.

Henry is singing a song.

How to write more complex sentences?

2. S + V + C
Ms. Anu is my English teacher.
Ms. Anu is beautiful.
Ms. Anu is an Indian.
How to write more complex sentences?

3. S + V
The dogs are sleeping.