CHAPTER 14

DICTIONARIES
XI
Computer Science (083)
Board : CBSE
Unit 2:
Computational Thinking and Programming
Courtesy CBSE
LEARNING OUTCOMES
 LEARNING OUTCOMES
After studying this lesson, students will be
able to:

 Understand the need of dictionaries;

Solve problems by using dictionaries;
Get clear idea about dictionaries functions;
and
 Understand the difference between list and
dictionary.
WHAT IS DICTIONARY?
 WHAT IS DICTIONARY?

A dictionary is like a list, but more in

general. In a list, index value is an integer, while
in a dictionary index value can be any other data
type and are called keys. The key will be used as
a string as it is easy to recall. A dictionary is an
extremely useful data storage construct for
storing and retrieving all key value pairs, where
each element is accessed (or indexed) by a
unique key. However, dictionary keys are not in
sequences and hence maintain no left-to right
order.
 KEY VALYE PAIR

We can refer to a dictionary as a

mapping between a set of indices (which
are called keys) and a set of values. Each
key maps a value. The association of a key
and a value is called a key-value pair.
Syntax:
my_dict = {'key1': 'value1','key2':
'value2','key3': 'value3'…'keyn': 'valuen'}
 DICTIONARIES

Curley brackets are used to represent a

dictionary.

Each pair in the dictionary is represented

by a key and value separated by a colon.

Multiple pairs are separated by vcomas

 DICTIONARIES

A dictionary is an un­ordered collection of key­

value pairs.

A dictionary has a length, specifically the numb

er of key­value pairs.

A dictionary provides fast look up by key.

The keys must be immutable object types.

 STATE DIAGRAM

>>> A={1:"one",2:"two",3:"three"}

1 one
A= 2 two
3 three

KEYS VALUES
CREATING A DICTIONARY – dict()
 CREATING DICTIONARAY – dict()

The function dict ( ) is used to create a new

dictionary with no items. This function is called
built-in function. We can also create dictionary
using {}.
CREATING DICTIONARAY – Example
CREATING AND TRAVERSING DICTIONARAY
CREATING AND TRAVERSING DICTIONARAY

OUT PUT
CREATING AND TRAVERSING DICTIONARAY

OUT PUT
DICTIONARAY – BUILT IN METHODS
 DICTIONARAY – BUILT IN METHODS

Dictionary Method Meaning

dict.clear() Removes all the elements of the
dictionary
dict.copy() Returns (shallow)copy of
dictionary.
dict.get(key, for key key, returns value or
default=None) default if key not in dictionary
(note that default's default is
None)

dict.items() returns a list of dict's (key, value)

tuple pairs
 DICTIONARAY – BUILT IN METHODS

Dictionary Method Meaning

dict.keys() returns list of dictionary dict's
keys
dict.setdefault key, similar to get(), but will set
default=None dict[key]=default if key is not
already in dict
dict.update(dict2) adds dictionary dict2's key-values
pairs to dict
dict.values() returns list of dictionary dict's
values
 DICTIONARAY – BUILT IN METHODS

Dictionary Method Meaning

dict.pop() returns list of dictionary dict's
keys
dict.popitem() similar to get(), but will set
dict[key]=default if key is not
already in dict
dict.clear() METHOD

clear method

OUTPUT is in next slide!

dict.clear() METHOD - OUTPUT

Birthday dictionary cleared

dict.copy() METHOD

copy method

OUTPUT is in next slide!

 dict.copy() METHOD - OUTPUT

copy method creates b2 dictionary

dict.get() METHOD

get method

OUTPUT is in next slide!

 dict.get() METHOD - OUTPUT

Creating a b2 dictionary using get method

dict.items() METHOD

items method

OUTPUT is in next slide!

 dict.items() METHOD - OUTPUT

items method returns dictionary content

dict.keys() METHOD

keys method

OUTPUT is in next slide!

 dict.keys() METHOD - OUTPUT

keys method returns dictionary keys

dict.update() METHOD

update method
 dict.values() METHOD

values method returns dictionary values

 dict.pop() METHOD

pop method removes specified key

values from the dictionary
 dict.popitem() METHOD

popitem method removes values/items

from the dictionary
CLASS WORK/HOME WORK
 CLASS WORK/HOME WORK
1. Write a Python script to sort (ascending and
descending) a dictionary by value.
2. Write a Python script to add a key to a dictionary.

Sample Dictionary : {0: 10, 1: 20}

Expected Result : {0: 10, 1: 20, 2: 30}
3. Write a Python script to concatenate following
dictionaries to create a new one.
Sample Dictionary :
dic1={1:10, 2:20}
dic2={3:30, 4:40}
dic3={5:50,6:60}
Expected Result : {1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6:
60}
 CLASS WORK/HOME WORK

4. Write a Python script to check if a given key

already exists in a dictionary.

5. Write a Python program to iterate over

dictionaries using for loops.

6. Write a Python script to generate and print a

dictionary that contains a number (between 1 and
n) in the form (x, x*x).
Sample Dictionary ( n = 5) :
Expected Output : {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}
 CLASS WORK/HOME WORK

7. Write a Python script to print a dictionary where

the keys are numbers between 1 and 15 (both
included) and the values are square of keys.

Sample Dictionary
{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25, 6: 36, 7: 49, 8: 64, 9: 81,
10: 100, 11: 121, 12: 144, 13: 169, 14: 196, 15: 225}

8. Write a Python script to merge two Python

dictionaries.
 CLASS WORK/HOME WORK

9. Write a Python program to iterate over

dictionaries using for loops.

10. Write a Python program to sum all the items in

a dictionary.
Class Test
 Class Test

Time: 40 Min Max Marks: 20

1. What is dictionary? give example 02

2. Write a python script to traverse a
dictionary 05
3. Explain 5 list built in methods of
dictionary 10
4. What is key value pair? Explain 05
Thank You