4.4 The Great Fire of London

Unit 4: Commonwealth and Restoration
4.4 The Great Fire of London
History
BREAKING NEWS!!
LONDON’S ON FIRE
Sunday, 2 September 1666
London: A fire broke out not far

from London Bridge. The fire was
believed to have started at
Pudding Lane.
Is this an accident or is it arson?
Rumours speculating that this is a
foreign plot or a Catholic plot.
In any case, thousands of terrified Londoners loaded their possessions onto carts and fled
the city. King Charles II is devising a plan to save the city to reduce loss and casualties.
Learning Objectives
4.4
Impact of the Great Fire of
London towards London's
city planning
Learning Outcomes
01 make justification towards the actions taken to

stop the fire from burning the city
02 identify the real cause of the fire
03 identify the relation of the cause of the fire to

the new city planning rules
01
Spread of the fire
The Great Fire of London

Sunday, 2 September 1666
Summer 1666 | London
It was a long, dry summer. By
September 1666, London’s medieval
houses, which were made of wood
and straw, became really dried.
One night, a fire broke out at a
street not far from London Bridge.
The fire spread quickly
throughout London. Over 13,000
homes and 88 churches were
destroyed.
Think of a way to prevent the fire
from further spreading.
You’re the KING
you Your responsibilities
‘tis
You are the king of England and London is on fire.
As the king of England, you need to devise a plan to
stop this fire from further spreading throughout the
city.
What must be done:
1. Assess the situations and conditions of your city.
2. Based on the situations and condition, choose the
best option to contain the fire.
3. Justify the option of your choice.
4.4.1 Assess the situation
Take a look at the situation of the town below
and write two statements about the situation
for each category below:
1. Facilities
2. Weather
3. Building structures
1. Facilities 2a
3b
2. Weather
3a
3. Building structures
1b
2b 1a
4.4.1 Assessing the situation
Facilities Weather Building structures

● Basic water pump has ● Summer was hot and ● Made of wood and
limited water access dry caused the houses straw made it easy to
● River Thames to get to become dry and easy catch fire
more water but hard to to catch fire ● Connected in a row
transport the water ● Strong wind made the cause the fire to
fire spread faster spread
4.4.2 Stopping the spread of fire
There are a few ways to stop the fire. Three options are
provided for you. Only one is the answer. Which one is it?
Transport water from

Pour water from the Pull down some
River Thames using
water pump houses are connected
buckets
Give your order to a person who is responsible for the city.

The name of that person:
T H O M A S B L O O D W R T H
His role: Mayor of London
Justify reasons for your decision to stop the fire.
Transport water from

Pour water from the Pull down some
River Thames using
pump houses
buckets
Charles II’s order: Medieval houses were

connected to each other made
Pull down some the fire spread from one
houses building to the other. Pull down
some houses in between can
stop the fire from spreading.
Learning Outcomes
✔ 01 make justification towards the actions taken to

02 identify the real cause of the fire

02
Accident or arson?
Real cause of the fire

Time to investigate 4.4.3 Cause of the fire
Now that you have stopped the fire
from spreading, it’s time to The citizens have identified a few
investigate who was responsible for suspects. Study their profiles and
all the commotion! identify the real cause.
Was it an accident or a crime?
People suspected this to be a

foreign plot or the Catholic’s plot.
However, as a king, you should
consider all possibilities.
Do not punish before you find
strong evidence!
Who is highly related to this case? Why?
The fire started from Pudding Lane. Thomas Farriner, a baker, was the first
person to have noticed the fire. He alerted the neighbours and the mayor.
4.4.3 Cause of the fire
Based on the statements from the suspect A, B and C, discuss with your group
to answer the following questions.
1. Based on the statements from the three suspects, do you think the fire
is an arson or an accident?
Explain your answer with evidence. [3]
2. Based on the statements from the three suspects, who is responsible for
the great fire of London?
Based on the statements from the suspect A, B and C, discuss with your group
to answer the following questions.
1. Based on the statements from the three suspects, do you think the fire
is an arson or an accident?
P accident
point
E there was no clear evidence of arson

explain
Suspect A’s fireball - tennis ball - suspect B - changed his statement -

example/ E unreliable - suspect C - no intention to commit arson
evidence
2. Based on the statements from the three suspects, who is responsible for
the great fire of London?
P Suspect C - Thomas Farriner

point
E the fire started in his bakery

explain
example/ E his statement - not the one to put off the fire - burnt firewood - amber - spark
evidence
Learning Outcomes

✔ 02 identify the real cause of the fire

03
London, a new city
reborn
New city planning
Impact of The Great Fire
Identify which category does
the impacts below belong to.
(S=society, E=economy, C=city development)
13,000 houses and 87

churches were burned.
S E C
More than 100,000 people

were homeless.
S E C
New houses built with

bricks instead of wood
S E C
New rules for a new London
To build the new London, King Charles II insisted on a few
building rules to avoid the tragedy from happening again.
New rules for new London

● Building new homes out of wood is banned.
● All new houses should be built of bricks or stone.
● All new streets must be wide and 100 streets must be
widened.
● The filthy Fleet River will be covered over and some
new common sewers will be built.
4.4.4 London: a city reborn (Part 1)
Identify which category does the impacts below belong to.
Area of impact Impact to (Economy / Society / City

Development)
13,000 houses and 87 churches were

burned.
More than 100,000 people were

homeless.
New houses built with bricks instead of

wood
4.4.4 London: a city reborn (Part 2)
Justify reasons for each new rules.
New rules for new London Justification (reasons)
Building new homes out of wood is banned.
All new houses should be built of bricks or

stone.
All new streets must be wide and 100

streets must be widened.
The filthy Fleet River will be covered over

and some new common sewers will be
built.
Learning Outcomes

✔ 02 identify the real cause of the fire
✔ 03 identify the relation of the cause of the fire to


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Unit 4: Commonwealth and Restoration

4.4 The Great Fire of London

Sunday, 2 September 1666

London: A fire broke out not far

01 make justification towards the actions taken to

02 identify the real cause of the fire

03 identify the relation of the cause of the fire to

The Great Fire of London

Facilities Weather Building structures

Transport water from

Give your order to a person who is responsible for the city.

Transport water from

Charles II’s order: Medieval houses were

✔ 01 make justification towards the actions taken to

02 identify the real cause of the fire

03 identify the relation of the cause of the fire to

Real cause of the fire

Was it an accident or a crime?

People suspected this to be a

E there was no clear evidence of arson

Suspect A’s fireball - tennis ball - suspect B - changed his statement -

P Suspect C - Thomas Farriner

E the fire started in his bakery

✔ 01 make justification towards the actions taken to

✔ 02 identify the real cause of the fire

03 identify the relation of the cause of the fire to

13,000 houses and 87

More than 100,000 people

New houses built with

New rules for new London

Area of impact Impact to (Economy / Society / City

13,000 houses and 87 churches were

More than 100,000 people were

New houses built with bricks instead of

New rules for new London Justification (reasons)

Building new homes out of wood is banned.

All new houses should be built of bricks or

All new streets must be wide and 100

The filthy Fleet River will be covered over

✔ 01 make justification towards the actions taken to

✔ 02 identify the real cause of the fire

✔ 03 identify the relation of the cause of the fire to

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