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Conditional Sentences

This document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English grammar: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, third conditional. It provides examples of how each type is formed and used. The zero conditional describes rules and situations that always occur. The first conditional talks about possible future events dependent on other events. The second conditional discusses imagined or unlikely future events. The third conditional talks about unreal past situations. It also discusses "unless" as an alternative to "if not".

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19 views

Conditional Sentences

This document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English grammar: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, third conditional. It provides examples of how each type is formed and used. The zero conditional describes rules and situations that always occur. The first conditional talks about possible future events dependent on other events. The second conditional discusses imagined or unlikely future events. The third conditional talks about unreal past situations. It also discusses "unless" as an alternative to "if not".

Uploaded by

gracela yolanda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conditional sentences

Advanced English Grammar


Finish these sentences
◦ If I pass my English Grammar exam, I will….
◦ If I passed my English Grammar exam, I
would…
◦ If I had passed my English Grammar exam, I
would have…
Zero Conditional
◦ The Zero Conditional is formed in this way:
if + Present Simple, Present Simple
If you heat water, it boils.
◦ We use Zero Conditional to describe rules and
situations where one event always follows the
other.
If you want to study in the USA, you have to
pass an exam in English.
First Conditional
 The First Conditional is formed in this way:
if + Present Simple, will + infinitive
If you go to the Zoo, you will see the lions.

 We use the First Conditional to talk about possible


future events that depend on other future events.
If I pass my exams, my parents will buy me a car.

Other possible patterns in the First Conditional:


If we save enough money, we can go on holiday. – can
If you see him, tell him to give me a ring. - imperative
Second Conditional
The second Conditional is formed in this way:
if + Past Simple, would / could / might + infinitive
If I had enough money, I would buy a new house.

 We use the Second Conditional:


1. To talk about imagined, impossible or unlikely
events in the future.
If I had enough money, I would love to do
something like that. (the sentence refers to the future)
2. To talk about impossible present situations.
If I were you, I would go home now.
Third Conditional
The Third Conditional is formed in this way:
if + Past Perfect, would/could/might + Perfect Infinitive

If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.

We use the Third Conditional to talk about unreal


situations in the past and to imagine things that did not
happen.

If I hadn’t broken my leg, I would have gone skiing.


Unless = if not
You don’t get fit unless you exercise
regularly.
You don’t get fit if you don’t exercise
regularly.
I won’t go there unless we take a taxi.

I won’t go there if we don’t take a taxi.


Test Examples
1. If you ask him, he ___________ (take) you to the
airport.
2. The view was wonderful. If I
______________(have) a camera with me, I would
have taken some photographs.
3. You know that I can’t afford this ring. If I earned
more, I ________________(buy) you the whole
world.
4. It’s a pity I didn’t go to Spain last summer. If I had
gone there, I ____________________ (have) a
chance to use my Spanish.
5. If I were you, I ______________ (take) your
neighbour to court.
Test Examples
1. If you ask him, he will take you to the airport.
2. The view was wonderful. If I had had a camera
with me, I would have taken some photographs.
3. You know that I can’t afford this ring. If I earned
more, I would buy you the whole world.
4. It’s a pity I didn’t go to Spain last summer. If I had
gone there, I would have had a chance to use my
Spanish.
5. If I were you, I would take your neighbour to court.

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