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    3 Cell Structure and Function

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    Jenny Bederio
    The document summarizes the main organelles found in cells and their functions. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. It is the control center of the cell. Mitochondria produce ATP and provide energy for the cell. Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus modify and transport proteins and lipids within the cell. Lysosomes digest pathogens and aid in cell renewal. Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis in plant cells.

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    3 Cell Structure and Function

    Uploaded by

    Jenny Bederio
    4 views22 pages
    The document summarizes the main organelles found in cells and their functions. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. It is the control center of the cell. Mitochondria produce ATP and provide energy for the cell. Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus modify and transport proteins and lipids within the cell. Lysosomes digest pathogens and aid in cell renewal. Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis in plant cells.

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    The document summarizes the main organelles found in cells and their functions. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. It is the control center of the cell. Mitochondria produce ATP and provide energy for the cell. Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus modify and transport proteins and lipids within the cell. Lysosomes digest pathogens and aid in cell renewal. Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis in plant cells.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views22 pages

    3 Cell Structure and Function

    Uploaded by

    Jenny Bederio
    The document summarizes the main organelles found in cells and their functions. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. It is the control center of the cell. Mitochondria produce ATP and provide energy for the cell. Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus modify and transport proteins and lipids within the cell. Lysosomes digest pathogens and aid in cell renewal. Chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis in plant cells.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    CELL ORGANELLES AND

    FUNCTION
    April Joyce A. Acupan
    SHS T – II
    CELL

    • Is the smallest unit that is capable of


    performing life functions.
    Typical Animal Cell
    Plant Cell
    NUCLEUS
    • Houses the cell’s DNA
    and directs the
    synthesis of ribosome
    subunits and proteins.

    • The control center of


    the cell
    NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
    • A double – membrane
    structure that
    constituents the
    outermost portion of the
    nucleus.

    • Membrane enclosing the


    nucleus; allows materials
    protein-lined pores to
    move in and out.
    CHROMATIN

    • Chromosomes – are
    structures within the
    nucleus that are made
    up of DNA, the
    hereditary material.
    RIBOSOMES
    • Are the cellular
    organelles responsible
    for protein synthesis
    and are considered the
    protein factories of the
    cell.
    MITOCHONDRIA
    • “Powerhouse of the cell” because they are
    responsible for making adenosine
    triphosphate (ATP).
    PEROXISOMES
    • Are small, round organelles enclosed by single
    membranes.

    • They carry out oxidation reactions.

    • They also detoxify many poisons that may


    enter the body.
    VESICLES AND VACUOLES
    • Are membrane – bound
    sacs that function in
    storage and transport.

    • Vacuoles – membrane-
    bound sacs for storage,
    digestion, and waste
    removal
    ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM
    • Group of membranes in eukaryotic cells that
    works together to modify, package, and
    transport lipids and proteins.

    • Includes nuclear envelope, lysosomes,


    vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
    Apparatus.
    ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
    • Series of interconnected membranous sacs
    and tubules that modifies proteins and
    synthesizes lipids.

    Two types
    • Smooth: lacks ribosomes

    • Rough type: ribosomes embedded in surface


    SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC
    RETICULUM
    • No attached ribosomes
    • Has enzymes that help build molecules
    -Carbohydrates
    -Lipids
    ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC
    RETICULUM
    • Ribosomes attached to surface
    - Manufacture proteins
    - Not all ribosomes attached to rough ER
    • May modify proteins from ribosomes
    GOLGI
    APPARATUS/BODIES
    • Protein 'packaging
    plant‘

    • Move materials within


    the cell

    • Move materials out of


    the cell
    LYSOSOMES
    • Use their hydrolytic
    enzymes to destroy
    pathogens that might
    enter the cell.
    • Contain digestive
    enzymes
    Functions
    • Aid in cell renewal
    • Break down old cell parts
    • Digests invaders
    CYTOSKELETON
    • The network of protein filaments and
    microtubules in the cytoplasm that controls
    cell shape, maintains intracellular
    organization, and is involved in cell
    movement.
    LI ZE D
    P E C I A
    S L L
    C E
    T UR E
    U C
    STR
    CENTROSOME
    • Mictrobule–organizing
    center found near the
    nuclei of an animal
    cells.

    • Contains a pair of
    centrioles.
    CELL WALL
    • Rigid covering that protects the cell, provides
    structural support, and gives shape to the cell.
    • Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
    CHLOROPLASTS
    • Are plant cell organelles that carry out
    photosynthesis.

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