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    Chapter 8 - Intro To Multimedia

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    Dyan Hafiz
    Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, audio, animation and video delivered electronically. It has two types: linear, where users have little control over presentation; and interactive, where users dictate flow. Key multimedia building blocks are text, sound/audio, images, animation, and video. Text is important for content, labels and instructions. Audio reinforces messages through music or narration. Images can be bitmapped or vector drawings. Animation adds motion through transitions or process descriptions. Video draws attention but requires high hardware performance.

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    Chapter 8 - Intro To Multimedia

    Uploaded by

    Dyan Hafiz
    318 views46 pages
    Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, audio, animation and video delivered electronically. It has two types: linear, where users have little control over presentation; and interactive, where users dictate flow. Key multimedia building blocks are text, sound/audio, images, animation, and video. Text is important for content, labels and instructions. Audio reinforces messages through music or narration. Images can be bitmapped or vector drawings. Animation adds motion through transitions or process descriptions. Video draws attention but requires high hardware performance.

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    Chapter 8 - Intro to Multimedia

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    Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, audio, animation and video delivered electronically. It has two types: linear, where users have little control over presentation; and interactive, where users dictate flow. Key multimedia building blocks are text, sound/audio, images, animation, and video. Text is important for content, labels and instructions. Audio reinforces messages through music or narration. Images can be bitmapped or vector drawings. Animation adds motion through transitions or process descriptions. Video draws attention but requires high hardware performance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    318 views46 pages

    Chapter 8 - Intro To Multimedia

    Uploaded by

    Dyan Hafiz
    Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, audio, animation and video delivered electronically. It has two types: linear, where users have little control over presentation; and interactive, where users dictate flow. Key multimedia building blocks are text, sound/audio, images, animation, and video. Text is important for content, labels and instructions. Audio reinforces messages through music or narration. Images can be bitmapped or vector drawings. Animation adds motion through transitions or process descriptions. Video draws attention but requires high hardware performance.

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    You are on page 1of 46

    CHAPTER 8 Introduction to Multimedia

    Introduction to Multimedia
    Part 1: Understanding Multimedia

    What is Multimedia
    Multimedia = Multi + media Multi = many Media = medium or means by which information is stored, transmitted, presented or perceived.

    What is Multimedia
    By simple definition: Multimedia can be any combination of text, graphics, audio, animation and video, to effectively communicate ideas to users.

    What is Multimedia: Definition 1


    Multimedia is any combination of text, graphic art, sound, animation and video delivered to users by computer or other electronic means.
    TayVaughan Multimedia : Making it work 5th Ed.
    5

    Multimedia is the presentation of a (usually interactive) computer application, incorporating media elements such as text, graphics, video, animation and sound on computer.

    What is Multimedia: Definition 2

    Stephen McGloughin Multimedia: Concepts & practice

    Types of Multimedia Presentation


    Linear Multimedia
    Users have very little control over the presentation; stand alone. Sample

    Interactive Multimedia
    Users dictate the flow of delivery. Sample

    Linear Multimedia
    The users sit back and watches the presentation. The presentation normally plays from the start to end or even loops continually to present the information. A movie is a common type of linear multimedia.
    8

    Interactive Multimedia
    The users control the delivery of elements to control the what and when. Users have the ability to move around or follow different path through the information presentation. Advantage: complex domain of information can be presented. Disadvantage: users might lost in the massive information highway. Useful for: information archive (encyclopedia), education, training and entertainment.
    9

    Introduction to Multimedia
    Part 2: Multimedia System Characteristics

    10

    Multimedia System Characteristics


    Multimedia systems must be computer controlled. All multimedia components are integrated. The interface to the final user may permit interactivity. The information must be represented digitally.
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    Storage Transmission Processing

    Why represent information in digital form?

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    Why represent information in digital form? storage Digital representation permits the
    of different information types on the same devices. Information may also be transmitted over a single digital network. When digitized, all form of information may be treated by computer programs, for editing, quality improvement, or recognition of the meaning of the information.

    13

    Introduction to Multimedia
    Part 3: Multimedia Building Block

    14

    Text Sound/Audio Image/Graphic Animation Video

    Multimedia Building Block

    15

    Multimedia Building Block: Text

    16

    Text in Multimedia

    Multimedia Building Block: Text

    A key component of any multimedia product. Multimedia products depend on text for various reasons:
    Page title Content of the information Label and Instruction

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    The power of meaning.

    Multimedia Building Block: Text

    Word must be chosen carefully


    Precise and accurate meaning to describe what you mean

    Words appear in titles, menus and navigational aids. Test the words that you plan to use on several users and observe their reaction.

    18

    Text Types Terminology


    ARIAL Courier Times New Roman

    Multimedia Building Block: Text

    Typeface: A family of similar characters that may include many sizes and styles

    19

    Text Types Terminology

    Multimedia Building Block: Text

    Point: the font size is usually measured in point. A point is 1/72 of an inch (0.0138)

    Leading: the vertical space between lines of text Line one Leading Line two
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    Text Types Terminology Kerning: the space between two characters Adjusting the space between the characters is also called tracking

    Multimedia Building Block: Text

    21

    Serif versus Sans Serif Serif type has extra stroke at certain points on letters.

    Multimedia Building Block: Text

    Serif fonts are considered to be more readable on printed pages. Times, Century Schoolbook, Bookman

    Sans serif type does not have those extra strokes


    Sans serif fonts are usually more readable on computer screens. Arial, Century Gothic
    22

    Multimedia Building Block: Sound/Audio

    23

    Multimedia Building Block: Audio


    Why is audio important in Multimedia?
    To reinforce message or theme To set the mood To catch the interest of the audience To alert the audience To include narration: effective for training and educational application.
    24

    Multimedia Building Block: Audio


    Types of Audio 2 types of audio in multimedia
    Music
    Background Attention grabber etc..

    Speech (voice)
    Narration Instruction etc
    25

    Multimedia Building Block: Audio


    Audio Consideration While audio (music or narration) can be very useful, most of the time, they can be irritating as well.
    Use appropriate music to reflect the mood or theme. Give the users choice of turning off/on the audio. In cases where the content of a page depends on audio (speech), consider providing transcript as the alternative. (for deaf people, non multimedia pc)
    26

    Multimedia Building Block: Audio


    The characteristics of audio waves:
    Audio is described in terms of two characteristics: Frequency

    The rate at which audio is measured Number of cycles per second or Hertz (Hz) Determines the pitch of the sound as heard by our ears The higher frequency, the clearer and sharper the sound the higher pitch of sound Sounds intensity or loudness The louder the sound, the larger amplitude.
    27

    Amplitude (or loudness)


    Variation of frequency and amplitude

    28

    Multimedia Building Block: Images

    29

    Multimedia Building Block: Images


    Before you create image Plan your approach
    Brainstorm ideas and concepts for the graphic look Put the ideas on paper: make flowchart and simulate the pages.

    Organize your tools


    Make sure all tools needed are available
    30

    Multimedia Building Block: Images


    2-D Drawing Still images are drawn in one of two ways:
    Bitmapped images Vector-drawn images

    Images are usually compressed to save space


    Formats like GIF, JPEG and PNG incorporate compression
    31

    Multimedia Building Block: Images


    Bitmapped Image
    A simple matrix or grid of dots with color information.
    i.e. an array of color dots that when looked at from distance forms an image.

    The smallest element of a bitmap is a pixel.


    A pixel

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    Multimedia Building Block: Images


    Vector Image
    Image data are stored in the form of
    Data points that describe the collection of lines, curves, circle, ellipses, text, polygon and other shape The characteristic of each shape such as line type and fill/shading specification

    The information of the images can be stored as coordinates


    33

    Multimedia Building Block: Images


    Bitmapped vs. Vector images
    Vector images are easily scaled without quality loss. Bitmapped images get grainy and pixilated when zoomed in

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    Multimedia Building Block: Images


    Bitmapped vs. Vector images
    Vector image files are usually smaller Contain information on how to recreate the image Vector graphics are web friendly Calculation time for vector images can draw resources Slow screen refresh rate
    35

    Multimedia Building Block: Images


    Bitmapped vs. Vector images
    Vector image can easily be edited.
    Each element of the image retain its identity and can be edited as an object because the position and attributes of each object are stored in the image model.

    Special effect can easily be applied on bitmapped image (distortion, blurring).

    36

    Multimedia Building Block: Animation

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    The power of animation

    Multimedia Building Block: Animation

    Animation is achieved by adding motion to still image/object. May also be defined as the creation of moving pictures one frame at a time. Animation grabs attention. Few types of animation
    Layout transition Process/ information transition
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    Multimedia Building Block: Animation


    Layout Transition The simplest form of animation is transition.
    Spiral Stretch Zoom Checkerboard

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    Multimedia Building Block: Animation


    Process / Information Transition Animation can be used to describe complex information / process in an easier way
    Perform visual cues (e.g. how things work)

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    Multimedia Building Block: Animation


    How animation works? Animation is possible because of a biological phenomenon known as persistence of vision
    An object seen by human eye remains chemically mapped on the eyes retina for a brief time after viewing

    a psychological phenomenon called phi.


    Humans mind need to conceptually complete the perceived action i.e.
    41

    Multimedia Building Block: Animation


    How animation works?
    Combination of these two (persistence of vision + phi) make it possible for a series of images that are changed very slightly and very rapidly, one after another, to seemingly blend together into a visual illusion of movement. E.g. a few cells or frames of rotating logo, when continuously and rapidly changed, the arrow of the compass is perceived to be spinning.

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    Multimedia Building Block: Animation


    How animation works?

    Still images are flashed in sequence to provide the illusion of animation

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    Multimedia Building Block: Video

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    Video consideration

    Multimedia Building Block: Video

    Video can add great impact to your multimedia presentation due to its ability to draw people attention. Video is also very hardwareintensive (requires the highest performance demand on your computer)
    Storage issue: full-screen, uncompressed video uses over 20 megabytes per second (MBps) of bandwidth and storage space.
    45

    Analog vs. Digital Video

    Multimedia Building Block: Video

    Digital video is beginning to replace analog in both professional (production house and broadcast station) and consumer video markets. Digital video offer superior quality at a given cost. Why?
    Digital video reduces generational losses suffered by analog video. Digital mastering means that quality will never be an issue.

    46

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