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Chapter 08-2 Database Constraints Part 2

CHECK constraints enforce business rules by restricting the data values that can be entered into table columns. They check that new or updated rows comply with rules like comparing a column to a range of values, comparing two columns, comparing a column to a list of constants, limiting values, checking for NULLs, and comparing columns to expressions. Constraints can be added to existing tables but existing data must comply or the constraint will be created in a disabled state.

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Prasanna Nivas Ärr
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30 views17 pages

Chapter 08-2 Database Constraints Part 2

CHECK constraints enforce business rules by restricting the data values that can be entered into table columns. They check that new or updated rows comply with rules like comparing a column to a range of values, comparing two columns, comparing a column to a list of constants, limiting values, checking for NULLs, and comparing columns to expressions. Constraints can be added to existing tables but existing data must comply or the constraint will be created in a disabled state.

Uploaded by

Prasanna Nivas Ärr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database Constraints

Chapter 8
CHECK Constraints
• Enforce business rules by placing restrictions on the data that
can be entered into a column
• The DBMS checks to make sure a new or changed row
doesn't violate any of its table's check constraints before an
insert or update operation is allowed
• CHECK keyword

2
Compare a column to a range of values
• Guarantees that the salary is between 15.00 and 45.00 inclusive

3
Compare Two columns

4
Compare Columns
ALTER TABLE customers
ADD CONSTRAINT cust_status_name_check
CHECK ( ( status = 'A' OR status = 'I' )
AND ( name <> ' ' ) );

5
Compare a Column to a List of Constants

6
Limit Constraint

7
NULL Constraint

8
Compare a Column to an Expressions

9
Boolean Data Type
• SQL does not support a Boolean data type
• Can be represented using a CHECK constraint

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Boolean Data Type

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Dropping Primary Key Constraint
• Specify the PRIMARY KEY keywords

12
Drop other Constraints
• To drop a unique, foreign key, or check constraint, specify the
constraint name

13
Adding a Constraint to an Existing Table Containing
Data
• Adding a constraint to an existing table requires that all existing
data comply with the constraint being added
• The data in an existing table might have to be cleaned up prior
to adding a constraint
• If a constraint is added to a table that already contains data that
violates the constraint, the constraint is added in a disabled
state and will not work

14
ALTER TABLE
Adding a New Column to an Existing Table
• When you add a new column to an existing table, you have three options:
– Make it NOT NULL, in which case you must supply a value to insert into the
column for every row using the WITH DEFAULT clause.
– Make the column NULL capable, in which case the DBMS will insert NULL
values into the columns
– Make it NULL capable and give it a default value

15
Constraint Unit Testing

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