HISTORY OF ARNIS

MODULE 3 HOPE 2
PREPARED BY: GROUP 2 (ABEAR’S GROUP)
WHAT IS IT?

This martial art originated in the Philippines. The primary weapon used in

this traditional martial art is the cane or baton. It also involves hand to hand

combat, grappling, and weapons disarming.

Arnis was developed by the indigenous populations of the Philippines who

used an assorted range of weaponry for combat and self-defense. Arnis is otherwise

known as eskrima, kali and garrote, and by even more names in different Filipino

regional languages. Encompassing both simple impact and edged weapons, arnis
traditionally involved rattan, swords, daggers and spears.
WHAT IS IT?

In 1521, equipped with nothing more than bladed weapons and their

fearsome arnis abilities, Filipino islanders defeated Ferdinand Magellan’s armored,

musket-bearing Spanish conquistador forces when they tried to invade.

When the Spanish eventually returned and successfully conquered parts of

the Philippines, the traditions of arnis were preserved, despite its prohibition, in

the forms of ritual dance, performance and mock battles. While earlier Filipino

martial arts were influenced by Spanish colonization, the modern forms have been

affected by the country’s contact with both the United States and Japan after

gaining independence in 1898. Just over a century later, in 2009, the government

of the Philippines declared arnis to be the martial art and national sport of the

Philippines.
WHAT IS IT?

It is a Filipino Martial art that can be performed individually or with a

partner. Using a single stick or a pair of sticks for striking and blocking. It was

founded by Remy Presas and he used it as a self-defense system. Nowadays it is

considered as one of the events in Palarong Pambansa wherein Anyo is one of the

popular one. It is a combination of pre-arranged or choreographed striking,

blocking and body shifting techniques.
WHAT IS IT?

Different styles of arnis are now being practiced all over the world. Although

not as popular as other oriental martial arts, it is highly respected for its

practicality and effectiveness in terms of self-defense and combat. In recent South

East Asean Game 2019 the Philippine Arnis team wrapped up 14 gold medals that
made them the champion.
WHAT IS IT?

Since Arnis began to develop an accessible story of Filipino cultural heritage,

Senator Juan Miguel “Migz” Zubiri authored and spearheaded the law declaring

Arnis as the national sport of the country which at that time was recently approved

and signed by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo into law. Today, the governing

body of Arnis in the Philippines is the PEKAF Philippine Eskrima Kali Arnis

Federation and the Chairman is Senator Juan Miguel Zubiri.

EQUIPMENT
THE GAME IS PLAYED BY USING PRESCRIBED PADDED STICK IN DELIVERING ARTISTIC

AND LEGAL BLOWS, STRIKES, THRUSTS, AND DISARMING THE OPPONENT TO GAIN SCORES. HERE

ARE THE EQUIPMENT, FACILITIES AND TERMINOLOGIES

NEEDED IN PLAYING ARNIS.

Wooden Stick-made of rattan and

measures not less than 60 cm and not

more than 90 cm in length with a

diameter of not less than 1.3 cm and

not more than 3.8 cm. It must not have

sharp edges or pointed ends.
Foam- cushion material- should be
foaming the padded sticks and shall
have a maximum grip diameter not
greater than 3.81 cm. for competition
use.

Head Protector- refers to a pair of protective

head gear to include an impact-worthy face
mask.
Body Protector- refers to a pair of body protector, properly

cushioned to avoid injuries and the specifications shall be

according to the i-ARNIS.

• Groin and Body Protector- to avoid injuries and the

specification shall be according to the i-ARNIS.

• Forearm and chin guards- a compulsory to also avoid severe

injuries while having a fight or competition.
FACILITY

Playing Area- A square measuring 8.0 meters by 8.0 meters with a two (2)

meters minimum free zone around it, and a clear space without any
obstruction up to a height of not less than 5 meters from the playing surface.
 BENEFITS OF ARNIS TO A PERSON

1. Arnis is an effective self-defense.

2. Arnis contributes to the development of physical fitness.

3. Arnis develops mental qualities such as alertness and precision.

4. Arnis cultivates desirable character traits such as alertness and precision.

5. Arnis develops mental strength and courage that allows someone to face

danger and pain.

6. Arnis develop the virtue of perseverance to the highest decree.
TERMINOLOGIES:
Arnisador- practitioners of Arnis

 Butt- punyo of the stick closer to the handle

 Dagger – Daga

 Distance (Long Range) – Largo

 Distance (Medium Range) – Medio

 Distance (Short Range) – Corto

 Goodbye – Paalam

 Grappling or Wrestling – Dumog

 Grip- the way on how to hold the stick

 Handle/grip of weapon – Puño

 Hello – Mabuhay (or) Kumusta

 How are you? – Kumusta?

 TERMINOLOGIES:
Instructor – Guro

 Machete – Bolo

 Poke – Tusok

 Ready position- Handa

 Respect – Pugay (form of salutation/greeting between practitioners)

 Stab or Thrust – Saksak

 Stick (Single) – Solo Baston

 Stick (Double) – Doble Baston

 Stick Weapon – Yantok

 Sword – Espada

 Sword and Dagger – Espada y Daga

 Thank You – Salamat

 Unarmed Combat – Mano Y Mano

 You Are Welcome – Walang Anuman

 Weaving (Weapon Movement) – Sinawali

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS

Grip: Proper hold of the stick

Hold the stick one fist away from the punyo (butt) of the stick. Close the grip with

the thumb.

Basic Stance and Salutations:

Starting with the ready stance, move one foot about two feet (2’) to the left or the

right direction until both lower legs are almost perpendicular to the ground. Both

toes are pointing in front, the waist and the body is facing forward. The body
should not be too low or extended otherwise it will be hard to maneuver.
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS:

Ready Stance/ Handa

Stand with your feet apart parallel to the shoulder with both
toes pointing forward. The knees should be straight, the
waist and the body facing forward. Hands are on waist level
and the hands should hold the sticks on both sides. The
ready stance is commonly used when standing at ease during
training or tournaments.
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
Attention Stance
Stand with your feet forming a 45-degree angle. Heels should be
close to each
other, knees should be straight, the waist and body facing forward.
Shoulders
are dropped to the side and both hands are at waist level. The
Attention Stance is
commonly used in preparation for courtesy or “bowing” at
commencement of
sparring.
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS:

Forward Stance - Starting with the ready stance, move one foot forward until the knee and the toe
are in line with each other. Both toes are pointing in front, the waist and the body is facing forward.
The body should not be too low or the lead foot too extended otherwise it will be hard to manoeuvre.
Distribute the weight or center of gravity to both legs. Forward stances can be right foot lead, which is
the Right Foot Forward Stance or it can be left foot lead which is Left Foot Forward Stance. Forward
Stance is commonly used with frontal striking or blocking techniques.
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS:

Oblique Stance Starting with the ready stance, move one foot
forward 45 degrees away from the body until the knee and the
toe are in line witheach other. Move on the same direction as
the lead foot (e.g. For right foot lead, move 45 degrees
forward to the right). Both toes are pointing in front, the waist
and the body is facing forward. The body should not be too
low or the lead foot too extended otherwise it will be hard to
maneuver. Distribute the weight or center of gravity to both
legs. Oblique stances can be right foot lead, which is the
Right Foot Oblique Stance or it can be left foot lead which is
Left Foot Oblique Stance. Oblique Stances are commonly
used for forward blocking and evasion techniques.
FUNDAMENTALS SKILLS:
THE 12 STRIKING
THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IN PRACTICING THE 12 STRIKES IS TO PRACTICE IT CONTINUOUSLY
AND REPEATEDLY, BEING CONSCIOUS OF THE TARGET, STANCE, FOOTWORK, AND BODY
MOVEMENTS. REPEATING THE 12 BASIC STRIKES HELP BUILD RETENTION, MUSCLE MEMORY
AND MUSCLE CONDITIONING.
TYPES OF ARNIS COMPETITIONS

ANYO or FORM – A combination of pre-

arranged or

choreographed striking, blocking and body

shifting
techniques and blocking techniques to create a
three minute single stick anyo.
TYPES OF ARNIS COMPETITIONS

LABAN or FULL COMBAT – players are

required to strike their opponents’

different body parts with one baton.

Unlike other combative sports, arnis

does not usually require any body

contact between each player aside from

the batons that they are holding.