Lesson 2 – Performing

Computer Operations
Here is where your presentation begins
 Contents of this template
This module covers the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to
perform computer operations which include inputting, accessing,
producing, and transferring data using the appropriate hardware and
software.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Input data into computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Id-e-5)
2. Access information using computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ie-f-6)
3. Produce output/data using computer system (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-If-7)
4. Use basic functions of a www-browser to locate information
(TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ig-h-8)
 The Computer System
Activity – “Word Codes”
Computers are found in many places. Find out
what these places are by decoding the words
below. Do this by writing the letter of the
alphabet that comes after each given letter.
Use A as the letter after Z.

Example: 1. khaqzqx = library

1. Rgno = ____
2. neehbd = ______
3. rsnqd = _____
4. ezbsnqx = _______
5. gnld = ____
 The Computer and Its Types
A computer is an electronic machine that processes and stores information. It
takes in raw information using input devices, stores in the memory until it is
ready to be processed in the processing unit and sends out results using
output devices.
 The Computer and Its Types
Computers are classified into four (4) different types based on its processing
power and size:
 THE TYPES OF COMPUTERS

1. Supercomputer is the fastest and most powerful computer

in terms of performance and data processing. It uses its
power to run one program at a time. Used in: Research and
exploration, Weather forecasting Nuclear, weapon testing
 THE TYPES OF COMPUTERS

2. Mainframe computer is not as powerful as the supercomputer. It is

designed to run multiple programs concurrently. It is commonly used in:
Banks, Educational Institution, Insurance companies
 THE TYPES OF COMPUTERS
3. Minicomputer, also known as “Midrange” computer fill the space
between the mainframe and microcomputer. It is smaller than
Supercomputer or Mainframe computer but bigger and more powerful
than the microcomputer. They are generally used as mid-range servers.
Some of its uses are as: Data Management device, Communications Portal,
Process Control
 THE TYPES OF COMPUTERS
4. Microcomputer is the most widely used computer – desktop, laptops, tablets, and
smartphones. It is the cheapest among the different classes of computers. This
computer is design for general usage such as entertainment, education and work
purposes.
The Elements of
Computer system
A computer system is a collection of entities that
are designed to receive, process, manage, and
present information in a meaningful format. It has 3
elements that will make a computer really useful.
The Elements of Computer system
 Hardware
1. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and devices
which provides support for major functions such as input, process, output and
storage.
 Hardware – Input Device
A. INPUT DEVICES are composed of a device that accepts data and instructions
from the user or from another computer system.
 Hardware – Input Device

A.1. Keyboard
A computer keyboard is an input device used to enter characters
and functions into the computer system by pressing buttons, or
keys. It is the primary device used to enter text.

A.2. Mouse
The mouse is another input device used to point and select objects
on the computer monitor. Using the mouse and keyboard in
combination allows the computer user substantial latitude in how to
accomplish a wide variety of tasks.
 Hardware – Input Device

A.3. Scanner

A scanner is use to capture a source document and converts printed

data or images into an electronic data format that a computer can
store or process as required. 10

A.4. Microphone
Microphone is used to input sound that is then stored in a digital
form. It is used for various applications such as adding sound to a
multimedia presentation or for mixing music
 Hardware – Output Device
B. OUTPUT DEVICE is any piece of computer hardware that
displays results after the computer has processed the input data
that has been entered.
 Hardware – Output Device
B.1. Monitor
A monitor is an electronic visual computer display that includes a screen,
circuitry, and the case in which that circuitry is enclosed.

B.2. Printer
The printer is a device use to print texts and pictures.

B.3. Speaker
A computer speaker is an output hardware device that produces sound.

B.4. Projector
A projector is an output device that projects an image onto a large surface,
such as a white screen or wall.
 Hardware – Process Device

C. PROCESS DEVICE is the computer’s circuitry in the system unit.

It plays an important role in processing operations. It is used to
process data, using instructions from the program.

C.1. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board – is the main

circuit board of a computer. It contains all the circuits and
components that run the computer.
 Hardware – Process Device
C.2. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main
“brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the
instructions and calculations that are needed and manages the flow
of information through a computer.
C.3. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it
holds data only when the power is on. When the power is off, RAM's
contents are lost.
C.4. Video Card/GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) - also called a
display card, graphics card, display adapter, or graphics adapter is
an expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a
display device (such as a computer monitor).
 System Unit
The system unit, also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main
part of a desktop computer. It encloses the motherboard, CPU,
RAM, video card, and other internal components.
 System Unit
Other Internal Components of the System Unit

a. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC case,
next to the motherboard. It converts 220/110vac (standard house power)
into DC voltages that are used by other components in the PC.

b. Heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) - is a passive heat

exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a
mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where
it is dissipated away from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the
device's temperature.
 System Unit
Other Internal Components of the System Unit

c. Optical Drive - An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to

read data on the optical media. There are three types of optical drives:
Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).
 System Unit
Storage Devices
D. STORAGE DEVICE stores data and programs. These hold data,
information, and programs permanently.
 System Unit
Storage Devices

D.1. Magnetic Storage

D.1.1. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - also known as hard drive, is a
magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer. The
hard drive is used as permanent storage for data.
 System Unit
Storage Devices
D.1. Magnetic Storage

D.1.2. Floppy Disk - is a removable data storage magnetic medium

that housed in a rigid plastic cartridge measuring 3.5 inches square
and about 2millimeters thick. Also called a "3.5-inch diskette," it can
store up to 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data.
 System Unit
Storage Devices

D.2. Optical Storage

D.2.1. BD (Blu-ray Disc) – is simply called as Blu-Ray, a digital

optical disc data storage format. It was designed to supersede the
DVD format, and is capable of storing several hours of video in high
definition.
 System Unit
Storage Devices

D.2. Optical Storage

D.2.2. CD (Compact Disc) - also called optical disc is a

nonmagnetic, polished metal disk used to store digital information.
The disc is read by the CD- ROM.
 System Unit
Storage Devices

D.2. Optical Storage

D.2.3. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) - an optical disc technology with
a 4.7 gigabyte storage capacity on a single-sided, one-layered disk,
which is enough for a 133-minute movie.
 System Unit
Storage Devices
D.3. Flash Memory

D.3.1. Solid State Drive – is a storage medium that uses non-

volatile memory.
 System Unit
Storage Devices
D.3. Flash Memory

D.3.2. Memory Card – is a solid-state electronic flash memory data

storage device used with digital cameras, handheld and
tablet/mobile computers and other electronics
 System Unit
Storage Devices
D.3. Flash Memory

D.3.2. Memory Card – is a solid-state electronic flash memory data

storage device used with digital cameras, handheld and
tablet/mobile computers and other electronics
 System Unit
Storage Devices
D.3. Flash Memory

D.3.3. USB flash drive - is a plug-and-play portable storage device

that uses flash memory and is lightweight enough to attach to a key
chain. A USB drive can be used in place of a floppy disk, Zip drive
disk, or CD.
 Softwares
2. Software – this term refers to the collection of electronic
instructions that tells the computer what to do. It is a computer
program that is installed in your computer. The diagram below
shows the classification of software.
 Softwares
Kinds of Computer Software

A.1. Operating System – is the program that, after being initially loaded into
computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer.
Examples– Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Ubuntu
 Softwares
Kinds of Computer Software

A.2. Utility Programs – are small, powerful programs with a limited

capability, they are usually operated by the user to maintain a smooth
running of the computer system.
 Softwares
Kinds of Computer Software

3. Peopleware – the most important element of a

computer system is its users. The following types of people interact
with a computer system:
a. System Analysts - are people who design the operation
and processing of the system
b. System Programmers – are people who write codes and
programs to implement the working of the system.
c. System Operators – are people who operate the system
and use it for different purposes. Also called the end users
like students, teachers, and other professionals.
 How the computer works?
Data become information when these have been arranged or organized to
be of use and to have meaning to the user.

INPUT – in this step, data are entered into the computer through input
devices, such as keyboard and mouse.
PROCESS – is the computer’s method of analyzing, managing, or
manipulating data. The data entered into the computer undergo changes.
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) directs the operation of the input and
output devices to create the needed information.
OUTPUT – You get the output once the computer is finished processing the
data. It could be displayed on the monitor, printed on paper, or heard
through speakers.
 How the computer works?
STORAGE – The processed data are kept for future use. We use
Hard Disk Drive to store the information.
 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

1. Microsoft Office Application – is a package application developed by Microsoft

and is intended to be used in offices and schools.
a. MS Word – A word processing application used for creating documents such as
letters, brochures, activity programs, and learning activities. rive to store the
information.
 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

b. MS Excel – is a spreadsheet program ideal for entering, calculating,

and analyzing numeric data such as sales figures, sales taxes, and
students’ grades.
 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

c. MS PowerPoint – is a presentation tool that uses graphical approach

to presentation in the form of slides. Its primary function is to help a
presenter deliver its presentation effectively.
numeric data such as sales figures, sales taxes, and
students’ grades.
 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

2. Photo Editing Software – is commonly used in editing and enhancing

photos that would give you an excellent output.
 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

3. Video Editing Software – is used to edit movies or video clips.

 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

4. Web Browsers – is an application used to access information on the

World Wide Web. Web browsers interpret and display HTML web pages,
applications, JavaScript, and other content hosted on web servers in the
form of text, pictures, audio, and video.
 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

Search Engine is a program that enables the users to search for

documents or information on the World Wide Web.

How to search information on the World Wide Web?

1. Click a browser that you want to use – Chrome, Firefox or Edge
2. Type the search engine that you want to use in the web browser’s
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and press the Enter key.
 Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

*To bookmark a page, just click the star icon on the right side of the
browser.
3. Use the search tab or the address bar of your search engine to find
information on the web.

When searching for an information on the web, the results are categorized
– All, Images, Videos, Maps, News, More,
Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties
Activities
 1- Name Game
Directions: Name the following computer hardware & software.
Write your answer on your paper

1.__________________
 Activity 1- Name Game
Directions: Name the following computer hardware & software.
Write your answer on your paper

2.__________________
 1- Name Game
Directions: Name the following computer hardware & software.
Write your answer on your paper

3.__________________
 1- Name Game
Directions: Name the following computer hardware & software.
Write your answer on your paper

4.__________________
 1- Name Game
Directions: Name the following computer hardware & software.
Write your answer on your paper

5.__________________
 Activity 2- Name Game
Directions: Classify the following devices. Write ID for input device, PD
for process device, OD for output device and SD for storage device.
Write your answer on your TLE CSS activity notebook.
___________ 1. Mouse
___________ 2. Printer
___________ 3. Monitor
___________ 4. USB Flash Drive
___________ 5. Speaker
___________ 6. Hard Disk Drive
___________ 7. Keyboard
___________ 8. SSD
___________ 9. Scanner
___________ 10. GPU
Quiz Time
Get ½ Crosswise and
answer the following
questions
 Quiz
Test I. TRUE or FALSE
Instructions: Read the statements carefully then write TRUE if the statement is
correct and write FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answer in your paper
_______1. In this digital world, having the knowledge and
skills in computer servicing is the start and most
fundamental of all.
_______2. The computer system is a collection of entities
like hardware, software and electricity.
_______3. The system unit is the main part of a desktop
computer.
_______4. Software refers to the collection of electronic
instructions that tells the computer what to do.
________5. Make sure the pins are misaligned when
connecting a cable connector.
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

6. The numbers, letters, and symbols that you enter

into the computer are called _____________.
A. Data C. Facts
B. Knowledge D. Information
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

7. The computer takes data and works on them. This

is called _________
A. Input C. Processing
B. Output D. Storage
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

8. The part of the computer that processes data is

the _______________
A. Mouse C. Printer
B. Keyboard D. CPU
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

9. When the computer finished processing data. You

get _____________
A. Input C. Data
B. Output D. Numbers
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

10. Information produced by the computer can be

stored on ____________
A. Hard Disk C. Mouse
B. Monitor D. Keyboard
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

11. ___________ is an electronic machine that

processes information.
A. Computer C. Video Card
B. Motherboard D. Peopleware
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

12. ____________ is the main circuitry board of the

computer.
A. Keyboard C. Power Supply
B. Motherboard D. System Fan
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

13. ____________ is the brain of the computer.

A. CPU C. HDD
B. RAM D. FDD
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

14. ___________ is the primary storage of the

computer.
A. RAM C. HDD
B. CPU D. SSD
 Quiz
Test II. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

15. An application use to access information on the

World Wide Web.
A. MS Word C. Web Browser
B. Windows Defender D. Search Engine