Chapter 2.

Leadership
Attributes
,
Leadership - A vital management function that helps to direct
an organization's resources for improved efficiency and the
achievement of goals.

• Great leaders understand that the right attitude will set the right
atmosphere.
• Leaders' attitudes may influence teams' thoughts/behavior.
• Leaders should model the behavior that they want to see in team
members.
• Leaders with a positive attitude knowing that there is always
more to learn/space to grow
 Leaders do not command excellence; they build
excellence
Excellence is “being all you can be” within the bounds of doing
what is right for your organization

• be a leader of good character

- Excellence starts with leaders of good and strong characters
who engage in the entire process of leadership

Character develops over time. But, it is safe to claim that

character does not change quickly
 A person's observable behavior is an indication of his or her
character. This behavior can be strong or weak, good or bad

An organization needs leaders with both strong and good characteristics. A

person who will guide them to the future and show that they can be trusted.
Person with strong character shows drive, energy, determination, self-discipline,
willpower, and nerve.
• He/She sees what he/she wants and goes after it.
• He/She attracts followers.
Person with a weak character shows none of these traits.
• He/She does not know what he/she wants.
• His/Her traits are disorganized;
• he/she hesitates and is inconsistent.
• He/She will attract no followers.
 Attributes
Attributes establish what leaders are, and every leader needs at
least three of them (U.S. Army Handbook, 1973)

• Standard-Bearers
- Establish the ethical framework within an organization. This
demands a commitment to live and defend the climate and culture
that you want to permeate your organization.
- A standard-bearer creates trust and openness in your
followers, who in turn, fulfill your visions
• Developers
- Help others learn through teaching, training, and coaching. This creates
an exciting place to work and learn.
- Never miss an opportunity to teach or learn something new yourself.
Followers who work for leaders who develop them know that they can take
risks, learn by making mistakes, and win in the end
• Integrators
- Orchestrate the many activities that take place throughout an organization
by providing a view of the future and the ability to obtain it.
- Success can only be achieved when there is a unity of effort.
- Integrators have a sixth sense of where problems will occur and they know
that their followers do their best
SIGNIFICANCE OF SELF-CONTROL IN LEADERSHIP

“He who is slow to anger is better than the mighty and he who
rules his spirit, than he who captures a city. ”
Proverbs 16:32

For leadership the same principle holds true.

The more power a leader has, the greater the confidence,
influence, and respect people will have for him.
 LEADERSHIP TRAITS
A good leader has a futuristic vision and knows how to turn his vision
into success whether you’re just starting as
a leader, or have been leading for a while
The role of a manager or boss transcends productive and efficient
leaders. It may seem as if some people are born with leadership skills, but
with time and practice the reality is most leadership characteristics can be
trained, adopted, and strengthened.
 Important qualities of leadership, that separate good leaders
from bad ones

• 1. Honesty and Integrity

You can’t expect your followers to be honest when you lack integrity yourself. Honest
leader succeeds when they stick to their word, live by their core values, lead by
example, and follow through.

Integrity is the cornerstone of all other leadership qualities

Things to look for in people with integrity, including:
o Apologizing for mistakes
o Highlighting the work of their employees and
downplaying their own contributions
o Being appreciative of people’s time
• 2. Confidence
To be an effective leader, you should be confident enough to ensure that others
follow your commands. As a leader, you must be radiating with confidence, and
display some assertiveness to gain the respect of your subordinates.

• 3. Inspire Others
The most difficult job for a leader is to persuade others to follow.
- Inspire your followers by setting a good example.
If you are successful in inspiring your subordinates, you can easily overcome any
current and future challenge.
• 4. Commitment and Passion
Your teams look up to you and if you want them to give them their all, you will
have to be passionate about it too. If they feel that you are not fully committed or
lack passion, then it would be an uphill task for you as the leader to motivate your
followers to achieve the goal.
Commitment-
passion -

• 5. Good Communicator
- As a leader you must clearly communicate your vision to your team and tell
them the strategy to achieve the goal
- A good communicator can be a good leader.
- Words have the power to motivate people and make them do the unthinkable.
• 6. Decision-Making Capabilities
- A leader should have the ability to take the right decision at the right time
- A leader should think long and hard before taking a decision but once the decision is
taken, stand by it.

• 7. Accountability
“A good leader takes little more than his share of the blame and
littleless than his share of the credit.” -Arnold H. Glasow
- Make that every one of your subordinates is accountable for what they are doing.

• 8. Delegation and Empowerment

- Empower and delegate the duties to your follower.
- A leader to focus on key responsibilities while leaving the rest to others.
• 9. Creativity and Innovation
a leader must be creative and innovative at the same time.Think out of the box to come up with
unique ideas and turn those ideas and goals into reality
• 10. Empathy
Leaders should develop empathy with their followers. Understanding the problems of your
followers and feeling their pain is the first step to becoming an effective leader.
• 11. Resilience
When the going gets tough, the tough get going. While most people are busy complaining about the
problems, great leaders always focus on solutions, not the problems
• 12. Emotional Intelligence
Good leaders always have a higher influence. They do this by connecting with people emotionally.
Reasons why a leader should be emotionally intelligent :
o Manage emotions effectively
o Better social awareness
o Seamless communications
o Conflict Resolution
• 13. Humility
A good leader is always selfless and always thinks about his or her followers.

• 14. Transparency
One of the best ways to win the trust of your followers is by being
transparent. By giving visibility to your followers, they will buy into your
vision and support you with conviction in achieving the goal.

• 15. Vision and Purpose

Good leaders always have a
vision and purpose.
 ETHOS IN LEADERSHIP
• Ethos is the spirit and moral nature of a community or individual. forms
the guiding beliefs of the person or community, which in turn, builds the
codes of ethics that guide the community or organization in its behavior.

• Greek word for the character, which is the trustworthiness or credibility of

a person

-If the leaders' ethos is of

good character, it builds
esprit de corps (moral);
if it is bad, morale suffers.
 Ethics in Leadership
• Ethics is about the types of values and morals that a person or a
community finds acceptable or necessary.
• Ethics is concerned With the morality and actions of individuals.

• Ethically leading leaders are role models, promoting the value of

ethical standards, keeping their people accountable for those principles,
and crucially-designing environments in which others work and live.

• Ethical leadership is leadership motivated by respect for ethical

beliefs and values, and other people’s integrity and rights (Watts, 2008); It
is therefore related to values such as honesty, sincerity, care, beauty, and
fairness (Brown, M. et a1, 2005).
 The Warrior Ethos
Defined Police Ethos
-The embodiment of the warrior spirit and virtues -
courage, honor, loyalty, integrity, duty,
respect, and service.

Major David Buckingham, "warrior distinctive":

• Discipline: the controlled behavior resulting from training and a state of order based on
submission to rules and authority.
• Cohesion: the process of two or more elements cohering and the result of two or more
elements that are held together.
• Sacrifice: The willingness to give up a part or all of one's self to others or to a cause.
• Strength: The ability to resist stress or strain.
• Authority: The right or power to give commands, enforce obedience, or take action.
Authority may be legal or moral.
 HOW TO BECOME AN ETHICAL LEADER?
a. Define and Align Your Values
Consider the morals you were raised with: “treat others how you want to be
treated” 0r “always say thank you,” 0r “help those who are struggling,”
b. Champion the Importance of Ethics
An ethical leader’s job is to focus on the overall significance of ethics. As an ethical
leader, educating peers about ethics is crucial, particularly in cases where they face
an ethical issue at work.
c. Promote Open Communication
Be open with every decision you make, and seek input from your team.Collecting
input from your team will help you improve as a leader and will push the
organization forward.
Good ethical practitioners tend to be good communicators.
Communicating with each member of the team is an ethical leader’s task. Creating
camaraderie with your team is vital to the leaders.
d. Beware of Bias
Leaders need to look at themselves
and be honest in fact having prejudices
that can interfere with the feeling of
ease at the work of another person.

e. Lead By Example
Leading by example is a noble attribute of a leader. The best way to ensure an
ethical organization is to lead by example.

f. Find Your Role Models

In history, there are many leaders, doing a little study of strong, powerful
leaders, and trying to identify what they are doing well. Then incorporate it into
their own style of leadership.
g. Care for Yourself So You Can Care for Others
“You can’t pour from an empty cup.”
The cornerstone for strongleadership is to have a calm and
competent disposition. This can be done by ensuring that you, as
a person, are focused on fulfilling your own needs such as sleep,
nutrition, and a true relationship with loved ones.

The leader who is happy and satisfied with life leeks peace and
fulfillment for those they lead.
 The five principles of Ethical Leadership
Ethics has to be right at the core
of each leader. If you don’t have it,
you are not fit enough to be a leader.
Respects others
Serves others
Shows justice
Manifest honesty
Build community
a. Ethical Leaders Respect Others
Respect means that a leader listens closely to followers, is empathic, and is
tolerant of opposing points of view.
Every individual needs to value the differences between each individual
and bear in mind that everyone is superior to others in some way.
b. Ethical Leaders Serve others
A leader’s altruistic behavior.
Altruistic - the act of showing selfless concern for the weell-being of others.
Ethical leaders have a deep understanding of each individual and make
decisions pertaining to them that are beneficial and not harmful to their welfare.

c. Ethical Leaders are Just

Ethical leaders make fairness and justice a top priority to treat all of the team
members in an equal manner. Equality is the core basis of any social group.
“Do unto others as you would have
them do unto you”.
d. Ethical Leaders are Honest
Honesty is easier understood by understanding the opposite which is dishonesty.
Dishonesty is a form of lying, a way of misinterpreting reality. Honesty is not
only about saying the truth but also about being open.
Leaders have to be mature enough to handle information.
o Not promising what you can deliver
o Not hiding behind spin-doctored evasions
o Not suppressing obligations
o Not evading accountability
o Not accepting that the ‘survival of the fittest’ pressures of business release any of us
from the responsibility to respect another’s dignity and humanity
e. Ethical Leaders Build Community
Leadership is a process whereby an individual influence a group of individuals to
achieve a common goal. Defining the common goals requires the involvement of the
entire community as these goals need to be compatible with everyone.
An ethical leader is concerned with the common good, in the broadest sense.