TYPES OF

QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
Quarter 1-Lesson 3
 OBJECTIVES

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1.Differentiate Experimental from Non Experimental

Research.
2.Identify and describe types of Experimental Research.
3.Identify and describe types of Non Experimental Research.
 TYPES OF
QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
(Research Designs)
 QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
DESIGNS

NON
EXPERIMENTAL
EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH
RESEARCH

TRUE DESCRIPTIVE
EXPERIMENTAL

SURVEY
QUASI
EXPERIMENTAL
CORRELATIONAL

PRE
EXPERIMENTAL COMPARATIVE
 LESSON 3.1
Experimental Research
It is used to identify “cause and effect
relationship between variables”. In
Experimental Research, the researcher is
allowed to do manipulation of variables. The
subjects/participants in this study are
randomly or non randomly selected. It is also
called “Scientific Research”.
 Kinds of EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH

Pre Experimental Quasi Experimental

True Experimental
 Pre Experimental
Research Design

Pre-experimental designs are research schemes in which a subject

or a group is observed after a treatment has been applied, in order
to test whether the treatment has the potential to cause change.

Types of Pre-Experimental Design

• One-shot case study design
• One-group pretest-posttest design
 Types of Pre Experimental
Research Design

1. One-shot case study design

● A single group is studied at a single point in time after some
treatment that is presumed to have caused change. The carefully
studied single instance is compared to general expectations of what
the case would have looked like had the treatment not occurred and
to other events casually observed. No control or comparison group
is employed.
ONE-SHOT CASE STUDY DESIGN
 Types of Pre Experimental
Research Design

2. One-group pretest-posttest design

● A single case is observed at two time points, one before the
treatment and one after the treatment. Changes in the outcome of
interest are presumed to be the result of the intervention or
treatment. No control or comparison group is employed.
ONE-GROUP PRETEST-POSTTEST DESIGN
 True Experimental
Research Design
In a true experiment, the effect of an intervention is tested by
comparing two groups. One group is exposed to the intervention
(the treatment group) and the other is not exposed to the
intervention (the control group). Subjects are RANDOMLY
assigned either to the treatment or the control group.
 Types of True Experimental
Research Design
1. PRE-TEST-POST-TEST DESIGN
All participants are assessed at the beginning of the study, the intervention is
presented to the treatment group but not the control, and then all individuals are
measured again.

The presence of the control group allows the researcher to identify any preexisting
disparities between the groups and thus to more definitely attribute differences between the
pre- and posttest scores to the treatment of interest. Also called before–after design; pre–
post design.
PRE-TEST-POST-TEST DESIGN
 Types of True Experimental
Research Design
2. POSTTEST ONLY DESIGN
The posttest-only control group design is a basic experimental design
where participants get randomly assigned to either receive an intervention or
not, and then the outcome of interest is measured only once after the
intervention takes place in order to determine its effect.
POSTTEST ONLY DESIGN
 Types of True Experimental
Research Design

3. SOLOMON FOUR GROUP DESIGN

It is the combination of pretest-posttest design and posttest only design. It
is considered the most reliable experimental design since four groups are
randomly formed.
SOLOMON FOUR GROUP DESIGN
 Quasi Experimental
Research Design

Like a true experiment, a quasi-experimental design aims to

establish a cause-and-effect relationship between an independent
and dependent variable. However, unlike a true experiment, a
quasi-experiment does not rely on random assignment. Instead,
subjects are assigned to groups based on non-random criteria.
 Types of Quasi Experimental
Research Design

1. Non-Equivalent Control Group Design

Similar to pretest-posttest design under True Experimental

Research, only that, the subjects are not randomly selected.
NON-EQUIVALENT CONTROL GROUP DESIGN

PARTICIPANTS
 Types of Quasi Experimental
Research Design
2. TIME SERIES DESIGN

A type of quasi-experimental design where a series of

periodic measurements is taken from one group of test units,
followed by a treatment, then another series of
measurements.
TIME SERIES DESIGN
 LESSON 3.2
Non Experimental Research
It does not involve any manipulation of
variables. In this research design, the
researcher observes and collects data as
the phenomena occur naturally. It is
called DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
DESIGN.
Types of Descriptive Research Design

1. SURVEY RESEARCH

It is used when the researcher needs to provide a

quantitative description of a population’s trend,
attitudes, behavior or opinions.
 Types of Descriptive Research Design
2. CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH

It is used to determine the magnitude and direction of

relationships among variables in a population.

Example: The researcher wants to determine of there is a

correlation between parent’s educational attainment to
students’ academic performance.
 Types of Descriptive Research Design

3. COMPARATIVE RESEARCH

It is used to compare and contrast representative samples from

two or more groups of subjects in relation.

Example: A comparative study of COVID 19 patient survival

rate using Drug A and Drug B.
 QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
DESIGNS

NON
EXPERIMENTAL
EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH
RESEARCH

PRE TRUE QUASI

EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTIVE

One Shot Case Pre Test Post Test Non Equivalent

Study Design Control Group SURVEY

One Group Pre Test Post Test Only

Post Test Design
Time Series Design CORRELATIONAL

Solomon Four
Group Design
COMPARATIVE