FINDING THE AREA UNDER

THE NORMAL CURVE

SAS Mathematics Faculty

 OBJECTIVES
1. Give the different characteristics of a
normal distribution.
2. Find the area under the normal curve.
3. Find the given percentile of a normal
distribution.
 OBJECTIVES
4. Determine the percentile rank of the
given scores.
5. Determine the percentage scores of
the given population such that it is
lower/greater than the given scores.
 NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
Normal Distribution (z-distribution)
• Continuous probability distribution
• Uses interval or ratio level of measurement
 The Normal Distribution is a
unique arrangement of values
in that if the values are
graphed, the curve takes a
distinct bell-shaped and
symmetrical form.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
1. The curve is continuous.
2. The curve is bell-shaped.
3. The curve is symmetrical about the
mean.
4. The mean, median, and mode are
located at the center of the distribution
and are equal to each other.
5. The curve is unimodal.
6. The curve never touches the x-axis
(asymptote).
7. The total area under the normal
curve is equal to 1.
1. The curve is continuous.
2. The curve is bell-shaped.
3. The curve is symmetrical about the
mean.
4. The mean, median, and mode are
located at the center of the distribution
and are equal to each other.
5. The curve is unimodal.
6. The curve never touches the x-axis
(asymptote).
6. The total area under the normal
curve is equal to 1.
The Standard Normal Distribution
• Same as the Normal distribution, including the properties
EXCEPT
and
The Standard Normal Distribution
• Same as the Normal distribution, including the properties
EXCEPT
and
The Standard Normal Distribution
• Same as the Normal distribution, including the properties
EXCEPT
and
Examples
  

     
 
 
   

Shapes remain
   

The shape flatten

  
 

They center at different positions. The curve

on the left is flatter and spread out than of
the right.
FINDING THE AREA
UNDER THE NORMAL
CURVE
Finding Areas under the Normal Curve
• Concept of probability will be used:
• Table of Areas under the Normal Curve will be used
• Three things to remember when using the z-distribution
• Draw the bell-shaped curve
• Shade the appropriate area
• Solve using the Table of Areas under the Normal Curve
Table of Areas under the Normal Curve
Finding Areas - Examples
1.
Finding Areas - Examples
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Finding Areas - Examples
1.
Finding Areas - Examples
1. 2.
Finding Areas - Examples
1. 2.
Finding Areas - Examples
1. 2.
Finding Areas - Examples
Finding Areas - Examples
Finding Areas - Examples
Finding Areas - Examples
Finding Areas - Examples

0.5 + 0.2123
Finding Areas - Examples

0.5 + 0.2123
Finding Areas - Examples
3. 4.

0.5 + 0.2123
Finding Areas - Examples
3. 4.

0.5 + 0.2123
Finding Areas - Examples
3. 4.

0.5 + 0.2123 0.4846 + ? = 0.5000

Finding Areas - Examples
3. 4.

0.5 + 0.2123 0.4846 + ? = 0.5000

 Find the area between z = 0 and z =
1.54

STEP 1: Draw
the normal curve

STEP 2: Locate
the area for
z = 1.54 Answer: 0.4382
 Examples:
Determine the area
under the normal
curve

1. Between 0 and
z = 1.96
1.96 = 0.4750

A = 0.4750
 Determine the
area under the
normal curve

2. Between
z = -1.53 and 0
-1.53 = 0.4370

A = 0.4370
 Determine the area
under the normal
curve
3. Between z = -2.12
and z = 1.84
-2.12 = 0.4830
1.84=0.4671
A = 0.4830 + 0.4671

A = 0.9501
 Determine the area
under the normal curve
4. Between z = 1.05 and
Z = 2.96
1.05 = 0.3513 2.96
= 0.4985
A = 0.4985 – 0.3513

A = 0.1472
 Determine the area
under the normal
curve
5. To the right of
z = 0.71
0.71 = 0.2611
A = 0.5 – 0.2611

A = 0.2389
 Determine the area
under the normal
curve
6. To the left of
z = -2.12
- 2.12 = 0.4830
A = 0.5 – 0.4830

A = 0.0170
PERCENTILES
Is a point in the distribution such
that a given number of cases is
below it.
Is a measure of relative standing.
It is a descriptive measure of the
relationship of a measurement to the
rest of the data.
 Example 1

Find the 95th percentile of a

normal curve.
 Solution

1)Draw the appropriate normal curve.

2)Express the given percentage as

probability: 95% = 0.95

3)Split 0.95 into 0.5000 and 0.4500

4)Shade 0.5000 of the sketch of the

normal curve in step 1.
5)Locate the area 0.4500 in the body of
the table between the values of 0.4495
and 0.4505
6)Find the z-value that corresponds to
0.4505

7)Find the z-value that corresponds to

0.4495

8)Find the average of the two z-values.

9) Locate z = 1.645 under the curve.

10)Shade the region to the left of z =

1.645.

11)Describe the shaded region.

- The standard region is 95% of the

distribution.
Example 2
Solution:
Solution:
 Example 3:

In a science test, the mean score is 42

and the standard deviation is 5.
Assuming the score are normally
distributed, what percent of the score is:
a)Greater than 48?
b)Less than 50?
c)Between 30 and 48?
 Solution A:
1. Convert the score 48 to z-score
2. Sketch the normal curve.
 Let A = area to the right of z =1.2
A1 = area between z = 0 and z = 1.2
A2 = area of the half of the curve

Hence, 11.51% of the

score is greater than 48.
 Solution B:

1. Convert the score 50 to z-score

2. Sketch the normal curve.
 Let A = area below z =1.6
A1 = area of the half of the curve
A2 = area between z = 0 and z = 1.6

Hence, 94.52% of
the score is less
than than 50.
 Solution C:
1. Convert the score 30 & 48 to z-score
2. Sketch the normal curve.
Hence, 87.67%
of the score are
between 30 and
48.
Thank
You!