COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Presented by: CJ Magday, Aldrin Diola, Faye Soliven,Mark Cleo

Jamias, Paul Baltazar, Roszen Castillo, Veah Tacotaco
Group 3 | BSECE
ELECTRONIC SYSTEM

 IS POWERED BY ELECTRICITY, AND IT PROCESSES INFORMATIONS,

DATA, OR ANY RAW MATERIAL FROM INPUT INTO A DESIRED
OUTPUT FOR FURTHER USAGE IN LIFE. INPUTS - ELECTRICAL OR
MECHANICAL SENSORS, WHICH TAKE SIGNALS FROM THE
PHYSICAL WORLD (IN THE FORM OF TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE,
ETC.)

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TELEPHONE

 A TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICE THAT TRANSMITS AND RECEIVES

SOUND

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TELEPHONE: TYPES OF TELEPHONE SYSTEM

1. PLAIN OLD TELEPHONE SERVICE (POTS) refers

to the traditional, analog voice transmission phone
system implemented over physical copper wires
(twisted pair). Landline telephone systems are part of
the Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)

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TELEPHONE

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TELEPHONE: TYPES OF TELEPHONE SYSTEM

● PSTN stands for PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE

NETWORK. The underground copper wires have connected
homes and companies and allow people to communicate with
each other.
● The only difference between pots and pstn is that the latter
can use other materials (e.G., Fiber), and the former is the
traditional “plain” telephone network for voice calls.

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TELEPHONE: PARTS OF AN ANALOG TELEPHONE

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TELEPHONE: TYPES OF TELEPHONE SYSTEM

● VOIP- VOICE OVER THE INTERNET PROTOCOL

● VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP),is a technology that
allows you to make voice calls using a broadband Internet
connection instead of a regular (or analog) phone line. Some
VoIP services may only allow you to call other people using the
same service, but others may allow you to call anyone who has
a telephone number - including local, long distance, mobile,
and international numbers.

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TELEPHONE: VOIP SYSTEM

VoIP System diagram

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TELEPHONE: VOIP TELEPHONE

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TELEPHONE: WIRES AND PORTS

CAB

CABLE PORTS AT
SPLITTERS
TELEPHONE

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TELEPHONE: WIRES AND PORTS

CABLE WITH HUB COIL WIRE

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TELEPHONE
 MULTIPLE-DWELLING TELEPHONE SYSTEMS

As in the small residence, the telephone service

normally follows the same entrance path and method of
entrance as the electric power service. For the sake of
economy in underground construction, the two services
often share the same trench, albeit in different
raceways, and utilize twin manholes where such as
required.
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TELEPHONE

 MULTIPLE-DWELLING TELEPHONE SYSTEMS

The service entrance requirements vary with the size of

the building and telephone capacity. For a small
apartment house of garden or three-storey type, a clear
wall space of 2 to 4 feet is sufficient. A terminal room is
required only in very large buildings.

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TELEPHONE
 MULTIPLE-DWELLING TELEPHONE SYSTEMS

● Apartment buildings and dormitories differ from

commercial structures in that the floor
● plans of all floors are similar, so that the
arrangement of risers is relatively simple. It is
common practice to utilize cable only, in risers that
extends through vertically aligned closets in
apartments. To accommodate this cables, a sleeve
through the floor between closet is necessary. 15
HANDSET
 

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TELEPHONE

 MULTIPLE-DWELLING TELEPHONE SYSTEMS

If a riser is located in a shaft other than a closet, conduit

is normally utilized to allow for easy installation,
protection, and repair. If the location is accessible, as in
an alcove, only a sleeve is provided. When the riser is
located outside the apartment, each dwelling is
connected to the riser by conduit with a junction box at
either end. 17
TELEPHONE

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TELEPHONE

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TELEPHONE
Typical telephone
riser diagram in
multiple-level
dwellings. Note the
need for conduit
between apartments
when installation is
  made inaccessible,
as in a wall

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TELEPHONE:Typical telephone riser diaram in
multiple storey building

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TELEPHONE
 INTERCOM- INTERCOMMUNICATION DEVICE

An intercom (intercommunication device), talkback or

doorphone is a stand-alone voice communications
system for use within a building or small collection of
buildings, functioning independently of the
public telephone network. Intercoms are generally
mounted permanently in buildings and vehicles.

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TELEPHONE

 INTERCOM- INTERCOMMUNICATION DEVICE

Intercoms can incorporate connections to public

address loudspeaker systems, walkie talkie, telephones
and to other intercom system, some intercom systems
incorporate control of devices such as signal lights and
door latches.

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TELEPHONE: RESIDENTIAL INTERCOM

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FAX

 also referred to as FACSIMILE OR TELECOPIER, is a

document or image sent through a telephone line. A fax
machine allows you to transmit various written papers
like diagrams, drawings, sketches, letters, circulars,
articles, etc. to someone else instantly. with couriers
and e-mail, it is nearly impossible to do business
without one of these machines today.

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FAX: PARTS OF A FAX MACHINE

●  Scanner
● Printer
● Fax modem(phone line)
● The scanner and fax modem work together – the scanner by
capturing the document and turning it into a digital signal,
and the fax modem by sending that signal over the phone
line. When receiving a fax, the printer and the fax modem
work together – the fax modem by collecting the digital signal
that arrives over the phone line, and the printer by turning
that digital information into a printed piece of paper.
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FAX: 3 TYPES OF FAX MACHINE

INKJET FAX MACHINE- works by creating a digital

image on the fax paper, using inkjet compatible inks.
Inkjet cartriges and Inkjet fax machines are
manufactured by big companies such as Canon, Epson,
Hewlett Packard, and Lexmark. Mainly used in fast
working environments where they can produce color
outputs. produce good text and is suitable if you
receive a low volume of faxes.
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FAX: 3 TYPES OF FAX MACHINE
INKJET FAX MACHINE

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FAX: 3 TYPES OF FAX MACHINE

LASER FAX MACHINE- use static electricity as a form

of glue. When a laser fax machine begins to print out a
fax, the large dry ink rotatory releases the powdered
ink which is attracted to the static electrical shapes

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FAX: 3 TYPES OF FAX MACHINE
LASER FAX MACHINE

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FAX: 3 TYPES OF FAX MACHINE

THERMAL FAX MACHINE- are considered the most inexpensive

type of fax machine available on the market. The thermal type
does not use ink cartridges but instead requires an ink ribbon.
Heat is generated during an incoming fax transfer, and the ink is
melted on to the paper. Thermal fax machines are available in the
business supplies market.

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FAX: 3 TYPES OF FAX MACHINE

THERMAL FAX MACHINE

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FAX: PROS

Speedy Transmission: Fax enables transmission of the message,

data, diagram, sketches, and drawing with exceptionally high speed

 
Reliability: Emails require your recipient to have the right software or
technical knowledge to open any document you send. That’s never
a problem with a fax machine though. Fax are also completely
malware free and they don't have any kind of programming errors.
 
Accuracy of Information: It helps to send written information to any
place within or outside the country accurately and immediately.

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FAX: PROS

Security: Computers and emails can be hacked, with the

documents you send intercepted. If you’d like your office to be
secure, a fax machine is the safest form of communication you can
have.
 
Legal value: Fax provides a written record of the transmitted
message and it can be used as a document in legal procedures
including in the court of law.
 
Installation: There is no complicated cabling process or various
pieces of hardware needed for the setup. Only the fax machines
needed to be connected to the telephone line and the wall socket.
And then it will be ready to be used. 34
FAX: CONS

Less Privacy: Fax has less privacy as the transmitted data can be
handled by anyone who is beside the fax machine.

Technology Failure: If you depend too much on your fax machine

and it fails for some reason, you’ll have some problems finding a
new way to operate it.
 
Dependency on Landline Phone Number: You can’t use a fax
machine unless you have an actual landline phone. This is less
common these days, as everyone uses cellphones.

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FAX: CONS

Less Convenient: Faxes are convenient in terms of speed, but they

also cannot be reached easily. If you’re out of the office and you
need to send a document, you can’t send fax until you return.
 
Multitasking: Fax machines doesn't support multitasking feature.
Which means that they cannot send and receive faxes at the same
time. Moreover, they don't have the capability to send multiple faxes
simultaneously.
 
Quality:  Fax transmission qualities are very low compared to a
regular printer. The transmission quality that is sent is not always
the same when it is received on the other end. The quality might be
poor or even lost some details of the original. 36
FAX: OPERATION

The user only needs to insert the document, enter the recipient
number, and press the send button. It is simultaneously reproduced
on paper automatically in the receiving machine. Once the
document is delivered to the recipient, the fax machine provides a
receipt of delivery to the sender.

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FAX: OPERATION

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FAX

 also referred to as FACSIMILE OR TELECOPIER, is a

document or image sent through a telephone line. A fax
machine allows you to transmit various written papers
like diagrams, drawings, sketches, letters, circulars,
articles, etc. to someone else instantly. with couriers
and e-mail, it is nearly impossible to do business
without one of these machines today.

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PBX: PRIVATE BRANCH EXCHANGE

●  A private branch exchange is a telephone system

within an enterprise that switches calls between
users on local lines, while enabling all users to share
a certain number of external phone lines.
● The primary function of a private branch exchange
(PBX) is to allow employees to connect with each
other internally as well as make and receive external
phone calls.
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PBX: PRIVATE BRANCH EXCHANGE

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PBX: HOW DOES IT WORK?
● ANALOGUE
An analogue PBX or landline system uses the public
switched telephone network (PSTN)

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 PBX: HOW DOES IT WORK?
● Digital or cloud hosted
● A digital PBX uses the internet connection and
bandwidth and can offer additional, more intelligent
features for the modern business at a low cost.
● Cloud PBX, also known as hosted PBX or virtual PBX,
is an IP-based PBX solution that's provided and
accessed completely through the internet.

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PBX: HOW DOES IT WORK?

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 PBX: FEATURES OF A HOSTED PBX

● Online portal management

● With a hosted PBX system, businesses and users can
administer and edit certain phone functions via an
online dashboard. This becomes the central point
for users to moderate key functions such as setting
up a ring group, establishing new handset
extensions and endpoints, creating a call routing
path or setting up SIP trunks.

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 PBX: FEATURES OF A HOSTED PBX

● Virtual presence
● A presence feature enables team members to see
whether their colleagues are available, on another
call or offline, allowing them to deal with inbound
calls appropriately.

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 PBX: FEATURES OF A HOSTED PBX

● Auto-attendant
● An auto attendant allows callers to choose from
many options so that their call is directed to the
appropriate person or department.

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 PBX: FEATURES OF A HOSTED PBX

● Hold options
● Hosted PBX users can usually choose and set an
audio option for customers on hold. Whether that be
the classic Greensleeves or a reel of product
promotions, this can be a great way to evoke
feelings of calm or to benefit from a captive
audience depending on your caller audience.

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 PBX: Traditional Analog PBX Phone System

These systems have been around for a long time and

connect to the Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN)
over Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) lines. The PBX
manages calls between phones and fax machines by
being physically connected to them over copper wiring.
Incoming calls are routed through the PBX and out to
the phones, and calls can be transferred between
phones via the PBX. The PBX itself typically lives in an
office's telecom closet
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PBX: Traditional Analog PBX Phone System

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 PBX: Cloud PBX

A cloud PBX is essentially a hosted digital system, virtual

PBX, IP PBX phone system or VoIP phone, which
operates entirely over the internet. Rather than using a
server, the software is maintained in the cloud, allowing
users to benefit from all the intuitive functionality of a
PBX system with the added benefit of allowing much
more agility and flexibility for employees.
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PBX: Cloud PBX

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 INTERNET SYSTEM

The Internet, simply known as “the Net”, is a worldwide

system of computer networks -- a network of networks
in which users at any one computer can, if given
permission, get information from any other computer.
The original aim was to create a network that would
allow users of a research computer at one university to
"talk to" research computers at other universities. It was
conceived by the Advanced Research Projects Agency
(ARPA) of the U.S. government in 1969 and was first
known as the ARPANET. 53
INTERNET SYSTEM

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 INTERNET SYSTEM: VOIP

VoIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) is a type of virtual

phone system that uses the Internet, not the physical
copper wiring of the PSTN, to manage calls. It is also
referred to as virtual telephony, online calling, and IP
telephony.

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INTERNET SYSTEM

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INTERNET SYSTEM: VOIP how it works

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 INTERNET SYSTEM: VOIP
Updating one’s VoIP phone or business phone system
allows more functionality to one’s new office phone
system. Telecommunication that is transmitted at the
business will be transferred to the cell phone regardless
of where the mobile phone is located. Office phone
systems are very useful specifically for the marketing and
field staff. For example, a regional representative doesn’t
have to check in at the office by phone many times during
the day to get his phone calls.
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 INTERNET SYSTEM: VOIP

● Advantages
Disadvantages
● Lower costs
Reliable Internet
○ Copper wiring charges Connection
Required
○ Calling expenses Latency and Jitter
Limited Location
○ Repurposed Manpower
Tracking for
● Increased accessibility
● Complete portability Emergency Calls
● Higher scalability

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 CATV: CABLE TELEVISION

IT IS A SYSTEM OF PROVIDING TELEVISION TO

CONSUMERS VIA RADIO FREQUENCY SIGNALS
TRANSMITTED TO TELEVISIONS THROUGH FIXED
OPTICAL FIBERS OR COAXIAL CABLES AS OPPOSED TO
THE OVER THE AIR METHOD THAT USES RADIO WAVES

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 CATV: FIBER OPTICS

1970 FIBER OPTICS- USES LIGHT PULSES ALONG A GLASS OR

PLASTIC FIBER TO TRANSMITT SIGNAL.

1989 IT WAS DEMONSTRATED THAT IT WAS POSSIBLE TO CONVERT

AN ANALOG CABLE SIGNAL TO DIGITAL AND TRANSMI IT IN A
STANDARD 6-MHz TELEVISION CHANNEL
USING MPEG COMPRESSION,CATV SYSTEMS INSTALLED TODAY
CAN TRANSMIT UP TO 10 CHANNELS OF VIDEO IN THE 6MHz
BANDWITH OF A SINGLE ANALOG CHANNEL
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CATV: FIBER OPTICS

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 CATV: COAXIAL CABLE

A TYPE OF CABLE THAT HAS AN INNER CONDUCTOR

SURROUNDED BY AN INSULATING LAYER, SURROUNDED BY
CONDUCTIVE SHIELDING (OUTER CONDUCTOR)

USED A S A TRANSMISSION LINE FOR RADIO FRQUENCY SIGNALS IN

APPLICATIONS SUCH AS CONNECTING RADIO TRANSMITTERS AND
RECIEVERS

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 CATV:COAXIAL CABLE

ADVANTAGE OF THIS CABLE IS IT CAN BE INSTALLED

NEXT TO A METAL OBJECT BECAUSE THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD CARRYING THE SIGNALS
EXITS ONLY IN THE BETWEEN THE INNER AND
OUTERCONDUCTORS PREVENTING INTERFERENCE

IT IS NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH OTHER SHIELDED

CABLES USED FOR CARRYING LOWER FRQUENCY SUCH
AS AUDIO SIGNALS
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CATV:COAXIAL CABLE

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CATV: CABLED WITH ANTENNA

CABLE ONLY
CABLE WITH ANTENNA

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CATV: EXAMPLES
ORIGINALLY STOOD FOR COMMUNITY ANTENNA
TELEVISION,FROM CABLE TELEVISIONS ORIGINS IN 1948 IN
AREAS WHERE OVER THE AIR RECEPTIONWAS LIMITED BY
DISTANCEFROM TRANSMITTERS OR MOUNTAINOUS
TERRAIN,LARGE COMMUNITY ANTENNAS WERE
CONSTRUCTED AND CABLES WAS RUN TO HOMES.

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CATV: EXAMPLES
FM RADIO, HIGH SPEED INTERNET,TELEPHONY AND SIMILAR NON
TELEVISION SERVICES

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CATV: HEAD-END
a control center in a cable television system where
various signals are brought together and monitored
before being introduced into the cable network.

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CATV: HEAD-END

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INTERCOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
IT IS A TALKBACK OR DOORPHONE IN DEVICES
IT IS A STAND ALONE ELECTRONIC INTENDED
FOR LIMITED OR PRIVATE DIALOGUES
IT CAN BE INSTALLED, MOUNTED OR PORTABLE

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INTERCOM: PERMANENT SYSTEM
THIS IS A TYPE OF AN INTERCOM THAT CAN BE HANDHELD,
WORN AND IT IS NOT PERMANENTLY INSTALLED IN PLACE

COMMONLY USED ON VEHICLES,PLANES, SEA

MACHINERIES ECT.

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INTERCOM: PORTABLE SYSTEM
THIS IS A TYPE OF AN INTERCOM THAT CAN BE HANDHELD,
WORN AND IT IS NOT PERMANENTLY INSTALLED IN PLACE

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BASIC INTERCOM SYSTEM TERM
Master station or base station
units control the whole system. Master stations initiate calls to
substations and can be configured to make announcements that
are transmitted over the entire intercom system.

Substation: Units that initiate calls with a master station, but are

not capable of initiating calls with any other stations. Substations
are also known as slave units.

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BASIC INTERCOM SYSTEM TERM
● Door station: Like substations, door stations are only capable
of initiating a call to a master station. They are typically
weather-proof.
● Intercom station: A full-featured remote unit that is capable of
initiating and receiving party-line conversation, individual
conversations, and signalling. May be rack-mounted, wall-
mounted or portable.
● Wall mount station: Fixed-position intercom station with
built-in loudspeaker. May have flush-mounted microphone,
hand-held push to talk microphone or telephone-style
handset.
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 BASIC INTERCOM SYSTEM TERM

 Belt pack: Portable intercom station worn on the belt such as

an interruptible feedback (IFB) with an earpiece worn by
talent.
 Handset: Permanent or portable telephone-style connection
to an intercom station. Holds both an earpiece and a 
push to talk microphone.
 Headset: Portable intercom connection from a belt pack to
one or both ears via headphones with integrated microphone
on a boom arm. Connects to a belt pack.
 Power supply: Used to feed power to all units. Often
incorporated into the design of the base station.
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INTERCOM WIRE BROADCAST

TWO-WIRE BROADCAST INTERCOMS

WIDELY USED IN TV STATIONS AND OUTSIDE
BROADCAST(SINGLE PATH)

FOUR-WIRE BROADCAST INTERCOM

IT USUALLY REQUIRED A LARGE FOOTPRINT IN THE
PHYSICAL BUILD(MULTIPLE PATH)
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INTERCOM:WIRELESS

TWO-WIRE BROADCAST INTERCOMS

For installations where it is not desirable or possible to
run wires to support an intercom system

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INTERCOM:WIRELESS

ADVATAGES
installation is much easier
 
can easily move the units at any time

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INTERCOM:WIRELESS

DISADVATAGES
 risk of interference from other wireless and electrical devices
conversations may be picked up on a scanner, baby monitor,
cordless phone, or a similar device on the same frequency.
Encrypted wireless intercoms can reduce or eliminate privacy risks,
while placement, installation, construction, grounding and
shielding methods can reduce or eliminate the detrimental effects
of external interference

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

an electronic amplification system with a mixer,

amplifier and loudspeakers, used to reinforce a given
sound and distributing the sound throughout a venue or
building.

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

3 main components of a PA System

Sound Source - normally a microphone or a playback
device such as a cassette deck or a CD player. The sound
source produces an electrical signal that represents the
sound

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
Amplifier - is used to increase the level of the electrical
signal from the sound source that it can be heard at
sufficient volume from the loudspeaker.

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

Loudspeaker - is the device which converts the

electrical impulses from the amplifier into vibrations in
the air which our ear interprets as sounds.

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
A Simple PA System
The simplest PA systems consist of the following:
microphone , a modestly-powered mixer-amplifier
(which incorporates a mixer and an amplifier in a single
cabinet) and more loudspeakers (50 to 200 watts of
power). A sound source such as a CD player or radio may
be connected to a PA system so that music can be
played through the system.

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM(SIMPLE)

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

Larger PA systems
Have larger number of speakers; cover institutional and
commercial buildings, an entire campus of a college or
industrial site, or an entire outdoor complex (i.e an
athletic stadium)

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM(LARGER)

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

Telephone Paging Systems

 allows one-way communication to a large audience
and lets the speaker provide clear, amplified
instructions throughout a facility. Messages can also be
recorded and broadcast at a later time.

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

Long Line Public Address (LLPA)

describes any Public Address System in which the
architecture is distributed, normally across a wide
geographic area. Systems of this type are commonly
found in the rail, light rail and metro industries
Horn loudspeakers - are often used
to broadcast sound to outdoor
locations
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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
Larger Venue Systems
● For popular music concerts, a more powerful and more complicated
PA System is used to provide live sound live sound reproduction. In a
concert setting, there are typically two complete PA Systems: the
“Main” system and the “Monitor” system. Each system consists of
microphones, a mixing board, sound processing equipment,
amplifiers, and speakers.
● The “Main” System – “Front of House” (FOH)
● Uses a number of powerful amplifiers driving a range of large, heavy-
duty loudspeakers including low-frequency speaker cabinets called
subwoofers, full-range horns. A large club may use amplifiers to
provide 3000 to 5000 watts of power to the “main” speakers; an
outdoor concert may use 10,000 or more watts. 95
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
● The “Monitor” System – “Foldback” in British
English
● Reproduces the sounds of the performance and the
directs them towards the onstage performers to help
them to hear the instruments and vocals. The
monitor system in a large club may provide 500 to
1000 watts of power to several foldbacks speakers;
at an outdoor concert, there may be several
thousand watts of power going to the monitor
system. 97
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

● Portable PA Systems
● Portable PA System with Wireless Microphone

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PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM

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AUDIO/VIDEO FACILITIES

are set of electronic devices that are used together to

transmit or record sound and convert electrical signal to
images

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AUDIO SYSTEM

a combination or transducing devices and associated

equipment for picking up sound at one location and
time and reproducing it at the same or some other
location and at the same or some later time.

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AUDIO SYSTEM:ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS.

● AMPLIFIER – increases strength of signal passing to it through it.

● DETECTOR- detects the presence of radio signals or radio activity
● EQUILIZER -reduces frequency distortion
● MIXER- mix two or more inputs signals to give a single output signal
● PLAYBACK- comprising the part of a tape recorder that reduces the
recorded material
● SCRAMBLER- make speech unintelligible during transmission and
restores it at reception
● SET- receives or transmits radio or TV signals
● TELEVISION AQUIPMENT, VIDEPO EQUIPMENT – broadcasts or
receives electronic waves re[resenting images and sound

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AUDIO SYSTEM

SOUND RECORDING AND REPRODUCTION- an electrical

or mechanical inscription and re-creation of sound
waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental
music, or sound effects

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AUDIO SYSTEM

● TWO MAIN CLASSES OF SOUND RECORDING TECH

analogue recording and digital recording

● REPRODUCER- an audio system that can reproduce

and amplify signals to produce sound

● TAPE DECK- electronic equipment for making or

playing magnetic tapes (but without amplifiers of
speakers)
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VIDEO SYSTEM

a system for electronically capturing, recording,

.
processing, storing, transmitting, or reconstructing a
sequence of a still image representing scenes in motion.

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VIDEO SYSTEM: MAJOR COMPONENT

CAMERA LENSE AND MOUNT- a device that records

.
image (still photograph or as moving image known as
videos or movies)

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VIDEO SYSTEM: MAJOR COMPONENT

LIGHTING SYSTEM-
. produces controlled lighting as part
of the effects a lighting designer brings to a show

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VIDEO SYSTEM: LIGHTING COMPONENT

● BOX-HOUSING- a metal or plastic container to house

the whole instrument and prevent light from spilling
in unwanted. directions
● Lighting source (lamp)
● LENSE OR OPENING- the gap in the housing where
the light is intended to come out
● REFLECTOR- behind or around the light source in
such a way as to direct more light towards the lens
or opening
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VIDEO SYSTEM: MAJOR COMPONENT
● TRANSMISSION SYSTEM- a system that transmit a
signal from one place to another . the signal can be
un electrical,
.
optical or radio. Signal. One of the
most widely used transmission system technologies
in the internet and the PSTN is SONET.
● SYNCHRONIZATION SYSTEM- is important in fields
such as digital telephony, video and digital audio
where streams or sampled data are manipulated

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VIDEO SYSTEM: MAJOR COMPONENT

VIDEO SWITCHING EQUIPMENT- a device used to select

between several
. different video sources and in some
cases composite (mix video sources together and at
special effects. This is similar to what a mixing console
does for audio.)

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VIDEO SYSTEM: VIDEO RECORDER

● Digital video recorder (DVR/ personal video recorder

PVR)-a device that records video in a digital format
to a disk .drive , USB key drive , SD memory card or
other memory medium within a device
● VIDEO TAPE RECORDER(VTR)- a type of video tape
recorder that uses removable video tape cassettes
containing magnetic tape to record audio and video
from a television broadcast so it can be played back
later
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VIDEO SYSTEM: VIDEO RECORDER
● VIDEO MONITOR- a device similar to a television,
used to monitor the output of a video- generating
device, such as media playout server, IRD, video
.
camera, VCR, or DVD player in may or may not have
audio monitoring capability
● VIDEO DISPLAY CONTROLLER OR VDC- an integrated
circuit which is the main component in video signal
generator, a device responsible for the reproduction
of a tv video signal in a computing or game system.
Some VDC also generate a sound signal, but in that 113
QUIZ

1. It is a worldwide system of computer networks in

which users can
. get information from.
A. Internet
B. Internet protocol
C. Data bank
D. Comp shop ni kuya raymart
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QUIZ

2. What is the key difference between VoIP and PBX? -

VoIP uses the. internet to make and receive calls.
A. Voip uses airwaves to transmit
B. VoIP uses the internet to make and receive calls
C. Pbx is a six coated cable
D. Pbx and voip are not different
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QUIZ

3. What is the meaning of the acronym POTS?

116
QUIZ

4. It is a technology that allows you to make voice calls

using a broadband Internet connection instead of a
regular (or analog) phone line.

117
QUIZ

5. What is another term for Facsimile?

A. Facts .

B. Telescopier
C. Tele copier
D. Telecopier

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QUIZ

6. It is considered the most inexpensive type of fax

machine available on the market.
.
A. Thermal fax machine
B. Printer sa tapat ng gate 1
C. Xerox machine
D. Inkjet fax machine

119
QUIZ

7. Systems of this type are commonly found in the rail,

light rail and metro industries.

120
QUIZ

8. This system
. reproduces the sounds of the
performance and the directs them towards the onstage
performers to help them to hear the instruments and
vocals.

121
QUIZ
9. a device similar to a television, used to monitor the
output of a video- generating device, such as media
playout server, IRD, video camera, VCR, or DVD player in
.
may or may not have audio monitoring capability
A. Video monitor
B. Video display controller
C. Video recoder
D. Digital video recorder
122
QUIZ

11-12. Variations of PBX phone system.

A.

123
QUIZ

13. Its uses light pulses along a glass or plastic fiber to

transmit signal
.
A. Fiver optical
B. Optical fiber
C. Fiber optics
D. Fiver optics

124
QUIZ

14. How many coats does a coaxial cable have.

A. 5 .

B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

125
QUIZ
15. IT IS A STAND ALONE ELECTRONIC INTENDED FOR
LIMITED OR PRIVATE DIALOGUES.
A. Intercom.
B. Interncom
C. Permanent systems
D. Portable systems

126
QUIZ
1. A
2. B
3. PLAIN OLD TELEPHONE SERVICE
.
4. VOiP
5. D
6. A
7. LONG LINE PUBLIC ADDRESS(LLPA)

127
QUIZ

8. THE MONITOR SYSTEM

9. A .

10. C
11. ANALOGUE
12. DIGITAL/CLOUD HOSTED
13. C OR B
14. 3
15.A 128
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