Internship PPT 7th Sem

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PCB FABRICATION

A
INTERNSHIP REPORT
SUBMITTED TO THE
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE MODASA
BY

KATERIYA JATINKUMAR DITABHAI


210160109533
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
PRO. H.S.PANDYA
ABSTRACT

• PCBs are play a very important role in today’s modern world and specially in electrical and
electronics sector.
• It is the platform where we can mount the electronics components such as integrated
circuit, registers , semiconductor etc. on a small sheet PCBs.
• The printed circuit board ( PCB ) is evolving into a high-technology product.
• It is a non-conductive material with conductive lines printed or etched.
• Manufacturing of PCB have numbers of steps like cleaning, masking, etching, mounting of
components, backing and testing.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE OF INTERNSHIP
WE must have practical knowledge about the concept because of without it , all the theories
are useless . And it is give us in summer internship .
A technical student cannot become a perfect engine er or technologist without practical
understanding of their branch, hence training provides a golden opportunity for all technical
students to interact with the working environment .
While undergoing training at INDIA CIRCUIT SYSTEM, i learned a lot of practical aspect.
Our theoretical Knowledge was exposed here practically. In this report we have tried to
summarisce what we have learned at INDIA CIRCUIT SYSTEM .
Training has an important role in exposing the real-life situation in a company. It was a great
experience for me to work on training at INDIA CIRCUIT SYSTEM through which I could
learn how to work in a professional environment.
INTRODUCTION
India Circuit System is leading
PCB manufacturers in India. The
India Circuit System PCB
manufacturing unit is located at
Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
The company offers a wide range of
PCB design to PCB manufacturing India Circuit System manufactures the wide
range of PCB like Single Side PCB, Double Side
service under the one roof. As PCB
PCB, Metal Core PCB and Aluminium PCB. We
manufacturer in India, India Circuit are expert in manufacturing of metal core PCB
follows international standards for and aluminium PCB. Which are mostly use in
the manufacturing of PCB. LED street lights, LED flood lights and many
lighting products.
SINGLE SIDE PCB
• The single side PCBs are easy to
manufacture and it is very common and
famous amongst PCB manufacturers. The
single layer PCBs are widely used in
electronic devices. It is widely used in the
digital cameras. The radio and stereo also
contain single sided PCBs. It is highly used
in switching relays which are used in the
automotive and power industry. The LEDs
have single sided PCB. It is also used in
sensors as well as surveillance devices. It is
also used in digital and analog power
supplies circuits.
RAW MATERIAL

• This sheets are import from another


industry and this sheet are made of
copper+fiber, copper+aluminium,
copper+carbon fiber.
• The substrate is created by combining
woven glass fibre and epoxy resin and then
rolled into the desired thickness. The
substrate is then semi-cured in an oven and
cut into panels. These panels are stacked in
alternating layers with adhesive copper foil
OXIDATION LAYER

First step of macking PCB is remove the


oxidation layer on the copper.
Due to that the copper conduction will be
smooth other wise in copper sheet curt will
not flow properly and also becase of this
PCB will be heat it is not good for PCB.
This machine is used for the cleaning the
copper sheet smoothly.
MASKING PROCESS
Solder mask is a thin layer of polymer
This method is a manual method of
that is put on a circuit board to protect the
masking were the persone will do with his
copper from oxidation and shorts during
hand pressurice the chemical above film.
operation. It also protects the PCB from
environmental influences such as dust and This process also repet after the etching
several other contaminants that may lead to process.
shorts in the long run.
ETCHING PROCESS
PCB etching is the process of
removing unwanted copper from a
printed circuit board. Once all of
the excess copper has been
removed from the PCB, only the
required circuit remains. Before the
etching process begins, a layout for
the board is generated.
SOLDERING PROCESS

What Is PCB Soldering? PCB soldering


refers to applying solder to printed circuit
boards, one of the most common types of
soldering. There are various PCB soldering
processes, though most typically involve
joining components to the PCB surface to
create electrical connections.
PICK AND
PLACE
PROCESS
Surface-mount technology
(SMT) component placement
systems, commonly called
pick-and-place machines or
P&Ps, are robotic machines
which are used to place
surface-mount devices
(SMDs) onto a printed circuit
board (PCB).
This machine has capacity
of 30,000 component place
on PCB in one minute.
BACKING
After the pick and place process the
PROCESS
leds are mount on the PCB but it not Pcbs are baked for removing the moisture
hardly fix on a PCB. So for a hardly from the copper plating by soldering process
fix on a PCB it must required and for delamination of boards during
backing process. Were the PCB are soldering. Pcbs are baked at a temperature of
270°C for evaporating the moisture content
backed in a chamber at the 270℃. and the time is measured by weight gain and
weight loss measurement.
TESTING OF PCB

LEDs are a super useful part of so many of


our projects. A serious bummer when you
have put one together is to have the LED
fail to light when you need it to. There are
many causes for LED failure, and before
using one, it should be tested to make sure it
lights up as it should. A quick way to test it
is using the DMM you should always have
handy.
DOUBLE SIDE PCB
Double Sided PCB is popular Type of
PCB or Printed Circuit Board. There is
conductive layer on both sides of PCB,
Hence it is called Double sided PCB.
Double Sided PCB or Double Layer
Printed Circuit Board is little complex
than Single Sided PCBs. These types of
PCB have one single layer of the base
substrate but conductive (copper) layer
on both sides of the substrate. Solder
mask is applied on both
sides of the board
UV LIGHT PROJECTION
MACHINE
In a UV light projection machine
there is a film ( plastic paper ) of
circuit which place on a glass off
this machine and than the plane
sheet of copper which place on the
top of this film ( plastic paper ) than
close the machine. There are
number of LEDs in the machine
below the glass of machine this
LEDs are throw the UV light on the
copper sheet.
UV LIGHT
PROJECTED PCB
But there is a circuit film ( plastic
paper ) between the copper sheet
and UV light LEDs. Due to this in a
copper sheet circuit are project and
this circuit are shown in a purple
colour
DEVLOPER MACHINE

In a developer machine there is a


chemical which makes the sheet
purple colour fix on a sheet if we
don’t do this after the UV light
projection the UV light particle will
disappear in air in certain time so we
want repeat the UV light projection
because of that we use developer
machine
PTH PROCESS
PTH (plating through hole), the borehole If you look closely at the printed circuit
wall has a layer of copper, the PTH holes boards (PCB). You will see that there are
on PCB has two purposes: used as many holes with different size on the
component hole for welding DIP boards. Those holes on PCB can be
components, the hole diameter must be
simply divided into two types: PTH
larger than the pin of the component, so
(plating through hole) and NPTH (non
that the component can be inserted in the
PTH. plating through hole).
TIN COATING
PCB tinning is the process of coating The industrial method of manufacturing
copper traces with layers of tin, which will printed circuit boards uses strong solvents
prevent it from any possible degradation, like amonium sulfate. Tinning will facilitate
oxidation, or corrosion. The tin plating will this since the risk of corrosion is much
lower when a printed circuit board is tinned.
also help mask copper traces while the
circuit board itself is being etched.
FLYING PROBE
TEST
The most common types of testing
methods include in-circuit
testing (ICT) and flying probe
testing (FPT). FPT is a type of PCB
test that is a highly accurate and
advantageous option that is gaining
even more popularity with the
influx of small-sized electronics.
Learn more about flying probe
testing and its benefits.
CONCLUSION
After internship I would like to say that this training was a success for me as I
learned a lots of things about the manufacturing and other aspects of PCBs.
 
Thank you

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