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C Programming-Control Statements

C provides three styles of flow control: selection, branching, and iteration/looping. Selection statements like if, if else, and else if ladder allow choosing one branch or another based on a condition. Branching statements include switch case, which allows choosing among multiple alternatives. Iterative statements like while, do while, and for are used to perform repetitive work in loops.

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61 views13 pages

C Programming-Control Statements

C provides three styles of flow control: selection, branching, and iteration/looping. Selection statements like if, if else, and else if ladder allow choosing one branch or another based on a condition. Branching statements include switch case, which allows choosing among multiple alternatives. Iterative statements like while, do while, and for are used to perform repetitive work in loops.

Uploaded by

Saurabh Wagh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Control Statements in C

Control Statements

• To decide what should be the flow of the execution of the program.


• To execute bunch of statements from code.

C provides three styles of flow control :

• Selection

• Branching
• Iteration/Looping
Selection Statements

By using these statements ,we can choose one branch or another.

Following are the different Selection statements :

• if

• if else
• else if ladder
if Statement

• Most simple form of the branching statements.


• If the expression is true then the statement or block of -
 statements gets executed otherwise these statements are
skipped.

Syntax :
if(condition)
{
Block of Statements
}
if else Statement

• If the condition evaluates to true, then the if block of code will be executed, otherwise
else block of code will execute.

Syntax :
if(condition)
{
Block of if Statements
}
else
{
Block of else Statements
}
else if ladder statement

• An if statement can be followed by an optional else if...else statement, which is very useful to test
various conditions.

Syntax : if(condition 1)
{
Block of if Statements
}
else if(condition 2)
{
Block of else if-1 Statements
}
else if(condition 3)
{
Block of else if-2 Statements
}
else
{
Block of else Statements
}
Branching Statement-switch case

• If a programmer has to choose one among many alternatives if...else can be used but, this makes
programming logic complex.
• In switch...case, expression is either an integer or a character
• If the value of switch expression matches any of the constant in case, the relevant codes are executed and
control moves out of the switch case statement.
• If the expression doesn't matches any of the constant in case, then the default statement is executed.

Syntax : switch (expression)


{
case constant1:
break;
case constant2
break;
. . .
default:
break; }
Iterative/Looping Statements

Loops are used in performing repetitive work in programming.

There are 3 types of loops :

• while loop
• do while loop
• for loop
While Loop

Syntax :
Initialization;
while (condition)
{
statements to be executed.
Increment/ decrement;
}
Do-While Loop

Syntax :

Initialization;
do
{
some code/s;
Increment/ decrement;
}while (condition);
For Loop

Syntax :
for(initialization ; condition ; incre/ decre)
{
code/s to be executed;
}
Objectives

At the end of this session you will understand :

Need of Control Statements


• Selection(if, if-else, else if ladder)
• Branching(switch case)
• Looping(While, do while, for)

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