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Elements of Computer Network

A computer network connects multiple devices to share information and resources. The key elements that make up a computer network are computers, a transmission medium, protocols, and network software. Computers are the devices that process and exchange data. Transmission media transmit signals between devices either wired or wirelessly. Protocols define communication rules between network devices. Network software helps administer and monitor the network.

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Kristine Joyce Corre Duran-Cabotaje
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1K views16 pages

Elements of Computer Network

A computer network connects multiple devices to share information and resources. The key elements that make up a computer network are computers, a transmission medium, protocols, and network software. Computers are the devices that process and exchange data. Transmission media transmit signals between devices either wired or wirelessly. Protocols define communication rules between network devices. Network software helps administer and monitor the network.

Uploaded by

Kristine Joyce Corre Duran-Cabotaje
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELEMENTS OF

COMPUTER NETWORK
Computer Network is a
system in which multiple
nodes are connected to
each other to share
information and
resources. A computer
network allows sharing
of resources between
different nodes
connected within it. 
Computer Network Elements: The objects basically used in a computer network are known
as Computer Network Elements (CNEs). There are basically 4 computer networking
elements: 

1.Computers
2.Transmission medium (wired or wireless)
3.Protocols
4.Network software 
COMPUTER
• A computer is a digital device that is able to
accept data as input, a process that data using
predefined algorithms and data structures, and
perform tasks as output – that includes the
transformation of raw data into information, then
knowledge, and finally insight about the data’s
domain.
TRANMISSION MEDIUM
• The means through which we send our data from one place
to another is known as the Transmission medium. 
Signals are used to represent data by computers and other
telecommunication devices. The signals (i.e., data or
information) are transmitted in the form of electromagnetic
energy from one device to another. These signals travel
through a vacuum, air, or other transmission mediums to
move from one point to another (from sender to receiver). 
The transmission medium is of two types: 
• Wired or Guided: For example, Twisted Pair
Cable, Coaxial Cable, and Optical Fiber Cable.

Twisted Pair Coaxial Cable Optical Fiber Cable


• Wireless or Unguided: For example,
Radiowaves, Microwaves, and Infrared. 

Radiowaves Microwaves Infrared


PROTOCOLS
• There are some defined rules and conventions for
communication between network devices. 
These are called Protocols. Network protocols
include mechanisms for devices to identify and
make connections with each other, as well as
formatting rules that specify how data is packaged
into sent and received messages. 
Protocols may be of 3 types: 
INTERNET
PROTOCOLS
• Internet Protocol (IP) is the
method or protocol by which
data is sent from one computer
to another on the internet.
Each computer -- known as a 
host -- on the internet has at
least one IP address that
uniquely identifies it from all
other computers on the
internet
WIRELESS NETWORK PROTOCOLS
• Wireless network protocols are standards that define
how devices transmit and receive data over the air.
• There are different types of wireless network
protocols, such as
• Wi-Fi,
• Bluetooth,
• Zigbee, and
• NFC,

each with its own features and applications.


For example
• Wi-Fi is the most common protocol for
connecting to the internet,
• Bluetooth is used for short-range device pairing,
• Zigbee is designed for low-power smart home
devices,
• and NFC is used for contactless payments and
data sharing.
NETWORK ROUTING PROTOCOLS 
• The Routing protocol basically defines a way the
router can communicate with each other.
NETWORK SOFTWARE
• Network software is a foundational element for any
network. This type of software helps administrators
deploy, manage and monitor a network. 

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