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Fingerprint Recognition Technology

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24 views14 pages

Fingerprint Recognition Technology

Uploaded by

Ammu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION

TECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY
SHRAVYA KULAKARNI
206B1A0556
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY ?
 FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION SYSTEM
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 APPLICATIONS
 CONCLUSION
fig1: Various fingerprint patterns

What is Fingerprint?
• Fingerprint is the feature pattern of one finger.
• A Fingerprint is a collection of many ridges and
furrows(Valleys).
• The continuous dark pattern flow in fingerprint is
called ridges and the light area is called furrows.
• Fingerprint has some unique points on the ridges
which is known as minutiae point.
• A person's fingerprints are like an identification card.
What is fingerprint recognition ?
 Fingerprint recognition is the process of comparing questioned and known fingerprint against another
fingerprint to determine if the impression are from the same finger or palm.
 The Fingerprint recognition problem can be grouped into two sub domains:
 Fingerprint verification .
 Fingerprint Identification.
 Fingerprint verification: Fingerprint verification is
to verify the authenticity of one person by his
fingerprint.
 Fingerprint Identification :is to specify one persons
identity by his fingerprint(s).
Fingerprint Recognition System

Fingerprint recognition System operates in


three stages :
i. Fingerprint acquiring device
ii. Minutia extraction and
iii. Minutia matching
1.Fingerprint acquisition :
For fingerprint acquisition ,optical or semiconductor sensors are
widely used . They have high efficiency and acceptable accuracy
except for some cases that the users fingerprints are too dirty or dry.
2.Minutia extractor :
 preprocessing
 Minutia extraction and
 Post processing stage
• For the fingerprint image processing stage:
 Image enhancement
 Image binarization
 Image segmentation
• The job of minutiae extraction closes down to two operations :Ridge Thinning, Minutiae Marking.
• In Post-processing stage ,false minutia are removed and bifurcations is proposed to unify terminations and
bifurcations.
• 3.Minutia Matching
• Generally, an automatic fingerprint verification is achieved with minutia matching (point pattern matching )instead
of a pixel-wise matching or a ridge pattern matching of fingerprint images .
• The minutia matcher chooses nay two minutia as a reference minutia pair and then match their associated ridges
first.
• If the ridges match well , two fingerprint images are aligned and matching is conducted for all remaining minutia
What is the definition of minutiae? Minutiae can be defined as the points
where the ridge lines end or fork. So the minutiae points are the local ridge
discontinuities and can be of many types.
These types are –
•Ridge ending is the point where the ridge ends suddenly.
•Ridge bifurcation is the point where a single ridge branches out into two
or more ridges.
•Ridge dots are very small ridges.
•Ridge islands are slightly longer than dots and occupy a middle space
between two diverging ridges.
•Ponds or Lakes are the empty space between two diverging ridges.
•Spurs is a notch protruding from a ridge.
Photo: Some common minutiae patterns
•Bridges are the small ridges that join two longer adjacent ridges.
•Crossovers are formed when two ridges cross each other.
Techniques For Fingerprint Matching

Minutiae-based matching
• Minutiae points are the major features of a fingerprint image
and are used in the matching of fingerprints. These minutiae
points are used to determine the uniqueness of a fingerprint
image.
• minutiae capture much of individual info
• minutiae based representations are storage efficient robust to
fingerprint degradation.
1a 1b

FINGERPRINT READERS/SCANNERS
1. Optical fingerprint scanners .(fig 1a)
2. Capacitive fingerprint scanner ·(fig 1b)
3. Ultrasonic fingerprint scanner.(fig 1c)
1c 1d
4. Thermal fingerprint scanner.(fig 1d)
 
Advantages

1. Security

2. Ease of use

3. Non-transferable

4. Accountability

5. Cost effective
Disadvantages

1.System failures
2.Cost
3.Exclusions
Applications:
 Information System Security

 National ID Systems

 Passport Control(INSPASS)

 Voting

 Identification of criminals

 Secure Ecommerce(Still under research)

 Biometric Attendance(schools,colleges,offices)

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