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19 views40 pages

HTML Presentation

Uploaded by

Ramesha K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML

Softsmith Infotech
HTML
• Introduction
• Creation
• Tags
• Text
• List
• Image
• Background
• Link
• Table
• Frames
• Forms
Softsmith Infotech
Introduction
• SGML – Standard Generalized Markup
Language (1986)
• Mother of HTML and XML
• Describing document types in many field
of human activity (clinical records to
musical notations)
• Used in Aerospace, Defense,
Semiconductor and Publishing industries
Softsmith Infotech
SGML - Barriers
• Lack of widely supported style sheets
• Complex and unstable software
• Obstacles to interchange SGML data

• SGML renamed as Sounds Good, May be


Later.

Softsmith Infotech
HTML
• Hyper Text Markup Language
– Hypertext – Dealing with links
– Markup – Designing documents with some
styles or lay outs
• HTML document is a plain text file
• HTML recognized by Web Browser

Softsmith Infotech
HTML Creation
• Use Notepad or any text editor
• Type contents and save with a .htm
or .html extension
• Eg. MyPage.html
• FrontPage, MS Word allows us to create
web pages without any prior knowledge in
HTML. Just save as web page and you will
get the effect.
Softsmith Infotech
Why to learn HTML?
• HTML is the glue that holds all web pages
together.
• You can use tags that the editor does not
support.
• You can read the code of other people's
pages, and "borrow" the effects.
• You can do the work yourself, when the
editor simply refuses to create the effects
you want.

Softsmith Infotech
First Web Page
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Softsmith Infotech
TAGS
• Instructs the browser to do some operation.
• Pillar of HTML
• Start Tag and End Tag
– <Start TAG>
– </End TAG>
• Few examples:
– <BODY>, <HTML> etc
• Every tag may or may not have Attributes.
– <BODY BGCOLOR=“tan”>

Softsmith Infotech
Adding Text
• Anything that we type between the tags
<BODY> and </BODY> will appear on the
browser.
• Many formatting tags are available.

Softsmith Infotech
Text Formatting
• <BASEFONT>, <FONT>, <B>, <I>, <U>,
<BR>, <STRONG>, <EM>, <SUB>,
<SUPER>, <BLINK>, <STRIKE>, <Hx>
– x = 1 to 6 (1 being the largest and 6 being the
smallest)
– <BLINK> works only in netscape.
• <BIG>, <SMALL>

Softsmith Infotech
Text Layout
• <CENTER>
• <DIV> (same as <P>)
• <P>
– <P ALIGN = “”> </P>
• Right
• Left
• Center
• Justify

Softsmith Infotech
HTML Lists
• Ordered List
– <OL TYPE = “circle”><OL>
– TYPE can be circle or square or disc
– If TYPE is left, by default we have Numbers.
– TYPE can also take values like A, a, i, I
– We can configure the numbering to start from a
particular value with the help of “start” attribute.
• Unordered list
– <UL TYPE=“circle”></UL>
– TYPE can be circle or square or disc
Softsmith Infotech
Images
• JPEG or GIF images are recognized by
browsers
• <IMG> tag will place image on your page
• The attribute SRC, tells the location from which
the image is to be taken
• We can control size of the image (width and
height attributes)
• The attribute ALT will say the text to be
displayed in the place of image, if image not
found.

Softsmith Infotech
Images
• The attribute BORDER specifies the
thickness of border around the image.
• Hspace and Vspace attributes allows us to
add space to the left-right sides and top-
bottom sides
• Aligning images is also possible with the
align property

Softsmith Infotech
Hyperlink
• <A> - Anchor tag
• Its attribute – HREF will be the page to
which we will be redirected.
• <A HREF=“Second.html”>Click Here</A>
• Click Here will appear in the browser like
this
Click Here

Softsmith Infotech
Specifying Colors for Links
• Define colors for all links on the page.
– <body link="#C0C0C0" vlink="#808080"
alink="#FF0000">
• Link – Unvisited link
• Vlink – Visited link
• Alink – Active link (Color of the link when
mouse is on it)

Softsmith Infotech
Specifying Colors for Links
• Define colors for individual links on the page.
– Placing font tags between the <a href> and the
</a> tag.
Click <a href="http://www.softsmith.com"><font
color=“Blue">here</font></a> to go to Softsmith.
– Using a style setting in the <a> tag.
Click <a href="http://www. softsmith.com"
style="color: red">here</a> to go to Softsmith.

Softsmith Infotech
Link Target
• By default, links will open in the current window
• We can specify values for the Target attribute to
change this behaviour.
– _blank – new window
– _self – same window
– _parent – frame superior to the frame where the
hyperlink is in
– _top – Cancels all frame and loads in new window.
• We can specify the name of the frame where the
link need to be opened.
Softsmith Infotech
Internal Link
• To create a link with in that page, add a
name attribute to the anchor tag and
specify that name from the place where
you want that navigation
<a name="chapter1">Some contents</a>

Click <a href="#chapter1">here</a> to read chapter 1.

Softsmith Infotech
Link to Email
• <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Email Me</a>
• This will appear in the page as
Email Me

• When we click that, we can compose mail


and send it to that address.
• We can even configure subject and body of
the mail using the attributes subject and
body.

Softsmith Infotech
Image Map
• Helps us to use one image to navigate to
multiple pages.
– <img src="rainbow.gif" usemap = #example border=0>
<map name=example>
<area shape=Rect Coords=0,0,29,29
Href="http://www.yahoo.com">
<area shape=Rect Coords=30,30,59,59
Href="http://www.hotbot.com">
</map>

– Shape can be Circle or polygon also.

Softsmith Infotech
Backgrounds
• For setting background of our page, we
need to specify some properties in
<BODY> tag.
• BACKGROUND
• BGCOLOR
• BGSOUND
• BGPROPERTIES

Softsmith Infotech
Tables
• Help in arranging elements in our page in
a neat way
• Divide page into separate sections
• Creating Menus
• Adding form fields
• Alignment of images

Softsmith Infotech
Table Creation
• Table - <TABLE> </TABLE>
• Row - <TR> </TR>
• Column - <TD> </TD>
<TABLE BORDER=0>
<TR> 1 2
<TD> 1 </TD>
<TD> 2 </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
Softsmith Infotech
Table Attributes
• Align – left, right, center
• Valign – top or bottom
• Background
• Bgcolor
• Border
• Bordercolor
• Bordercolordark - shadow
• Cellpadding
• Cellspacing
• Nowrap – protects from line break
• Frame – deals with border adjustment – void, above, below, lhs,
rhs, hsides, vsides, box
• Width

Softsmith Infotech
Row / Column attributes
• All property of table.
• Height

• Only for TD
– Rowspan – Merging rows
– Colspan – Merging columns
– nowrap

Softsmith Infotech
Frames
• Divides screen into separate areas
• Each frame can contain a HTML
document
• <frameset> tag is used to create a frame.
• Ended with </frameset> tag
• Attributes
– Cols
– Rows
Softsmith Infotech
Resizing and Scrolling
• By default, we can resize frames.
• If we don’t want to resize them, we can specify
the same using the attribute “noresize”.
• If we don’t need scroll bars, we can specify
scrolling attribute as no.
• <frame src="menu.html" name="menu" noresize
scrolling=no>
• If we give scrolling=auto, scroll bar will appear if
needed. Otherwise it wont.
Softsmith Infotech
HTML Forms
• Most widely used in web applications
• Has several elements
• Created with in <BODY>
• Use <FORM> </FORM> tags to define
elements of form
• Attributes
– Action – URL to be navigated on submit
– Method – GET or POST
Softsmith Infotech
Form Fields
• Text
• Password
• Hidden
• Text area
• Submit button
• Cancel button
• Image button
• Check box
• Radio button
• Drop down menu
Softsmith Infotech
Text / Password / Hidden
• <Input type = “text” name = “UserId”
value=“user”>

• <Input type = “password” name=“pwd”


value=“pwd”>

• <Input type = “hidden” name=“hide”


value=“hide”>
Softsmith Infotech
Text Area
• <textarea cols=20 rows=20 name=“txtarea”>Text
area</textarea>
• Cols and rows specifies how many columns and
rows will the text are occupy on our page.
• Name – Program will use this name to refer to the
element
• Tabindex and wrap are other properties
– Tabindex – order of tab focus
– Wrap
• Off – no line breaks
• Virtual – for appearance line breaks will be there
• Physical – Exact replica of what we type

Softsmith Infotech
Check box
• <input type="checkbox" name="option1"
value=" Java "> Java<br>
<input type="checkbox" name="option2"
value=" Oracle " checked> Oracle <br>
<input type="checkbox" name="option3"
value=" Net "> .Net <br>
• For Radio button, the type need to be given
as “radio”

Softsmith Infotech
Dropdown List
• Using Select tag we can define dropdown menu
• Select tag has attributes like
– Name
– Size
– Multiple
• Option tag defines values in the list
• <select name=“ddl”>
<option Value=“1”>1</option>
<option Value=“2”>2</option>
</select>

Softsmith Infotech
Submit / Reset / Image Button
• <input type="submit" value="Send me
your name!">
• <input type=“reset" value=“Reset">
• <input type=“image" src=“image.gif“
name=“image”>

Softsmith Infotech
Special Characters
• &nbsp
• &copy
• &gt
• &lt

Softsmith Infotech
HTML Comments
• Starts with
– <!- -

• Ends with
– - ->

Softsmith Infotech
META Tag
• <META> tag has information related to
search engines and browsers
• Later its use was not recommended
• If page content and description doesn’t
match, search engines report that page as
SPAM
• Based on the keywords, search engines
search the keywords present in META tag
of the page
Softsmith Infotech
HTML Hex Colors
• RGB Style
• #RGB
• Safe 216 colors
– R – 00, 33, 66, 99, CC, FF
– G – 00, 33, 66, 99, CC, FF
– B – 00, 33, 66, 99, CC, FF

Softsmith Infotech

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