The histogram of a probability

distribution of continuous
random variable X

https://www.freeppt7.com
BeMind

OBJECTIVE

Construct the probability Illustrates a normal Identifies regions under the Apply the concept in
distribution of the normal curve corresponding to
random variable and real-life situations or
histogram of a probability different standard normal
distribution of its characteristics values. practices
discrete random variable X

2
PART 01
Basic Concept in
Statistics
 Statistics
Statistics is a branch of applied mathematics that involves the collection,
description, analysis, and inference of conclusions from quantitative
data. The mathematical theories behind statistics rely heavily on
differential and integral calculus, linear algebra, and probability theory.
Statisticians, people who do statistics, are particularly concerned with
determining how to draw reliable conclusions about large groups and
general events from the behavior and other observable characteristics of
small samples. These small samples represent a portion of the large
group or a limited number of instances of a general phenomenon.
2 types of
Statistical
methods
Descriptive method
Inferential method
 Inferential method (Inferential
statistics)
Inferential statistics are often used to compare the differences between the treatment groups.
Inferential statistics use measurements from the sample of subjects in the experiment to compare
the treatment groups and make generalizations about the larger population of subjects.
 Descriptive method (descriptive
statistics)
Descriptive statistics is the term given to the analysis of data that helps describe, show or
summarize data in a meaningful way such that, for example, patterns might emerge from the data.
Descriptive statistics do not, however, allow us to make conclusions beyond the data we have
analyzed or reach conclusions regarding any hypotheses we might have made. They are simply a
way to describe our data.
PART 02
What is Histogram?
 BeMind

Histogram

A histogram is a graphical representation of a grouped frequency distribution with continuous classes. It is an area diagram and can be defined as a set of rectangles with
bases along with the intervals between class boundaries and with areas proportional to frequencies in the corresponding classes. In such representations, all the rectangles
are adjacent since the base covers the intervals between class boundaries. The heights of rectangles are proportional to corresponding frequencies of similar classes and for
different classes, the heights will be proportional to corresponding frequency densities.

In other words, a histogram is a diagram involving rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and width is equal to the class interval.

9
BeMind

How to plot
Histogram?
1. Begin by marking the class intervals on the X-axis and frequencies on the Y-axis.
2. The scales for both the axes have to be the same.
Design
3. Class intervals need to be exclusive.
4. Draw rectangles with bases as class intervals and corresponding frequencies as
heights. Development

5. A rectangle is built on each class interval since the class limits are marked on the
horizontal axis, and the frequencies are indicated on the vertical axis.
Marketing
6. The height of each rectangle is proportional to the corresponding class
frequency if the intervals are equal.
7. The area of every individual rectangle is proportional to the corresponding class
frequency if the intervals are unequal.
10
Example #1

SPECAIL TEAM
Distinctively build premium
strategies premium.

11
Example #2

SPECAIL TEAM
Distinctively build premium
strategies premium.

12
Example #3

SPECAIL TEAM
Distinctively build premium
strategies premium.

13
When is histogram use?
The histogram graph is used under certain conditions. They are:
1. The data should be numerical.
2. histogram is used to check the shape of the data distribution.
3. Used to check whether the process changes from one period to another.
4. Used to determine whether the output is different when it involves two or
more processes.
5. Used to analyze whether the given process meets the customer requirements.
Difference Between Bar Graph and Histogram

Histogram Bar graph

It is a two-dimensional figure It is a one-dimensional figure

The frequency is shown by the The height shows the frequency

16
LOGO

GOOGBYE
Insert the Subtitle of Your Presentation

https://www.freeppt7.com