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Ewald Construction

The document discusses the Ewald construction, which models the diffraction of x-rays by the planes of atoms in a crystal lattice. It describes centering a sphere on the crystal origin and representing the x-ray beam as another sphere. Reflections occur when the reciprocal lattice points intersect this sphere. Rotating the crystal causes different reflections to be observed, with hk0 reflections lying in the equatorial plane and hk1 forming a cone.

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abhinay sreeram
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80 views22 pages

Ewald Construction

The document discusses the Ewald construction, which models the diffraction of x-rays by the planes of atoms in a crystal lattice. It describes centering a sphere on the crystal origin and representing the x-ray beam as another sphere. Reflections occur when the reciprocal lattice points intersect this sphere. Rotating the crystal causes different reflections to be observed, with hk0 reflections lying in the equatorial plane and hk1 forming a cone.

Uploaded by

abhinay sreeram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ewald construction

Think of set of planes reflecting in x-ray beam


Ewald construction

Think of set of planes reflecting in x-ray beam

Center sphere on specimen origin


x-ray beam is a sphere diameter
Ewald construction

Think of set of planes reflecting in x-ray beam

Center sphere on specimen origin


x-ray beam is a sphere diameter

Construct lines as below


Ewald construction

Think of set of planes reflecting in x-ray beam

Center sphere on specimen origin


x-ray beam is a sphere diameter

Construct lines as below


Ewald construction
Ewald construction
Ewald construction
Ewald construction
Ewald construction
Ewald construction
Ewald construction
Ewald construction

Most common in single crystal studies is to move


(usually rotate) crystal.

Consider crystal placed at sphere center


oriented w/ planes of points in reciprocal
lattice as below.
Ewald construction

Looking down on one plane of points....


the equatorial plane:
Ewald construction

Looking down on one plane of points....


the equatorial plane

No points on sphere (here, in 2-D, a circle);


must rotate reciprocal lattice to
observe reflections.

rotate around axis here,


perpendicular to screen
Ewald construction

Looking down on one plane of points....


the equatorial plane

Must rotate reciprocal lattice to


observe reflections.

rotate around axis here,


perpendicular to screen
Ewald construction

Looking down on one plane of points....


the equatorial plane

Must rotate reciprocal lattice to


observe reflections.

rotate around axis here,


perpendicular to screen
Ewald construction

Looking down on one plane of points....


the equatorial plane

Must rotate reciprocal lattice to


observe reflections.

rotate around axis here,


perpendicular to screen
Ewald construction

hk0 reflected rays all lie in the equatorial plane.


Ewald construction

hk0 reflected rays all lie in the equatorial plane.

hk1 reflected rays lie in a cone.


Ewald construction

hk0 reflected rays all lie in the equatorial plane.

hk1 reflected rays lie in a cone.


Ewald construction

Sheet of film or image paper wrapped


cylindrically around crystal....
Ewald construction

Sheet of film or image paper wrapped


cylindrically around crystal.... looks like this
after x-ray exposure of oscillating crystal
.....when flattened:

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