VERBS

• The verb signals an action, an occurrence, or a

state of being. Whether mental, physical, or
mechanical, verbs always express activity.
PHYSICAL VERBS

• Physical verbs are action verbs. They describe specific physical actions. If
you can create a motion with your body or use a tool to complete an
action, the word you use to describe it is most likely a physical verb.

• Let’s run to the corner and back.

• I hear the train coming.
• Call me when you’re finished with class.
MENTAL VERBS

• Mental verbs have meanings that are related to concepts such as

discovering, understanding, thinking, or planning. In general, a mental
verb refers to a cognitive state.

• I know the answer.
• She recognized me from across the room.
• Do you believe everything people tell you?
STATES OF BEING VERBS

• Also known as linking verbs, state of being verbs describe conditions or

situations that exist. State of being verbs are inactive since no action is
being performed. These verbs are usually complemented by adjectives.

• I am a student.
• We are circus performers.
• The police is quiet.
TYPES OF VERBS
ACTION VERBS
ACTION VERBS ARE VERBS THAT EXPRESS ACTION
TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS

• This means that some are used with a direct object (the person or thing that
receives the action of the subject) and others don’t need a direct object.
Some verbs can be both transitive and intransitive depending on their
meaning.

Ex:
• Transitive Verb – Joe will send the price quote as soon as he can.
• Intransitive Verb – Many of the students are not well.
They coughed throughout the lesson.
TRANSITIVE VERBS
TRANSITIVE VERBS ALWAYS RECEIVE A DIRECT OBJECT

• Here’s a list of some common transitive verbs that must be followed by

a direct object:
bring send owe contain buy show take tell
verify check getwash finalize annoy laylend
offer edit make phone
TRANSITIVE VERBS
TRANSITIVE VERBS ALWAYS RECEIVE A DIRECT OBJECT

• Richard annoys his boss so much that he’ll never get a promotion.

(His boss is the direct object of annoys and a promotion is the direct
object of get)
• Jenna brings Mrs. Smith lunch every day.
(Lunch is the direct object of brings. Jenna is the subject.)
INTRANSITIVE VERBS
INTRANSITIVE VERBS DO NOT NEED A DIRECT OBJECT IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THEIR MEANING. MANY ARE FOLLOWED BY AN ADJECTIVE, ADVERB,
PREPOSITION OR VERB COMPLEMENT (GERUND OR INFINITIVE).

Here is a list of common intransitive verbs:

Come explode laughsit rise excel respond run
cough swim emigrate smileact cry immigrate lie
arrive continue die go
MANY VERBS CAN BE BOTH TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE DEPENDING ON THEIR
MEANINGS.

• Jamie set the documents down on the CEO’s desk.

(Transitive: The documents are the direct object to the verb: set.)
• The sun set low over the Pacific Ocean.
(Intransitive: Low is an adverb. Set doesn’t need a direct object.)
• Ms. Tyson manages the accounting department.
(Transitive: The accounting department is the direct object to the
verb: manage.)
• Here is a list of several verbs that can be both transitive
and intransitive depending on their meanings:
Set leave give studysit manage stop go
Grow smelldance sing write climb run pay
Teach burn eat paint drive check cost improve
DECIDE WHETHER THE FOLLOWING VERBS ARE TRANSITIVE, INTRANSITIVE OR BOTH:

• The workmen have been painting for hours.

• When they call from the charity, Mrs. Alpert always gives generously.
• Before you send the proposal, make sure you edit it carefully.
• That perfume smells nice.
• My new car costs me a small fortune.
AUXILIARY VERBS
USED TOGETHER WITH A MAIN VERB TO SHOW THE VERB’S TENSE
OR TO FORM A NEGATIVE OR QUESTION. THE MOST COMMON
AUXILIARY VERBS ARE HAVE, BE, AND DO.
EXAMPLES

• Does Sam write all his own reports?

• The secretaries haven’t written all the letters yet.
• Terry is writing an e-mail to a client at the moment.
HAVE

• Have” is a very important verb that can stand alone in all its
tenses, including has, have, having, had, and hadn’t or had
not. It is usually used to denote ownership, and it can also be
used to discuss ability or describe appearance. “Have” is also a
very popular substitute for the verbs “eat” and “drink.” For
example: “Let’s have dinner.
EXAMPLES

• Jerry has a large coffee stain on his shirt. → Has = action verb

• Jerry has bought a new shirt to replace the one that was ruined
earlier. → Has = auxiliary verb; bought is a past participle that
competes the verb phrase.
• Jerry should have been more careful! → Have = auxiliary verb;
phrase “should have been” expresses time and evaluates Jerry’s
actions.
DO

• “Do” can be used as an action verb that stands alone in all its
tenses, including to
do, do, does, done, did and didn’t, doesn’t or did not .
• When used as an auxiliary verb, do is always paired up with
another verb to create a complete verb phrase.
EXAMPLES

• Because he spills things so often, Jerry does more laundry than

most people.  Does = action verb
• Jerry didn’t put his coffee in a cup with a lid.  Didn’t =
auxiliary verb
• Jerry doesn’t always spill things, but it happens a lot.  Doesn’t
= auxiliary verb
BE

• “Be” or “to be” is an important verb that has a multitude of uses in

English. It can be used as an action verb that stands alone in all its tenses
including be, to be, been, am, are, is, was, were, wasn’t, was not aren’t,
are not, weren’t and were not.
• When used as an auxiliary verb, be is always paired with another verb to
create a complete verb phrase. It can be singular or plural, present or past.
Negative sentences are formed by adding the word “not”.
EXAMPLES

• Jerry is messy.  Is = linking verb

• Although he is always complaining about his accidents, Jerry fails to pay
attention.  is = auxiliary verb
• Jerry is doing extra laundry for the rest of his life.  is= auxiliary verb
EXERCISES

• What ________________ the kids doing when you last saw

them? (was, were, are, did, been)
• Carla ________________ always wanted to try skydiving. (was,
doesn’t, has, is, have)
• Where __________________ you go on your summer vacation?
(were, been, are, did, does)
EXERCISES

• Why do you think she __________ call you like she said she
would? (didn’t, is, hasn’t, has been, have)
• Mary _____________ going to be upset when she hears what
happened. (will, don’t, is, didn’t, has)
MODAL VERBS
A MODAL IS A TYPE OF AUXILIARY (HELPING) VERB THAT IS USED
TO EXPRESS: ABILITY, POSSIBILITY, PERMISSION OR OBLIGATION.
MODAL PHRASES (OR SEMI-MODALS) ARE USED TO EXPRESS THE
SAME THINGS AS MODALS, BUT ARE A COMBINATION OF AUXILIARY
VERBS AND THE PREPOSITION TO.
• The modals and semi-modals in English are:
Can/could/be able to
May/might
Shall/should
Must/have to
Will/would
CAN, COULD, BE ABLE TO

Ability/Lack of Ability
• Present and Future:
can/can’t + base form of the verb
• Tom can write poetry very well.
• I can help you with that next week.
• Lisa can’t speak French.
am / is / are / will be + able to + base form of the verb
am not/ isn’t / aren’t/ won’t be + able to + base form of the verb
• Mike is able to solve complicated math equations
• The support team will be able to help you in about ten minutes.
• I won’t be able to visit you next summer.
• PAST
could / couldn’t + base form of the verb
• When I was a child I could climb trees.
was / were + able to + base form of the verb
wasn’t / weren’t + able to + base form of the verb
hasn’t / haven’t + been able to + base form of the verb

• I wasn’t able to visit her in the hospital.

• He hasn’t been able to get in touch with the client yet.
Note: Can and could do not take an infinitive (to verb) and do not
take the future auxiliary will.
• Incorrect: I can to help you this afternoon.
• Correct: I can help you this afternoon.
• Correct: I will (I’ll) be able to help you this afternoon.
Possibility / Impossibility
can / can’t + base form of the verb
• You can catch that train at 10:43.
• He can’t see you right now. He’s in surgery.
could + base form of the verb
• I could fly via Amsterdam if I leave the day before.
Ask Permission / Give Permission
Can + Subject + base form of the verb (informal)
• Can you lend me ten dollars?
Can + base form of the verb (informal)
• You can borrow my car.
Could + subject + base form of the verb (polite)
• Could I have your number?
• Could I talk to your supervisor please?
Make a suggestion – To make a suggestion use:
Could + base form of the verb (informal)
• You could take the tour of the castle tomorrow.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT FORM OF CAN, COULD OR BE ABLE TO AS IN THE EXAMPLES.

______ Tony run long distances when he was a boy?

______ you please call a tow truck for me? My car broke down.
(polite)
The students _______ to buy their textbooks today. The bookstore
is all out of them.
______ you teach me how to fix my computer? You’re so good at
it.
______ you ______ reach the customer if you call him at 4:00 his
time?
MAY/MIGHT

Formal Permission / Formal Prohibition

may / may not + base form of the verb
• You may start your exam now.
• You may not wear sandals to work.
Polite Request
May + subject + base form of the verb
• May I help you?

Possibility / Negative Possibility

may/ might + base form of the verb
• We may go out dinner tonight. Do you want to join us?
• Our company might get the order if the client agrees to the price.

may not / might not + base form of the verb

• Adam and Sue may not buy that house. It’s very expensive.
• They might not buy a house at all.
To Make a Suggestion (when there is no better alternative)
may as well / might as well + base form of the verb
• You may as well come inside. John will be home soon.
• We might as well take Friday off. There’s no work to be done
anyway.
Polite Suggestion
might + base form of the verb
• You might like to try the salmon fillet. It’s our special today.
EXERCISES
• They ______ finish the project on time. The main engineer is ill.
• You _____ want to stop by the museum gift shop on your way
out.
• _____ I have your autograph?
• He _______ visit the Louvre. He’s in Paris anyway.
• You ______ park your car here. It’s reserved for guests of the
hotel only.
IRREGULAR VERBS

• Irregular verbs are verbs that don’t take on the regular –d, -ed,

or -ied spelling patterns of the past simple (V2) or past
participle (V3). Many of the irregular V2 and V3 forms are the
same, such as: cut – cut, had – had, let – let, hurt – hurt, fed-
fed, sold-sold
MOST OFTEN USED IRREGULAR VERBS
• Go
• Get
• Say
• See
• Think
• Make
• Take
• Come
• Know
EXAMPLES

• Go get your brother. It’s time to eat dinner.→ In this example,

all three irregular verbs (go, get, and eat) are in base form.
• I want to build a sand castle like the one we built last year.→ In
this example, the irregular verb build is in base form. The
irregular verb built is the past simple form of “build”. When you
look at the complete list of examples, you’ll notice that built is
also the past participle of the irregular verb “build”.
• He bet me that I couldn’t run five miles without stopping. I proved him
wrong; I ran seven miles before I had to catch my breath.→ In this
example, bet is a past simple form. When you look at the complete list,
you will see that all three forms of “bet” are the same. Next, in the same
sentence, the irregular verb run is in base form. In the next sentence, ran is
the past simple form of “run” and had is the past simple form of “have.”
Meanwhile, catch is base form.
• I awoke to find that a spider had bitten me. Although the wound
didn’t bleed, it itched terribly.→ In this example, the irregular verb awoke
is the past simple form of “awake.” Bitten is past participle form of “bite”
and bleed is base form.
• Let’s drink some of this lemonade. I drank some yesterday
and found it delicious.→ In this example, the irregular verb
drink is in base form. Drank is the past simple form of “drink,”
and found is the past simple form of “find.”
 EXERCISES
FILL IN THE BLANK SPACES WITH THE CORRECT IRREGULAR VERB

• My dog jumped out of the swimming pool and _____________ himself,

causing water to spray everywhere. (shake, shook, shaken)
• You should have ______________ Trish’s face when she got her surprise.
(saw, had seen, seen)
• We _____________ the whole day lounging on the beach. (spend, spent,
had spend)
• Let’s _____________ a hike on Saturday. (take, took, taken)
• My brother Mike ______________ his stinky socks on the coffee table.
(leave, left, leaving)
• This is the ninth time that pitcher has _____________ a foul
ball (throw, threw, thrown)
• The water balloon _____________ when it hit its target. (burst,
busted, broken)
• Jesse intentionally ______________ gum in Jeff’s hair. (stick,
stuck, sticky)
 VERB TENSES

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

SIMPLE I ate pizza yesterday. I eat pizza everyday. I will eat pizza tomorrow.

CONTINUOUS I was eating pizza when I am eating pizza right I will be eating pizza
(PROGRESSIVE) you arrived. now. when you arrive.

PERFECT I had eaten all of the I have eaten all of the I will have eaten all the
pizza when you arrived. pizza. pizza by the time you
arrive.
PERFECT CONTINUOUS I had been eating pizza I have been eating pizza I will have been eating
(PROGRESSIVE) for 2 hours when you for 2 hours. pizza for 2 hours when
arrived. you arrive.
SIMPLE TENSES
SIMPLE PRESENT

• It uses the verb’s base form

• It indicates that an action is present, now. (I walk to school everyday)
It is used to describe actions that are factual or habitual – things that
occur in the present but that are not necessarily happening right now.

It rains a lot in Baguio.

I use my bike to get around town.
SIMPLE PRESENT

• It is also used to describe events that are scheduled (whether by

nature or by people).
Ex: High tide is at 3:15pm.
The UAAP Volleyball championship starts at 6:15pm.
SIMPLE PRESENT

• Present tense habitual activities are frequently signaled by time

expressions such as the following:
All the time Never Usually
Always Often
Every (day, hour, time) Rarely
Most of the time Sometimes
EXERCISE
Instructions: Put in the correct verb forms
1. Andy __________ the family car. (to wash)
2. Every morning my mother ___________ at 6 o’clock. (to get
up)
3. Mr. Black _____________ email in the morning. (to write)
4. The girls _____________ shopping. (to do)
5. Mandy and Susan __________ films every weekend. (to
watch)
EXERCISE
Instructions: Put in the correct verb forms
6. Jill _______________ two children. (to have)
7. I often ____________ to the cinema. (to go)
8. She ______________ to Menorca this summer. (to fly)
9. Peter ____________ emails. (not / to write)
10. _________ you ____________ English? (to speak)
EXERCISE
Instructions: Form questions in the Simple Present
Ex: Frank / to read / comics = Does Frank read comics?
1. What / they / to eat / breakfast
2. When / his mom / to come / home
3. Marie and Joe / to like / homework
4. How/Linda / to go / to the park
SIMPLE PAST

• It indicates that an action is in the past relative to the speaker or

writer.
We went to Chicago last Christmas.
We visited mom last week
I worked with FBI for two months.
EXERCIS Buy
E Fall
Instructions: Complete the exercises with the verbs inside the Teach
box. Catch
Hurt
1. Mozart _____ more than 600 pieces of music.
Throw
2. “How did you learn to drive?” My father _________ me. Cost
Sell
3. We couldn’t afford to keep our car, so we _________ it.
Win
4. I was very thirsty. I _____ the water quickly. Drink
Spend
5. Paul and I played tennis yesterday. He’s much better than
Write
me so he _____.
EXERCIS Buy
E Fall
Instructions: Complete the exercises with the verbs inside the Teach
box. Catch
Hurt
6. Don _________ down the stairs this morning and ______
Throw
his leg. Cost
7. Jim ______ the ball to Sue, who _______ it. Sell
Win
8. Ann ______ a lot of money yesterday. She ______ a dress. Drink
It _____ 100 dollars. Spend
Write
SIMPLE FUTURE

• It indicates that an action is in the future relative to the speaker

or writer. It employs will/shall + base form of the verb.
She will leave soon.
We shall overcome the trials.
EXERCIS
E
Instructions: Fill in the correct answer on the space provided.
1. I _______ (help) you with your homework.
2. She _______ (be) here very soon.
3. It _______ (be) very hot this summer.
4. Ashley ________ (stay) at home tonight.
5. Ralf ____ (pay) for it.
6. We _______ (return) as soon as possible.
CONTINUOUS OR PROGRESSIVE TENSES
(BE + -ING)

• The progressive form is a verb tense used to show an ongoing

action in progress at some point in time. It shows an action still
in progress.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

• It indicates continuing action, something going on NOW. This

tense is formed with helping verb (is,are) + -ing.
Ex: He is washing the dishes.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

It can also indicate a future action that is going to happen

especially with verbs that convey the idea of a plan or of
movement from one place or condition to another.

Ex:
He is moving to Siargao this summer.
He is arriving in two hours.
EXERCIS
E
Instructions: Fill in the correct answer on the space provided.
1. His dad and brother ________ (cycle) to the shops.
2. We ______ (not travel) to Japan.
3. I ______ (sunbathe) on the beach.
4. She ______ (not watch) TV.
5. Sue ________ (stay) at home today.
6. They _______ (not swim) in the sea.
7. My favorite team ____________ (win).
EXERCIS
E
Instructions: Write the questions and the short answers.
1. Your dad/ work/ today
Question: ___________________________
Yes, _______________________________.

2. You/ have a good time/ on holiday

Question: __________________________
Yes, _______________________________
EXERCIS
E
Instructions: Complete the dialogue.
1. I’m going on a holiday.
Where ___________________________?
2. He’s cooking dinner.
What ____________________________?
3. My sister is going to England?
Who ____________________________?
PAST PROGRESSIVE
• It indicates continuing action, something that was happening,
going on, at some point in the past. This tense is formed with
the helping verb (was,were) + -ing.

Ex: I was riding my bike all day yesterday.

Joel was being a terrible role model for his younger brother.
PAST PROGRESSIVE
• It indicates a limited duration of time and is thus a convenient
way to indicate that something took place (in the simple past)
while something else was happening.

Ex: Carlos lost his watch while he was running.

PAST PROGRESSIVE
• It also expresses incomplete action.

Ex: I was sleeping on the couch when Barbie smashed through

the door.
PAST PROGRESSIVE
• It is also used to poke fun at or criticize an action that is
sporadic but habitual in nature.

Ex: My father was always lecturing my brother.

EXERCISE 1
CONVERT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE.

1. We went to the mall last night.

2. She is talking to the police officer.
3. Margo and Anika did not ride a bus on their way home.
4. My mom rocks the baby to sleep.
5. We will try to get five gold medals in Olympics.
EXERCISE 1
WRITE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB ON THE SPACE PROVIDED.

1. I _________ (buy) a new bicycle when you called me last night.

2. Jon ________ (listen) to a CD an hour ago.
3. The four of us _____ (swim) in the lake yesterday.
4. I _________ (sing) in the car this morning.
5. My brother __________ (to be) mean last night.
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
• It indicates continuing action, something that will be happening,
going on, at some point in the future. This tense is formed with
the modal (will/shall) + be + -ing.
Ex: I will be running in next year’s Supreme Student Council
election.
Our campaign plans suggest that the President will be winning the
Education vote by March.
EXERCISES

1. Peggy ____ (to come) to the party on Saturday.

2. We ______ (to meet) him tomorrow.
3. This time next week he _______ (to fly) to South Africa.
4. At 6 o’clock on Friday, they _____ (to sing) the new song.
5. It _________ (to rain/probably) when I reach Bangkok.
PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE PROGRESSIVE TENSES
EXERCISE

1. Our youth ______ (hike) to the waterfalls this weekend.

2. We ____________ (camp) overnight too!
3. I ____________ (bring) marshmallows, graham crackers, and
chocolate bars.
4. Our group leaders ___________ (plan) this trip for months.
5. I ____________ (shop) just for the right gear last night.
PERFECT TENSES
PERFECT TENSES

• The perfect form of the verb tense is used to indicate a

completed, or “perfected” action or condition. This tense if
formed with has/have + past participle of the verb.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

• It indicates either that an action was completed or perfected at some

point in the past or that action extends to the present.

• I have walked two miles already.

• I have run the Milo Marathon.
• The critics have praised the film Saving Private Ryan since it came out.
SIMPLE PAST VS PRESENT PERFECT

• The choice between Simple Past vs Present Perfect is often determined by

the adverb accompanying the verb.

If adverbs refer to period gone by, use simple past.

Ex: I studied all night/yesterday/on Wednesday.
With adverbs beginning in the past and going up to present, we would use
the present perfect tense.
Ex: I have studied up to now/lately/already.
SIMPLE PAST VS PRESENT PERFECT

Use Present Perfect when reporting or announcing an event of the

recent past.
Ex: The company’s CEO has lied repeatedly to her employees.

Use Simple Past when reporting or announcing an events of the

finished, more distant past.
Ex: Duterte encouraged his policemen to uphold the rule of law.
SIMPLE PAST VS PRESENT PERFECT

Use Present Perfect when reporting or announcing an event of the

recent past.
Ex: The company’s CEO has lied repeatedly to her employees.

Use Simple Past when reporting or announcing an events of the

finished, more distant past.
Ex: Duterte encouraged his policemen to uphold the rule of law.
EXERCISES
CREATE A POSITIVE, NEGATIVE, AND QUESTION STATEMENT FROM THE
GIVEN ITEMS.

1. She/ go/ to the library today

2. You/ keep/ a pet for three years
3. You/ eat/ Thai food before
4. It/ rain/ all day
5. We/ hear/ that song already
PAST PERFECT TENSE

• It indicates that an action was completed at some point in the

past before something else happened. This tense is formed with
the past tense form had + past participle of the verb.
PAST PERFECT TENSE

• It indicates that an action was completed at some point in the past

before something else happened. This tense is formed with the
past tense form had + past participle of the verb.
Ex:
I had walked two miles by lunch time.
I had run three other marathons before entering the Milo Marathon.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB IN THE SENTENCE

1. The waiter bought a drink that I _______ (not/order).

2. I could not remember the poem we ______ (learn) the week
before.
3. The children collected the chestnuts that _____ (fall) from the
tree.
4. (He/phone) ____________ Angie before he went to see her in
London?
EXERCISES
CORRECT THE ERRORS FOUND IN EACH SENTENCE.

1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we build.

2. He has not been to Cape Town before 1997.
3. When she went out to play, she do already her homework.
4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum will be making.
5. The doctor took of the plaster that he has put on six weeks before.
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

• It indicates that an action will have been completed at some point

in the future. This tense is formed with will/shall + have + past
participle of the verb.
Ex:
I will have spent my money by this time next year.
I will have run successfully three marathons if I can finish this one.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB IN THE SENTENCE

1. I (leave) by six.
2. (You/finish) the report by the deadline?\
3. When (we/do) everything?
4. She (finish) her exams by then, so we can go out for dinner.
5. You (read) the book before the next class.
6. She (not finish) work by seven.
PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

• It indicates a continuous action that has been finished at some

point in the past or that was initiated in the past and continues to
happen.

• She has been running and her heart is still beating fast.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

• It is frequently used to describe an event of the recent past. It is

accompanied by the word just in this usage.
Ex: It has just been raining.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB IN THE SENTENCE

1. She (work) here for five years.

2. I (study) all day.
3. You (eat) a lot recently.
4. We (live) in London for six months.
5. He (play) football, so he’s tired.
6. They (learn) English for two years.
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

• It indicates a continuous action that was completed at some

point in the past. This tense is formed with had+been+-ing.
Ex: I had been working in the garden all morning.
George had been painting his house for weeks, but he finally gave
up.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB IN THE SENTENCE

1. They (chat) for over 2 hours.

2. I (wait) there for ages.
3. Brianna (sit) there for 2 minutes before the doctor (call) her
name.
4. You (work) there for several years before you (quit) your job.
5. They (jog) for a while before they (get) tired.
EXERCISES
IDENTIFY THE ERROR AND CORRECT THE SENTENCE.

6. I wait for the bus for 10 minutes when it arrive.

7. She want to rest a bit because she clean the whole day.
8. They decide to break up because they fight for a long time.
9. Alex play golf for many years before he retire.
10. Susan be hungry because she fast whole day.
FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

• It indicates a continuous action that will be completed at some

point in the future. This tense is formed with will/shall + have +
been+-ing.

Ex: Next Thursday, I will have been working on this project for
three years.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB IN THE SENTENCE.

1. By the end of this month, we (live) together for six months.

2. By midnight, we (play) Mobile Legends game for 48 hours.
3. By the end of the term, she (study) for nine years.
4. She (talk) on the phone for the a couple of hours by then.
EXERCISES
IDENTIFY THE ERROR AND CORRECT THE SENTENCE.

1. By midnight, you were dancing for 4 hours.

2. He is working there for 10 years by 2022.
3. By next week, we renovate for over a month.
4. By this time tomorrow, I did this exercise for a long time.
5. Bob and Sarah cook for 2 hours at 8 o’clock.
 VERB TENSES

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

SIMPLE I ate pizza yesterday. I eat pizza everyday. I will eat pizza tomorrow.

CONTINUOUS I was eating pizza when I am eating pizza right I will be eating pizza
(PROGRESSIVE) you arrived. now. when you arrive.

PERFECT I had eaten all of the I have eaten all of the I will have eaten all the
pizza when you arrived. pizza. pizza by the time you
arrive.
PERFECT CONTINUOUS I had been eating pizza I have been eating pizza I will have been eating
(PROGRESSIVE) for 2 hours when you for 2 hours. pizza for 2 hours when
arrived. you arrive.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB.

Herbie loves trains. He first (see) a train when he was five years
old and he (be) absolutely fascinated. He (go) to a different train
station every week and (write) down the engine number of every
train he sees. He (do) this since he was seven. By the time he left
school he (collect) over 5000 different engine numbers from all
over the world.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB.

At one time, while he (stand) at a station, he (see) something very

strange. He (wait) for a train for an hour when he suddenly (see)
an old steam locomotive coming down the tracks. It (not stop) at
the station and when it (pass), Herbie (see) that all the passengers
(wear) old-fashioned clothes.
EXERCISES
FILL IN THE CORRECT VERB.

At one time, while he (stand) at a station, he (see) something very

strange. He (wait) for a train for an hour when he suddenly (see)
an old steam locomotive coming down the tracks. It (not stop) at
the station and when it (pass), Herbie (see) that all the passengers
(wear) old-fashioned clothes.
1. My family (buy) some land in Southern France recently. They (build) a
summer house there at the moment.
2. Andy and Mary (go) to a concert tomorrow night. They (look forward to)
it the whole week.
3. Jona (watch) the news on TV every day and it (help) him with his
English.
4. My car (break) down when I (drive) home from work. I (fix) it if I
(know) what was wrong. But I didn’t so I (have) to take it to the garage.
5. She (not see) her father since he (start) to work in Manila two years ago.
6. I (just see) the film “The Da Vinci Code”. (You see) it too?
7. No, I (have) but I (read) the book.
8. Linda phoned and explained she (can not) to come to the party the next
day because she (be) sick.
9. My sister (fly) home from London today. Her flight (arrive) in an hour so
I (leave) for the airport right now to get here in time.