English Grammar in Context

Presented by

Daw Thwe Thwe Maw

English Language Teacher

Technological University, Monywa

4/22/2023
 Overview
✔ Macmillan English Grammar in Context
✔ Teaching grammar points at the level of Council of
Europe Framework (CEF) A1, A2, and
B1grammar
✔ Teaching materials
✔ Teaching period (on two days consecutively)
✔ Assessment type ( formative assessment)
 Teaching materials

⮚Asking questions – present

⮚Asking questions – past
⮚Asking questions – future
⮚The different ways of use : Have or Have got
⮚The different ways of use : Maybe or May be
⮚The difference: Be used to and used to
⮚Indirect and polite questions
⮚Dependent prepositions (1)
⮚Dependent prepositions (2)
 Asking questions - present
When we ask questions, the position of the subject in the
sentence usually changes.
Yes / No questions
is/are + subject + etc
Are you English? Yes, I’m. / No, I’m not.
Is she happy? Yes, she is. / No, She isn’t.
is/are + subject + verb + etc
Is it raining? Yes, it’s. / No, it isn’t.
Are they reading? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
do/does + subject + verb + etc
Do you speak English? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does she write email? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
Do you eat/have breakfast? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Questions with What, Why, When, Where, How, Who
Q-word + is/are + subject + etc
When is she at work? → She’s at work in the morning.
Where are they staffs? → They’re staffs at University.
Who are they? → They’re returning officers.

Q-word + is/are + subject + verb + etc

What time is Scott leaving? → He’s leaving at 9.00.
Why is he going out? → He’s going out to meet friend.
How is she feeling? → She’s feeling happy.

Q-word + do/does + subject + verb + etc

What time do you go to work? → I go to work at 9.00.
What time do you get to work? → I get to work at 9.30.
When does he meet? → He meets every weekend.
Who does she go out with? →She goes out with Mya Mya.
In this type of question you can not use “ do or does”

Who loves her? → NOT Who does love her?

Who helps you? → NOT Who does help you?
How many people study here?
NOT How many people do study here?
Which computer works best?
NOT Which computer does work best?
Note : sometimes we don’t know who or what the subject is
and we need to ask questions where the question word (who,
what, how many, etc)is the subject of the question.
John loves someone →Who does John love?
Someone loves John →Who loves John?
Practice test
Write questions about the things underlined in the
statements.
1. Sam sees Joe every day at school.
2. We are under a lot of pressure because we have to
finished this job by Friday.
3.He is playing for Manchester United this season.
4.His school has four different sites.
5.Over 200 students take the exam.
6. The school employs over 60 teachers.
7.He’s studying photography in the evening.
8. Students are under a lot of pressure at exam time.
Practice test answers

1.Who does Sam see every at school?

Where does Sam see Joe every day?
2.Why are you under a lot of pressure
3.What is he playing for this season?
4.How many sites does his school has?
5.How many students take the exam?
6.How many teachers does the school employ?
7.What is he studying in the evening?
8.When are students under a lot of pressure?
 Asking questions - past

Yes / No questions
was / were + subject + etc
Was he at the party? → Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
Were they on time? → Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
was / were + subject + verb + etc
Was she waiting for you? → Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t.
Were you working? → Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t.
did + subject + verb + etc
Did it rain on your holiday? → Yes, it did. / No, it didn’t.
Did you meet your friend? → Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
have/has + subject + verb + ect
Have you been here before? → Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
Has Ko Ko phoned? → Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t.
Questions with What, Why, When, Where, How, Who
Q-word + was/were + subject +etc
When was she at school? → She was at school last week.
Where were they yesterday? → They were at home.
Q-word + was/were + subject + verb + etc
What was Daw Mya doing there?→ She was typing there.
Where were they going ? → They were going to the park.
Q-word + did + subject + verb + etc
What time did you get to home? → I got to home at 4.00.
What time did they go to home? → They went to home at 3.30.
Why did she say that? → She said it because she was angry.
Q-word + have/has + subject + verb + etc
Who have you seen? → I have seen my old friend.
What has she done this time? → She has looked at phone.
How have you been? → I have been busy at work.
In this type of question you cannot use “did”

Who helped you?

NOT Who did help you?

Who wanted to improve speaking skill?

NOT Who did want to improve speaking skill?

How many learners came?

NOT How many learners did come?

Which computer went wrong?

NOT Which computer did go wrong?

What happened there?

NOT What did happen there?

How many people used social media?

NOT How many people did use social media?
 Practice test
Change each sentence into a question using the words in
brackets.
1.The phone was on the shelf. (where)
2.The keys were in the drawer. (where)
3.She watched the Korean movie yesterday evening. (what)
4.They talked about their work at 5.00. (when)
5. She was in charge of training new staff.(what)
6. They studied for three hours. (how long)
7. I dropped by the camera store to pick up our photos.
(where/what)
8. I had spicy noddle for lunch. (what)
 Practice test answers

1.Where was the phone?

2.Where were the keys?
3. What did she watch yesterday evening?
4. When did they talk about their work?
5. What was she in charge of?
6. How long did they study?
7. Where did you drop by?
Why did you drop by the camera store?
8. What have you had for lunch?
Extra studies
Questions Words (Conversation)
Ask & Answer
1.Why are you learning English?
2.Why do you want to improve your English?
3.What is the most difficult thing about learning English for
you?
4. Do you think English is an easy language to learn?
5. Do you study English after school or after graduated?
6.What is the main key to master and acquire English
language skill when speaking and writing?
7.what’s your favorite English language learning app?
8.What are you motivated in learning English?
9.Which do you prefer, learning English or using social
media?
10.How do you usually feel on a Friday?
 Asking questions - Future
Yes / No questions
will / shall + subject + verb + etc
Will she wait for you? →Yes, she will./No, she won’t.
Will they come on time? →Yes, they will./No, they won’t.
Will I see you later? →Yes, you will./No, you won’t.
Shall we go to the park? →Alright./No, let’s say here.
Shall I help you? →Yes, please./No, thanks.
is / are + subject + going to + verb + etc
Is he going to help you? →Yes, he is./No, he isn’t.
Is the weather going to get better? →Yes, it’s./No, it isn’t.
Is it going to rain this morning? →Yes, it’s./No, it isn’t.
Are you going to speak to Sue? →Yes, I’m./No, I’m not.
Are you going to cook? →Yes, I’m./No, I’m not.
Questions with What, Why, When, Where, How, Who

Question word + will + subject + verb + etc

What time will you leave the class?→I’ll leave at 10.00.
Why will she go there? →She’ll go to buy something.
When will you be there? → I’ll be there at 4.00.
How long will it take? →It’ll take for 2 hours.
What will happen next? →Good things will happen next.
Question word + is/are + subject + going to + ect
What time is he going to say that? → I’m going to say that at
lunch.
Which class are you going to attend? →I’m going to attend
English class.
What is she going to teach now? →She’s going to teach
grammar structures.
How are you going to contact her? →I’m going to contact
her by email/phone.
Use
-use questions with ‘will and going to’ to ask about events
and states in the future
-the form that depends on our intention and feelings
-Will for predictions and beliefs
-Shall for offers and requests
-Going to for plans and situations we have special knowledge
about
Ex. Will I pass the exam?
Will you get a good job?
Shall I do that for you?
Shall we go out tonight?
Are you going to see the concert tomorrow?
Are you going to be ready to learn?
Practice test
Use the prompts to write questions for the answers with going to.
1.Where / fly to ?
Cusco airport.
2.How / get / airport / hotel?
By bus.
3.What / do / afternoon / Day 1?
A tour of Cusco.
4.How long / tour / Cusco city / take?
Four and a half hours.
5.What time / leave / hotel / Day 2?
At 5.30.
6.What language / guide / speak?
English.
7.Where / have / lunch / Day 2?
At Machu Picchu.
8.How long / trip / last?
Three days.
Have / have got
-Use have in several different ways: auxiliary verb, possession, actions,
and obligation
✔ Auxiliary verb
-use *have / has as an auxiliary verb to form the present perfect tense.
Ex. Have you seen my key?
I have never been to Thailand.
Has she got a new laptop?
✔ Possession
-use *have as a verb to talk about possessions, relationships, illnesses and
the characteristics of people and things.
-use the auxiliary verbs do, does and did when we form questions and
negatives
Ex. The car doesn’t have any air conditioning.
I didn’t have time to go out with my friend.
I have a terrible headache.
Do you have a smartphone?
Does he has money?
Do you have any problems with the exercises?
✔ Actions
-use *have + object to talk about different actions.
In these expressions have can mean:
To eat/drink →have →breakfast/lunch/dinner/a meal/
a drink/coffee
To take →have →a bath/a shower/a rest/a holiday/
a day off/
To enjoy →have →a good time/a nice evening/
a beautiful dream
To give birth to →have →a baby
Some verbs can be used as a nouns after *have.
have a swim have a walk
have a ride have a chat
have a wash have a look
* Has/ have got cannot be used when have refers to actions.
‘Have and have got’ mean the same thing.
In Britain, people often use have got instead of have. The structure
is the same as the present perfect have/has got (past participle of
get), but we use it to talk about the present.
In American English, have is more standard and have got is much
more informal.

Do you have a coat? = Have you got a coat?

Do you have a smartphone? =Have you got a smartphone?
Do you have a WhatsApp account?=Have you got a
WhatsApp account?
Do you have a sister/s? =Have you got a sister/s?
I have a terrible cold. =I have got a terrible cold.
I have a Toshiba laptop. =I have got a Toshiba laptop.
We don’t have classes on Friday. =We haven’t got classes on
Friday.
The different ways of use – Maybe / May be

-Use Maybe and May be to talk about possibility.

Maybe
-an adverb
-can be used with all tenses
-means ‘perhaps’

May be
-a verb phrase
-used for the present and future only
-contains the verb Be
-focuses on someone/something
 Maybe + subject + verb
Maybe I will go shopping. In spoken English,
A:There’s something wrong with
Maybe it will be fun. my PC.
I can’t load my photos.
Maybe he will be late. B:It could be a virus, maybe.
Maybe she didn’t know. A:Would you like to have chicken
curry for lunch?
Maybe this news will be wrong. B: Maybe.
Maybe no one will come to the party.

Subject + May be + Noun/Adj./Verb-ing

He may be a doctor.
We may be late.
She may be sleeping.
It may be crowded.
There may be problem.
The difference: to be used to and used to
Use
I used to + verb
I used to be + adjective/noun
-use used to + bare infinitive(verb) to talk about things were
different in the past.
This means I did something a lot / for a long time in the
past, but now I don’t do it anymore.(I was something in the
past, but I’m not anymore.)
I’m used to + verb-ing/ noun
-use to be used to + verb-ing/noun to talk about things were
being familiar with.
This means I have experienced it before, so now I am
comfortable with it. It feels normal to me.
Form
used to + bare infinitive( verb)
used to be + adjective/noun
I used to live in Mandalay.
I used to work in UCSM.
I used to wear a computer uniform.
She used to be a teacher.
They didn’t used to like cooking.
Did you use to live in the countryside?
Ni Ni used to play card but now she plays Onet game.
I didn’t use to like coffee but now I love it.
I never used to like tea, I always drank coffee.
You never used to be so bad-tempered.
*we often say never used to instead of didn’t used to.
Form

To be + used to + -ing/noun
I’m used to spicy food.
I’m used to teaching.
I’m not used to speaking English.
I’m used to driving on the right.
I’m used to exercising regularly.
I’m used to getting up early.
She isn’t used to having her evening meal so early.
Are you used to studying English after school.
I’m not used to hot weather.
I’m not used to working with groups.
I’m not used to hanging out with my friends.
I’m used to getting on new environment.
Are you used to living alone?
Are you used to walking to work?
Are you used to getting on new job?
Indirect and polite questions

What makes a Direct question polite?

-changing ‘can’ to ‘could’ in direct questions:
Ex. Can you start to introduce yourself?( slightly rude )
Could you start to introduce yourself?( more polite )

What makes an Indirect question polite?

Introductory phrase + Q-word (or if/whether) + positive
sentence
Ex. Direct-Q : Where is Jack?
Indirect-Q: I wonder/was wondering if you know where
Jack is.(no have a ?)
Direct-Q : What time is it?
Indirect-Q: Could you tell me what time it is?(have a ?)
Indirect questions with Who, Why, What, When, Where or How or if/whether

I don’t know what John wants.

Do you know where he is going?
She didn’t tell us what she does.
I can’t remember where I left the key.
I would like to know what her mobile number is.
Could you tell me how old she is?
Do you know how many experiences she has in teaching?

*Wh -question is used for opened questions.

I wonder if he is a father.
I wonder if he has a daughter.
I wonder if she loves her daddy.
I wonder if she know how to cook.
I wonder if they are wearing the same color.

*If is used for closed questions.

*Some introductory phrases used for asking indirect
questions:
Do you know…?
I wonder / was wondering….
Can / Could you tell me…?
I have no idea….
I’m not sure…
I’d like to know…
Have you any idea…?
Would you mind telling me…?
Can I ask..?
May I ask you…?
Practice : Indirect questions

*Create a polite indirect questions with these direct

questions.
1.When does the next bus leave?
2.Are you leaving now?
3.Why are you sitting over there?
4.Where have you been?
5.Did you bring my book?
6.Can you come with us?
7.Where is the train station/ snack bar?
Dependent prepositions (1)

-means fixed to specific words/ linked to the noun

Many verbs, nouns, and adjectives are used with particular prepositions.

Verb : I’m applying for a sale manger at the store.

Adjective : Muyar is interested in reading.
Noun : There has been an increased in using social
media.
Verb + preposition
-Some common dependent preposition combinations which you need to
learn:
Ex. Today we talk about the problem.
I don’t approve of your language, young man.
Don’t laugh at me!
This shampoo smells of bananas.
Don’t count on a salary increase this year!
If you make so much noise I can’t concentrate on my work.
Words with a similar or opposite meaning often take the same
preposition.(SO=somebody, ST=something)
Verb + Pre. + SO/ST
About On In Of For
ask rely believe consist hope

agree decide participate approve prepare

know depend succeed hear pay

learn base interest think ask

think keep arrive vote

care carry work

*Some verbs can go with different prepositions, depending on the situation.
Ex.,
I agree with you on this issue.(share opinion)
I agree about the football team.
(to have the same opinion as SB)
I and my father don’t agree about/on very much.

Jenny apologized to the teacher.

Jenny apologized for arriving late.

What do you think of the concert?(what’s your opinion?)

I am thinking about a holiday beach this year.
(=I’m considering it)

He writes for newspaper.

He writes about sport.
Did you write to your mother?

Keep on until you get to the train station.

In future, keep away from Ne Ne.

He arrives in Thailand.(to get to the place, esp., at the end of a journey)

He arrives at the hotel.
The cleaner arrive (in order to) to clean the office.((arrive to is appropriate,
namely when “to” means “in order to”)
Practice test
Underline the correct word.
1.Do you believe in / for / about Lord of Buddha?
2.Lisa asked about / for / to our holiday.
3.What I do next year depends on / of / to my marks.
4.Dave was upset because everyone laughed at / about / for
his new haircut.
5.We’re learning of / to / about the Hundred Years War at
school this week.
6.Don’t argue at / with / about the teacher or you’ll get into
trouble.
7.We’re always arguing about / with / for each other about
money.
8.I’m very proud of / with / about my new car.
9.I feel very proud with / to / about be a part of the team.
Practice test answers
1.Do you believe in Lord of Buddha?
2.Lisa asked about our holiday.
3.What I do next year depends on my marks.
4.Dave was upset because everyone laughed at his new
haircut.
5.We’re learning about the Hundred Years War at school this
week.
6.Don’t argue with the teacher or you’ll get into trouble.
7.We’re always arguing with each other about
money.(~with SB/ about/ over ST)
8.I’m very proud of my master degree holder. .(~of SB or ST)
9.I feel very proud to be a part of the team.(~to do ST)
Dependent prepositions (2)

Verb + Object + Preposition

Ex. She forgave him for the mistake.
He blamed everything on me.
Police accused Jim of the theft.
This song reminds me of my childhood life.
I congratulate Jack on his marriage/new job/on his
success.
She won’t share her secret with us.(give out/hand out)
I would to share this ideas with you.(communicate)
Have you discuss the problem with anyone?
The first lecture introduces students to the main topic of
the course.
Dependent prepositions (2)

Adjective + Preposition
Ex.
He’s not happy about the result.
John was disappointed by the meal’
We are very grateful for your help.
Children are addicted to their phone/game.
She’s afraid of dark.
He was frightened of walking home alone in the dark.
We must be aware of getting advance in technology.
Parents are responsible for keeping their children.
Who’s responsible for this mess?
She’s jealous of my success.
Mi Mi had always been very jealous of her sister’s good look.
Here are some words with similar or opposite meaning often take the
same preposition.(SO=someone, ST=something)
Annoyed(adj.) With SO/ST
Thank (v) SO For ST Angry
Forgive Friendly
Provide Satisfied
Keep Bored
Use Patient
Mistake
Charge
Engaged(adj.) To SO
Friendly
Married
Polite
Present (v) SO With ST Addicted ST
Provide limited
Discuss
Share
Compare Angry(adj.) About ST
help Excited
Worried
happy
Practice test
Insert the missing prepositions for, from, of, on, to and with
into the sentences.

1.If you go to the USA you need to exchange euros dollars.

2.The government should prevent young people drinking.
3.He introduced his parents his new girlfriend.
4.Can you help me my homework?
5.You should thank your aunt your birthday present.
6.He accused her stealing the money.
7.Can you add bread the shopping list?
8.I’m afraid snake.
9.The class isn’t very friendly the new students.
10.I didn’t know she was married him.
Practice test answers

1.If you go to the USA you need to exchange euros for

dollars.
2.The government should prevent young people from
drinking.
3.He introduced his parents to his new girlfriend.
4.Can you help me with my homework?
5.You should thank your aunt for your birthday present.
6.He accused her of stealing the money.
7.Can you add bread to the shopping list?
8.I’m afraid of snake.
9.The class isn’t very friendly to the new students.
10.I didn’t know she was married to him.
Thank you!