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Scalars and Vectors

This document discusses scalars and vectors. It defines a scalar as a quantity with only magnitude, while a vector has both magnitude and direction. It provides examples of scalar and vector quantities. It also describes how to add and represent vectors using geometric and analytical methods. Key vector concepts covered include components, magnitude, direction, and different types of vectors. Sample problems demonstrate finding vector components and using trigonometry to solve for vector magnitudes and directions.

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37 views53 pages

Scalars and Vectors

This document discusses scalars and vectors. It defines a scalar as a quantity with only magnitude, while a vector has both magnitude and direction. It provides examples of scalar and vector quantities. It also describes how to add and represent vectors using geometric and analytical methods. Key vector concepts covered include components, magnitude, direction, and different types of vectors. Sample problems demonstrate finding vector components and using trigonometry to solve for vector magnitudes and directions.

Uploaded by

Regina Reg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCALARS AND

VECTORS
Joyce T. Crisologo LPT
What is a Scalar?
SCALAR

■ A scalar is a quantity that is fully described by a


magnitude only. It is described by just a single
number.
What is a vector?
VECTOR

■ A vector is a quantity that has both a


magnitude and a direction. Vector quantities
are important in the study of motion.
What is the difference between a scalar
and vector? 
A vector quantity has a direction and a
magnitude, while a scalar has only a
magnitude. You can tell if a quantity is a
vector by whether or not it has a direction
associated with it. 
Representation of a Vector
Representation of a Vector
TYPES OF VECTOR
On basis of Orientation
Parallel Vector
Equal Vector
Anti-parallel Vectors
Negative Vectors
Collinear Vectors
Co-initial Vectors
Co-terminus Vectors
Coplanar Vectors
Non-coplanar Vectors
TYPES OF VECTORS
(on the basis of effect)
Polar Vectors
Axial Vectors
VECTOR ADDITION
(Geometrical Method)
Triangle Law ( HEAD TO TAIL)

R = A+B
Parallelogram Law ( TAIL TO TAIL)
Polygon Law
Commutative Property
VECTOR ADDITION
(ANALYTICAL
METHOD)
Basic concept of trigonometry are important in
Analytical Method.
Components of Vector

Magnitude of Vector
)

Direction of the Vector


Case I – Vectors are parallel (𝛉 = 𝟎°)
Case II – Vectors are perpendicular (𝛉
= 𝟗𝟎°)
Case III – Vectors are anti-parallel (𝛉 =
𝟏𝟖𝟎°)
UNITS OF VECTORS
Cartesian unit vectors
Resolution of a Vector
Rectangular Components of 2D
Vectors
Rectangular Components of 2D
Vectors
Magnitude & direction from
components
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
a. The following diagram shows a variety of
displacement vectors. Express each vector in
component (ij) notation.

A = ȋ7 + ĵ3

B = - ĵ6
b. The given vector components correspond to the
vector R.
.

■ Use the inverse tangent function to


find the distance angle ϴ :
■ Use the Pythagorean Theorem to
determine the magnitude of r:
SOLUTION:
X = 14m; Y= -9.5m
■ = -34ᵒ or 34 degrees below positive x axis.
■ R = = 17m
GUIDED PROBLEM
A. What are the components of a vector of
magnitude 1.5 m at an angle of 35° from
the positive x-axis?
B. A ship leaves its home port expecting to
travel to a port 500.0 km due south. Before
it moves even 1 km, a severe storm blows
it 100.0 km due east. How far is the ship
from its destination? In what direction
must it travel to reach its destination?
SEAT WORK
Use the parallelogram method to sketch in the resultant vector which has the components shown in the
diagrams below. In each case write the vector.
wr
it
e the vector in component (i, j) form.

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