Name:- Prakash Kumar Rai

Guide Name:- Mr. Kuldeep Kumar

Enrollment No:- A2326213001

Batch:- M.Tech (Automobile Engg.) 1st

Sem

Topic:- Multi Point Fuel Injection System

The main purpose of the MPFI is to supply a
proper ratio of gasoline and air to the cylinders.
These system function under two basic
arrangements, namely:-
A) Port injection
B) throttle body injection
 Port Injection
In the port injection arrangement, the injector is
placed on the side of the intake manifold near the
intake port. The injector spray gasoline into air,
inside the intake manifold. The gasoline into the air,
inside the intake manifold. The gasoline mixes with
the air in a reasonably uniform manner. This mixture
of gasoline and air then passes through the intake
valve and enter into the cylinder. Every cylinder is
provided with an injector in its intake manifold. If
there are six cylinders, there will be six injectors.
Throttle Body Injection System
This throttle body is similar to the
carburetor throttle body, with the throttle
valve controlling the amount of air entering
the intake manifold. An injector is placed
slightly above the throat of the throttle body.
The injector sprays gasoline into the air in
the intake manifold where the gasoline
mixes with air. This mixture then passes
through the throttle valve and enters into the
intake manifold.
Classification

MPFI system are classified based on

working into two type:-

1) D-MPFI
2) L-MPFI
D-MPFI
In D-MPFI system (Manifold Fuel Injection
System), we measure the vacuum created in the
intake manifold and air volume using its
density.
The block diagram of D-MPFI system shows
the complete working of the system. Mainly
we take the help of sensors and measure intake
manifold vacuum using manifold pressure
sensor and engine speed using speed sensor.
After that both information's are sent to the
ECU which further regulates the petrol supply.
 L-MPFI
In L-MPFI system (Port Fuel Injection
System), we measure engine speed and the
amount of air actually entering in the engine.
If we look at the block diagram of the L-
MPFI system, air flow sensor measures
actual amount of air and speed sensor
measures the engine speed. Both
information's are then sent to ECU which
regulates the supply of petrol. -
Components of MPFI
 The system has four major components they are
1. Air intake system
2. Fuel delivery system
3. Electronic control system
4. Emission control system
 Air intake system
 It includes air filter, throttle body, intake manifold,
and finally drawn into the combustion chamber
 Air Intake system
Throttle body
It consist of throttle valve, T P sensor, which detect the
throttle valve opening
Idle air control valve which supplies bypass air depending
on the engine condition
Fuel delivery system
It includes fuel pump, fuel filter and injector
Fuel pump
ECM controls its operation and centrifugal pump is used to
pump the fuel
The fuel pump also has a check valve to keep some
pressure in fuel feed line even when fuel pump is stopped
Pressure Regulator system
It keep the fuel pressure applied to the
injector 2.9kg/cm^2
Injector
Each cylinder have one injector
It inject the fuel into the inlet manifold according to
the signal from ECM
Electronic control system
The electronic control system consist of various
sensors which detect the state of engine and driving
conditions
Control System are:-
Fuel injection control system
In which ECM controls the timing of fuel
injection according to the signals from
various sensors
Injection time is calculated on the basis of
engine speed
Idle speed control system
It keep the engine idle speed as specified
at all times
Fuel Pump Control System
ECM controls the ON\OFF operation of the
fuel pump
Ignition control system
This system controls ignition timing
The ECM judges the engine conditions by
using signals from various sensors selects
suitable ignition timing
Controls of this system includes
Ignition timing at the engine start
Ignition timing after engine start
Radiator Fan Control System
Radiator fan motor is turned ON and OFF by using
relays
Radiator fan motor turned ON at below 98degree
Celsius and OFF at below93degree Celsius
Engine Control Module
It consist of micro computer, analogue\digital
converter
It controls fuel injector, IAC valve, fuel pump relay
….etc

Advantage of MPFI over carburetor

In petrol vehicles carburetor is used for supplying

air fuel mixture to the cylinder
In response to the recent demand for cleaner
exhaust emission improved drivability and mileage
carburetor is not sufficient
In place of the carburetor MPFI system is used in
vehicles
MPFI system is injects fuel into individual cylinders
based on commands from engine control module
The MPFI gives higher output, faster throttle
response under varying driving conditions
Advantage of MPFI over Carburetor
*) More uniform A/F mixture will be supplied to each
cylinder; hence the difference in power developed
in each cylinder is minimum. Vibration from the
engine equipped with this system is less, due to this
the life of engine components is improved.

*) No need to crank the engine twice or thrice in

case of cold starting as happens in the carburetor
system.

*) Immediate response, in case of sudden

acceleration / deceleration.
Advantage of MPFI over Caruburator
*) Since the engine is controlled by
ECM* (Engine Control Module), more
accurate amount of A/F mixture will be
supplied and as a result complete
combustion will take place. This leads
to effective utilization of fuel supplied
and hence low emission level.
*) The mileage of the vehicle will be
improved.
Reference:-

*)Book of I.C engine..V. Ganeshan &

M.L Mathur
Thank You