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    Zener Diodes Problems Notes

    Uploaded by

    psathishkumar1232544
    This document discusses three operating conditions for a Zener diode voltage regulator: 1) Fixed supply voltage and fixed load resistance 2) Fixed supply voltage and variable load resistance 3) Variable supply voltage and fixed load resistance. Examples are provided to illustrate how to analyze each condition and calculate important values like minimum/maximum load resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Zener Diodes Problems Notes

    Uploaded by

    psathishkumar1232544
    82 views20 pages
    This document discusses three operating conditions for a Zener diode voltage regulator: 1) Fixed supply voltage and fixed load resistance 2) Fixed supply voltage and variable load resistance 3) Variable supply voltage and fixed load resistance. Examples are provided to illustrate how to analyze each condition and calculate important values like minimum/maximum load resistances.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    This document discusses three operating conditions for a Zener diode voltage regulator: 1) Fixed supply voltage and fixed load resistance 2) Fixed supply voltage and variable load resistance 3) Variable supply voltage and fixed load resistance. Examples are provided to illustrate how to analyze each condition and calculate important values like minimum/maximum load resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    82 views20 pages

    Zener Diodes Problems Notes

    Uploaded by

    psathishkumar1232544
    This document discusses three operating conditions for a Zener diode voltage regulator: 1) Fixed supply voltage and fixed load resistance 2) Fixed supply voltage and variable load resistance 3) Variable supply voltage and fixed load resistance. Examples are provided to illustrate how to analyze each condition and calculate important values like minimum/maximum load resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    1 Introduction.

    2 Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    3 Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Introduction.

    Table of Contents

    1 Introduction.

    2 Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    3 Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Introduction.

    Introduction:

    The Zener diode has three regions of operations. Each


    region has it own approximation model.
    It can be used as a part of protection circuit or as a
    voltage regulator.
    The use of the Zener diode as a regulator is so
    common that three conditions surrounding the
    analysis of the basic Zener regulator are considered:
    1 Fixed load and fixed supply voltage.
    2 Fixed supply voltage and variable load.
    3 Variable supply voltage and fixed load. Zener diode characteristics
    The first case is already studied in the previous semester
    and will briefly reviewed.

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    Table of Contents

    1 Introduction.

    2 Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    3 Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL :
    Example

    Example
    For the Zener diode regulator,
    1 Determine VL , VR , IZ and PZ .
    2 If the load is changed to RL = 3 k Ω,
    repeat the above problem.

    Example

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL :

    Solution:
    1 Determine the voltage across the Zener diode to

    determine its state:


    Vi RL 1.2
    Vzener = VL = = 16 = 8.73 V
    R L+ R 1
    + 1.2
    Since the voltage across the Zener is smaller than
    VZ and the diode is reverse, then the Zener is OFF.

    VL = Vzener = 8.73 V

    VR = Vi − VL = 16 − 8.73 = 7.27 V Example


    IZ = 0
    PZ = 0 Watts
    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny
    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL :

    Solution:
    2 If RL = 3 k Ω :

    RL 16 × 3
    Vzener = Vi = = 12 V
    R+R L 1+3
    Since the voltage across the zener is greater than
    VZ then the zener is operating in the zener region
    and can be approximated as battery with VZ :

    VL = VZ = 10V
    Example
    VR = Vi − VL = 16 − 10 = 6V
    VR 6V
    IR = = = 6mA
    R 1k
    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny Ω
    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    Fixed Vi , Fixed RL :

    Solution:
    VL 10V
    IL = = = 3.33 mA
    RL 3k
    IZ = IR − IΩ
    L = 6 − 3.33 = 2.67 mA

    The power dissipated by the Zener diode is:

    PZ = IZ × VZ = 26.7 mW Example

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Table of Contents

    1 Introduction.

    2 Fixed Vi , Fixed RL .

    3 Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    The load resistance RL determines the


    state of the Zener (on or off ).
    Too small a RL will result in a voltage VL
    across the load resistor less than VZ , and
    the Zener device will be in the “off” state.
    We need to find the range of load
    resistance that ensure the on state for the
    zener diode
    RL
    VL = Vi
    R + RL

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    To determine the minimum load


    resistance, RLmin :
    It is the resistance that will result in a lad
    voltage VL = VZ :

    RL
    VL = VZ = Vi
    R + RL
    R VZ
    RLmin =
    Vi − V Z
    So, if a load resistance is grater than RLmin
    then the Zener will be on and:
    VL VZ
    ILmax = =
    RL RLmin
    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny
    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    To determine the maximum load


    resistance, RLmax :
    Once the diode is ON, the voltage across R is fixed at:
    VR = Vi − VZ

    and,
    VR
    IR =
    R
    The Zener current is:
    IZ = IR − IL

    IZ is limited to the maximum


    zener current IZM from
    the data sheet.
    ILmin = IR −VIZM
    Z
    RLmax =
    I Lmin

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    Example:
    1 For the shown network, determine the
    range of RL and IL that will result in VL
    being maintained at 10 V .
    2 Determine the maximum wattage rating
    of the diode.

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    Solution:
    R VZ 1k Ω 10V
    RLmin = =
    Vi − VZ 50V − 10V
    RLmin = 250 Ω
    VL VZ 10
    ILmax = = = = 40mA
    RL RLmin 250

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    Solution:
    VR = Vi − VZ = 50 − 10 = 40 V
    VR 40V
    IR = = = 40mA
    R 1k
    Ω
    ILmin = IR − IZM = 40 − 32 = 8mA
    VZ 10 V
    RLmax = =
    ILmin 8 mA

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny


    Fixed Vi , Variable RL .

    Fixed Vi , Variable RL :

    Solution:

    PZmax = VZ IZM = (10 V )(32 mA) = 320mW

    Dr. Haitham El-Hussieny

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