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    Vichi Goel (Case of Polycystic Kidney Disease)

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    Hey Reel
    This document discusses a case of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). PKD is a common genetic disease where multiple cysts develop in the kidneys and sometimes in other organs like the liver and pancreas. There are two principal types - autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. Autosomal dominant PKD accounts for 85% of cases and is caused by mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes. Ultrasound and CT scans are used to diagnose and monitor PKD by detecting and counting renal cysts. This case report examines imaging findings from ultrasound and CT scans of 5 PKD patients which showed enlarged kidneys with multiple cysts of varying sizes in the kidneys as well as cysts in

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    Vichi Goel (Case of Polycystic Kidney Disease)

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    Hey Reel
    57 views11 pages
    This document discusses a case of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). PKD is a common genetic disease where multiple cysts develop in the kidneys and sometimes in other organs like the liver and pancreas. There are two principal types - autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. Autosomal dominant PKD accounts for 85% of cases and is caused by mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes. Ultrasound and CT scans are used to diagnose and monitor PKD by detecting and counting renal cysts. This case report examines imaging findings from ultrasound and CT scans of 5 PKD patients which showed enlarged kidneys with multiple cysts of varying sizes in the kidneys as well as cysts in

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    This document discusses a case of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). PKD is a common genetic disease where multiple cysts develop in the kidneys and sometimes in other organs like the liver and pancreas. There are two principal types - autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. Autosomal dominant PKD accounts for 85% of cases and is caused by mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes. Ultrasound and CT scans are used to diagnose and monitor PKD by detecting and counting renal cysts. This case report examines imaging findings from ultrasound and CT scans of 5 PKD patients which showed enlarged kidneys with multiple cysts of varying sizes in the kidneys as well as cysts in

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    57 views11 pages

    Vichi Goel (Case of Polycystic Kidney Disease)

    Uploaded by

    Hey Reel
    This document discusses a case of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). PKD is a common genetic disease where multiple cysts develop in the kidneys and sometimes in other organs like the liver and pancreas. There are two principal types - autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. Autosomal dominant PKD accounts for 85% of cases and is caused by mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes. Ultrasound and CT scans are used to diagnose and monitor PKD by detecting and counting renal cysts. This case report examines imaging findings from ultrasound and CT scans of 5 PKD patients which showed enlarged kidneys with multiple cysts of varying sizes in the kidneys as well as cysts in

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    CASE OF POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE

    By Dr Vichi Goel

    Under guidance of: DR. CHANDRA RAYCHAUDHARI

    Institute: S.B.K.S MIRC, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth,Pipariya,Vadodara.


    INTRODUCTION
    PKD is a common and often lethal multiorgan disease in which multiple cysts develop in bilateral
    kidneys and sometimes in liver(50%),pancreas,spleen,lungs. 15% cases may have associated berry
    aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm. It has 2 principal types- 1.autosomal recessive 2.autosomal
    dominant. In autosomal recessive polycystic disease of the kidneys (ARPCK) the renal parenchyma is
    replaced by numerous tiny (1–8 mm) cysts. It has been referred to as infantile PCK but there are four
    subtypes (perinatal, neonatal, infantile and juvenile), so ARPCK is the preferred term. Most present in
    the neonatal period with oligohydramnios and Potter’s syndrome, with early death from respiratory
    failure.In autosomal dominant, there are three genetic mutations in the PKD-1, PKD-2 and PKD-3 gene
    with similar phenotypical presentations. Gene PKD-1 is located on chromosome 16 and codes for a
    protein involved in regulation of cell cycle and intracellular calcium transport in epithelial cells, and is
    responsible for 85% of the cases of ADPKD. A group of voltage – linked channels are coded for by PKD-
    2 on chromosome 4. PKD recently appeared in research papers as a postulated 3rd gene. Approximately
    50% of people with this disease will develop end stage kidney disease and require dialysis or kidney
    transplantation. Progresssion to end stage kidney disease usually happens in the 4 th to 6th decades of
    life. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease occurs world wide and affects about 1 in 400 to 1 in
    1000 people.
    Ravine ultrasonographic criteria for
    diagnosing ADPKD

    Age Positive family history Negative family history

    < 30 years Two cysts bilaterally(or Five cysts bilaterally


    unilaterally)

    30-60 years Four cysts bilaterally Five cysts bilaterally

    > 60 years Eight cysts bilaterally Eight cysts bilaterally


    AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
    •Describe the imaging features of polycystic
    kidney disease
    •Discuss the role of CECT as an adjunct to
    ultrasonography in evaluation of polycystic
    kidney disease
    METHODS
    •Study design : Cross-sectional Observational study.
    •Source of data : Patients referred to the department of
    radiodiagnosis of Dhiraj General Hospital and found to
    have polycystic kidney disease
    •Sample size: 5 patients were included in the study.
    CASE HISTORY

    Clinical manifestations of ADPKD in the


    symptomatic patients were hypertension, a history
    of back and abdominal pain , symptoms consistent
    with UTI , hematuria. One of the patients presented
    with the manifestations of end stage renal failure.
    RESULTS
    USG
    Ultrasound shows bilateral grossly enlarged kidneys with irregular margins.Right kidney measures 18x 11
    cms and left kidney measures 19x 12 cms.Both kidneys show multiple asymmetric cysts of variable sizes
    largest being 5 cm in the right kidney and 4 cm in left kidney.
    Liver and pancreas shows multiple cysts.
    CECT whole abdomen
    CECT whole abdomen shows bilateral enlarged kidneys due to multiple cysts of variable
    size and shape. Liver also appears enlarged with multiple cysts of variable size. Few cysts
    also seen in pancreas. Cystic mass with septation seen in right adenexa measuring 46 X
    33mm inseparable from right ovary.
    CONCLUSION
    Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is characterized by development of
    renal cysts with increasing age, leading to distortion of normal kidney architecture
    and ultimately, end stage renal disease in majority of patients.Hence prompt diagnosis
    is most important.
    Imaging techniques are used not only for diagnosing the disease and its
    complications, but also for assessing the disease progression. The assessment of
    disease progression requires determination of the number and size of cysts as well as
    the size of kidneys. Although ultrasonography is the method of choice in ADPKD
    diagnosis, CT scan is more useful in assessing the disease progression. Limitations
    of ultrasonography are associated, among other factors, with its dependence on
    methodology and operator reliability. In addition, ultrasound scanning is ineffective in
    the assessment of small cysts, smaller than 1 cm in size.  
     
    THANKYOU

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