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ES Device Part3

The document outlines a study on using electrical stimulation to accelerate wound healing. It discusses: 1. Designing a device that uses high voltage pulse current to stimulate wound healing in a safe and non-invasive manner. 2. The physiological effects of endogenous bioelectric currents and how exogenous electric currents can promote wound healing. 3. How factors like polarity, voltage, duration and frequency can influence wound healing when electrical stimulation is applied.

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45 views23 pages

ES Device Part3

The document outlines a study on using electrical stimulation to accelerate wound healing. It discusses: 1. Designing a device that uses high voltage pulse current to stimulate wound healing in a safe and non-invasive manner. 2. The physiological effects of endogenous bioelectric currents and how exogenous electric currents can promote wound healing. 3. How factors like polarity, voltage, duration and frequency can influence wound healing when electrical stimulation is applied.

Uploaded by

noor almosawie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simulation and Implementation Of

Electric Therapy In Wound Healing

BY:
Farah Jalal Jasem
Supervised By:
Prof. DR. Jamel Kadhem Prof. Dr.Ahmed Rashid
Thesis Out line:
- Abstract
- The Aim and the motivation Of The study
- Physiological background of Endogenous bioelectric current
- Effects of exogenous electric current on wound healing
- Effect of polarity on wound healing
- Methodology
- Conclusions
Abstract:
Underlying conditions ranging from malnutrition, to stress, to metabolic syndrome,
predispose patients to chronic, non healing wounds. From an economic point of
view, the annual wound care products market is expected to reach $15–22 billion by
2024.
Researchers have begun to examine the influence of several therapeutic
approaches designed to accelerate wound healing. In this work designed device
used to treat the wounds by electrical stimulation (ES) using high voltage pulls
current (HVPC) which encompasses different circuits including: boost converter, h-
bridge, microcontroller circuit was designed to provide a High changeable pulse
voltage adjusted by a potentiometer to achieve the safety to the case also to
provide an efficient range of therapy and a pulse signal interruption controlled by
microcontroller ESP. The system programmed by using Arduino IDE. The system
programmed by using Arduino IDE.
The Motivation Of The Study :
Design and manufacturing an Electrical-bandage device to speed up wound healing
Promotes wound healing in patients with Diabetics disease, Pressure ulcers, Aging,
Immune diseases, surgical infection, venous infection and others. This system is non-
invasive use high voltage pulse current (HVPC) to stimulating wound healing. This is
done by achieving :

the following goals:


1. Design high voltage pulse current pulse current module.
2. Implement and operate the proposed design of the module.
3. Extract the results by applying the generated signal on different subjects.
4. Evaluated to proposal module.
Physiological background :
Endogenous bioelectric current :

It is known that the human body possesses an endogenous bioelectric


system that produces natural electrochemical signals in different areas, such
as the brain, skin, muscles, heart, and bones. In the physiological solution,
there are no free electrons to carry the current. Thus, it is carried by charged
ions. Across the tissues, asymmetric ionic flows generate electrical
potentials (Figure 2.2). A transepithelial electric potential, named skin
battery, is generated by the movement of ions through Na+/K+ ATPase
pumps of the epidermis. The current of injury, which is essential for normal
wound healing (Figure 2.3), is generated during skin injury. This electrical
leak, which is a long-lasting lateral electrical potential, short-circuits the skin
battery. Ca2+, Na+, K+, and Cl− ions are the main components of this
electrical current. The current of injury, measurable 2–3 mm around the
wound and from around 10 to 60 mV, creates an electrical potential directed
toward the wound with the negative pole at the wound center and the
positive at the edge and attracts cells toward the injury. The current is
sustained in a moist environment and shuts off when a wound dries out .
Current of ingury is essential for normal wound healing
Effects of exogenous electric current on wound healing:
ES is used in several disciplines, such as:
- electro analgesia for chronic pain control
- pacemakers to regulate heartbeat
- cochlear stimulation to aid hearing
- functional ES to restore mobility in people with a paralyzed limb(s)
in addition, to enhance wound healing there are three main therapeutic
approaches have been identified: direct current (DC), alternative current (AC),
pulsed current (PC), In each therapeutic approach, different parameters, such
as the voltage, duration, frequency, phase, mode, and type of pulse, can be
controlled
Depending on the protocol during inflammation :
• ES induces a faster inflammatory response

• increased vascular vasodilatation that increases tissue oxygenation.

• blood flow and skin temperature .

• During the proliferation phase, ES generates increased angiogenesis collagen


matrix formation , wound contraction.

• during the remodeling phase, increased cellular activity produces an advanced


remodeling at a systemic level.
Effect of polarity on wound healing :
The polarity of ES effect on wound healing stimulation.

1- Direct placement : a treatment electrode of the selected polarity placed in


direct contact with the wound and the return electrode placed on intact peri-
wound skin.

2- Indirect placement : that two electrodes placed on both sides of the wound It
is usually used when the wound is larger than surface electrodes

Negative Polarity (-)


. Increases Vascularity.
. Increases Stimulation of fibroblastic growth.
. Increases Collagen production.
. Increases Epidermal cell
. Inhibits bacterialgrowth
Positive Polarity (+)
. Increases macrophages.
. Promotes epithelial growth.
Direct and inditect placement electrodes
Methodology
Contains two part:
- Simulation by proteus
- Implementation

System Design :
The goal of the study was to construct an integrated system, which
encompasses different modules including: the Hight voltage pulse
generation and skin-electrode interface. Each one of these modules
is either constructed from
1. hardware parts
2. software programs
Schematic block diagram of HVPC
The proposed HVPC unit will overcome the following problem:

1. It is a non-invasive system because of the choice of an appropriate type of surface


electrodes, which makes it easier to be self-administered by the patients.

2. It provides a low-cost system for controlling wound healing as opposed to


pharmacological drugs, which can cost a lot of money, especially if needed for long
periods.

3. It is small and compact in size, which provides the patients with more comfort
when using the unit.

4. Light-weight, wearable and easily reach the wound site by using two electrodes
with wire 1m length.

5. Regular use of the unit results in the following positive results: wound
contraction, easier physical movement, and fewer trips to the doctor.
6. It is safe and has no side effects as opposed to related drugs.
Conclusions :
It is believed that electrical stimulation is a safe, simple and reusable method of
wound healing involving the use of high voltage pulse current. When the
machine is switched on, electrical impulses are delivered to the wound area of
the body by applying two electrodes on the wound site, which is felt as a tingling
sensation. The electrical impulses can adjust by
using a potentiometer, the signals applied on the wound site increases tissue
oxygenation, blood flow angiogenesis,
collagen matrix formation, and wound contraction.
High voltage pulse current (HVPC)

The determination of the magnitude of output voltage, Pulse


duration and Pulse frequency is an important parameter to consider
when designing the E-bandage. The module High voltage .
pulse current (HVPC)which encompasses different modules including:
boost converter, hbridge, microcontroller circuit was designed to
provide a High changeable pulse voltage adjusted by a potentiometer
to achieve the safety to the case also to provide an efficient range of
therapy and a pulse signal interruption controlled by
microcontrollerESP .
The HVPC module consists of:
- Battery (3.7V,600 mAh)

- Boost Converter (LT1171)

- Potential Resistance

- Current sensor (INA219 DC)

- NodeMCU ESP8266

- H-bridge Circuit (L298N)

- Electrode

- Resistances, capacitors and diodes


chargeable Battery:
lithium -ion battery 3.7v ,600mah that
supply electric circuit dc voltage, tp4056
3.7V lithium battery charger module with
Micro USB Small and light weight, especially
for a single lithium battery charging that
contain red, blue led light red referred the
battery charging and blue referred the
battery fully charge as shown in Figure
Boost Converter (LT1171) :
LT1171 is a 40.00 V, 2.50 A switch current
limit non-sync Boost Converter from the
input voltage from 3.00 V to 40.00 V can be
boosted into an output voltage ranging
from 3.00 V to 40.00 V as shown in Figure .
have many unique features not found even
on the vastly more difficult to use low power
control chips presently available.
Potential Resistance :
Potentiometers (POT) they can provide a
variable resistance. It can be classified
based on two main parameters. One is
their Resistance (R-ohms) itself and the
other is its Power (PWatts) rating. The
value or resistance decides how much
opposition it provides to the flow of
current. We use(0Ω-100kΩ) Potentiometer
Pin Configuration (one end of the resistive
track, to provide variable voltage, to
another end of the resistive track) as
shown in Figure .
we use Potential Resistance to Adjusted
the voltage of Boost Converter.
Micro controller (NodeMCU
ESP8266) :
The NodeMCU (Node Microcontroller
Unit) is an open-source software and
hardware development environment
built around an inexpensive System-
on-a-Chip (SoC) called the ESP8266.
The ESP8266, contains the crucial
elements of a computer: CPU, RAM,
networking (Wi-Fi), Board can be easily
programmed with Arduino IDE since it
is easy to use. That makes it an
excellent choice for the Internet of
Things (IoT) projects of all kinds. I use
this type to control pulse duration as
shown in Figure .
Current sensor (INA219 DC):

The INA219 based Current sensor as


shown in Figure It can sense load
voltage, current,
and power at the same time
connected to ESP8266
H-bridge Circuit (L298N) :
This L298N Motor Driver Module is a high-
power motor driver module for driving DC
and
Stepper Motors. This module consists of
an L298 motor driver IC and a 78M05 5V
regulator.
L298N Module can control up to 4 DC
motors, or 2 DC motors with directional
and speed
control L298N was shown in Figure
The circuit diagram for the high voltage pulse current module

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