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Browsing Web

This document discusses browsing the web and key concepts related to websites, webpages, and web servers. It covers: - Websites can contain many pages and a homepage is the primary page. Portals offer access to varied content and services. - Webpages contain common elements like logos, images, links, ads, and contact info. - Web servers host websites and pages and respond to browser requests, allowing for client-server computing on the web. Larger sites use multiple servers.

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Ahmad Abu Shamma
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
20 views50 pages

Browsing Web

This document discusses browsing the web and key concepts related to websites, webpages, and web servers. It covers: - Websites can contain many pages and a homepage is the primary page. Portals offer access to varied content and services. - Webpages contain common elements like logos, images, links, ads, and contact info. - Web servers host websites and pages and respond to browser requests, allowing for client-server computing on the web. Larger sites use multiple servers.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Abu Shamma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 50

2

Browsing the
Web

Discovering the
Internet,
5th Edition
Websites, Webpages, and Web
Servers
 Websites
– Number of pages varies depending on site’s
purpose and type of content and services it
provides
– Home page is the primary webpage at a website
– A web portal, or simply a portal, is a special type
of website that offers access to a vast range of
content and services

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 2


Websites, Webpages, and Web
Servers

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 3


Websites, Webpages, and Web
Servers
 Webpages
– Designed to attract visitors and hold their attention
– Common characteristics
• Logo and/or name
• Images and media
• Links
• Advertisements
• Search tool
• Connectivity links or icons
• Copyright statement
• Link to a privacy and security policy statement

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 4


Websites, Webpages, and Web
Servers

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 5


Websites, Webpages, and Web
Servers
 Web Servers
– Browser is a client that requests services from a
web server
– Server “serves up” or provides the requested
resources or services
• Web browsing is example of client/server computing

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 6


Websites, Webpages, and Web
Servers
 Web Servers (continued)
– Single web server can host multiple websites
– Larger websites may be stored across multiple
web servers

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 7


Domain Names, IP Addresses,
and URLs
 IP Address
– A unique number that identifies each computer or
device connected to the Internet
– Static IP addresses seldom change
– Dynamic IP addresses are temporary
– 2 Versions
• IPv4: 4 numbers (0-255) separated by a dot.
– Example: 69.32.133.11
• IPv6: 8 hexadecimal numbers (0- 65,535) separated by
a colon
– Example: 3ffe:1900:4545:3:200:f8ff:fe21:67cf
Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 8
Domain Names, IP Addresses,
and URLs

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 9


Domain Names, IP Addresses,
and URLs
 Domain Names
– A text alias for one or more IP addresses
• cengage.com is domain name for 69.32.133.11
– Domain Name System (DNS) uses name servers
to translate domain name to numeric IP address
• Managed by ICANN (The Internet Corporation for
Assigned Names and Numbers)
• TLD (.com, .edu, .gov, .biz, and so forth)
• ccTLD (.us, .uk, .ca, and so forth)

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 10


Domain Names, IP Addresses,
and URLs

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 11


Domain Names, IP Addresses,
and URLs
 Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
– A unique web address
• http:// protocol
• host
• domain name
• path
• webpage name

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 12


Connecting to the Internet

 Check to be sure you are connected


– Smartphone – check for connection
– Mobile device – access Settings menu or folder to
enable Wi-Fi
– Laptop or desktop – go to settings or Control Panel
to enable Wi-Fi

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 13


Browsers

 Software or app used to access and view


webpages
 Popular browsers for personal computers in
homes and businesses
– Google Chrome
– Mozilla Firefox
– Microsoft Windows Internet Explorer
– Apple Safari
– Opera

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 14


Browsers

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 15


Browsers

 Internet Explorer 11 features


– Home page
– Display area
– Back and Forward buttons
– Address bar
– Home button
– ‘View favorites, and history’ button
– Tools button
– Tabs for each open webpage

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 16


Browsers

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 17


Browsers

 Internet Explorer 11 features (continued)


– New tab button
– Scroll bar
– Command bar – optional, customizable toolbar

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 18


Opening Your Browser and Loading
a Webpage
• Double-click the browser icon on the desktop,
click the browser icon on the taskbar, or tap the
browser icon on the home screen of your mobile
device
• Tap or click the Address box on the Address bar
• Enter www.cengage.com as the URL
• Press the ENTER key or tap or click the
appropriate browser button to open the Cengage
home page

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 19


Opening Your Browser and Loading
a Webpage

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 20


Using a Search Box to Find
Information
• Enter Discovering the Internet in the
Search Products text box
• Press the ENTER key or tap or click the
appropriate button to begin the search
• Tap or click the link for this text to open the
webpage

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 21


Using a Search Box to Find
Information

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 22


Viewing a Webpage

• Tap or click the Cengage Learning logo to return to


the home page or enter cengage.com in the
Address bar, and then tap or click the appropriate
button
• Drag the scroll box on the vertical scroll bar down, or
swipe your finger upward if using a touch screen, to
view the content at the bottom of the webpage, and
then drag or swipe downward to view the top of the
webpage

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 23


Viewing a Webpage

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 24


Browsers

 Navigating Recently Viewed Webpages


– Use the Back, Forward, Stop, Refresh, and Home
Buttons
• Back and Forward buttons – revisit recently viewed
webpages
• Stop and Refresh buttons – stops opening a page or
opens an updated copy of the current page
• Home – displays the home page(s)

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 25


Navigating Through Recently
Viewed Pages
• Type weather.com in the Address box
• Press the ENTER key or tap or click the necessary
button to open the weather.com webpage
• Tap or click any link to open a new webpage
• Click the Back button to return to The Weather
Channel home page
• Tap or click the Forward button, if available, to
return to the webpage you were viewing before
you clicked the Back button

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 26


Navigating Through Recently
Viewed Pages
• Tap or click the Refresh button or menu
command, or swipe at the top of the mobile
browser window
to access the
refreshed
webpage

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 27


Browsers

 Using Tabbed Browsing


– Allows you to open multiple webpages in a single
browser window

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 28


Browsers

 Using Tabbed Browsing (continued)


– Each page can be opened in its own tab
– On mobile devices, view open tabs using a menu command
– New tab button displays a blank tab on which you can enter
a URL
– Tapping or clicking a tab brings the webpage and tab from
the background to the foreground
– Click the New Tab button to open a blank tab then enter
URL in the Address box to open a webpage in the new tab

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 29


Opening and Closing Multiple
Webpage Tabs
• Tap or click the Internet Explorer to open
Internet Explorer
• Tap or click the New Tab button on the tab row
to open a new tab page
• Type espn.com in the Address bar
• Press the ENTER key or tap or click the
appropriate button to open the home page in
the new tab

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 30


Opening and Closing Multiple
Webpage Tabs
• Tap or click the New tab button on the tab row to open a
new tab
• Enter nfl.com in the Address box
• Tap or click the necessary button to open the NFL.com
home page
• Tap or click the Close Tab button on the NFL News
webpage tab to close the webpage
• Tap or click the New tab button on the tab row to open a
new tab
• Tap or click the ‘Reopen closed tabs’ button on the New
tab page, if available, to see a list of closed tabs
Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 31
Opening and Closing Multiple
Webpage Tabs
• Tap or click the NFL News link to reopen the
webpage in a new tab
• Close the browser and close all tabs, if asked
• Start the browser
• Tap or click the New tab button on the tab row
to open a new tab page if necessary
• Tap or click the ‘Reopen last session’ button if
available to reopen the tabs that were open
when you closed the browser
Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 32
Opening and Closing Multiple
Webpage Tabs

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 33


Switching Between Open
Webpages Using a Mobile Browser
• Locate the Tabs button, which likely will appear
in the upper-right corner of the mobile browser
window
• Tap or click the Tabs button to display open
tabs
• Swipe up or down, or use a scroll bar if
available, to view all open tabs
• Tap or click a tab to display it in the foreground

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 34


Switching Between Open
Webpages Using a Mobile Browser

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 35


Creating a Website Shortcut on
the Desktop
• Navigate to www.msn.com if necessary
• If necessary, minimize browser window so that you
can see the desktop
• Tap or click the MSN icon in the Address bar or select
the URL in the Address bar
• Drag the icon or suggested URL to the desktop to
create a shortcut

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 36


Creating a Website Shortcut on
the Desktop

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 37


Saving Online Information

 Printing a Webpage
– Preview the webpage
– Change paper size, margins, and orientation,
header and footer content
– Print a printer-friendly format

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 38


Saving Online Information

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 39


Saving Online Information

 Saving a Webpage
– Webpage, complete (HTML files and all related files)
– Archive file of webpage
– HTML file only
– Text file
 Sharing a Webpage
– ‘Send page by email command’ in browser
– Email or Text icon at website
– Share via social media and content sharing
websites

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 40


Saving Online Information

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 41


Saving Online Information

 Saving a Webpage Image


– Ownership and copyright considerations
– Typically can
right-click image
to display menu

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 42


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards
 Protecting Your Computer from Hackers
– A hacker is an individual who uses his or her
technology skills to access a network and the
computers on that network without authorization
– A firewall is hardware and/or software that
protects a computer or network from unauthorized
access by hackers
• Operating system might provide a firewall
• Use password protection
• Many routers and other network devices include firewalls

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 43


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 44


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards
 Virus Protection
– A virus is a small, potentially damaging computer
program or app
– Most browsers include filters and virus detection
– Can be spread to other computers through:
• Sending/receiving e-mail message, text message, or file
attachment
• Downloading software and apps
– Install virus protection software to protect against
infection and update it automatically

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 45


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards
 Shopping Safely Online
– Use reputable online vendors
– Pay with a credit card over a secure connection
– Never send your credit card number or other
personal information as an email or text message

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 46


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 47


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards
 Protecting against Malicious Websites
– A malicious website is a website designed to look
like a legitimate site, but is owned by hackers or
online thieves
– Used by thieves to:
• Collect personal information, such as name and
password
• Distribute malicious software
– Most browsers have built-in filters for detecting
malicious websites

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 48


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards
 Keeping Your Personal Information Private
– Information privacy refers to the right of
individuals and companies to deny or restrict the
collection and use of personal information.
– Entities that might be collecting and using your
private information:
• Employers
• Internet Service Providers
• Government agencies
• Privacy Advocates

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 49


Using the Web: Risks and
Safeguards
 Keeping Your Personal Information Private
(continued)
• Privacy Advocates – dedicated to informing government
agencies and consumers about privacy issues and
maintaining information about privacy issues at their
websites
• Business websites
• Cookies – Small text file stored on a computer of device
• Spyware – technology that accesses your computer system
to gather information without your knowledge and approval
• Adware – form of spyware that gathers information then
uses it to deliver targeted web advertising

Chapter 2: Browsing the Web 50

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