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Study of CNC Lathe Machine

The document provides an overview of CNC (computer numerical control) lathe machines. It explains that CNC machines allow for mass production of identical parts through computer-controlled cutting and shaping. A design is turned into numerical code that directs the machine's movements. CNC lathes increase production speeds and quality while reducing costs compared to manual machining. The document outlines the typical parts and process of using a CNC lathe, including loading the design, numerical control of movements, changing cutting tools, and advantages like continuous operation and consistent results.

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472 views18 pages

Study of CNC Lathe Machine

The document provides an overview of CNC (computer numerical control) lathe machines. It explains that CNC machines allow for mass production of identical parts through computer-controlled cutting and shaping. A design is turned into numerical code that directs the machine's movements. CNC lathes increase production speeds and quality while reducing costs compared to manual machining. The document outlines the typical parts and process of using a CNC lathe, including loading the design, numerical control of movements, changing cutting tools, and advantages like continuous operation and consistent results.

Uploaded by

GODWIN G
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPREHENSION

Date :

Name of the Candidate :


.
Reg No. :

Title : Study of cnc lathe machine

1
 
INTRODUCTION
 In Industry it is not efficient or profitable to make
everyday products by hand.
 On a CNC machine it is possible to make hundreds
or even thousands of the same items in a day.
 First a design is drawn using design software, and
then it is processed by the computer and
manufactured using the CNC machine.
 This is a small CNC machine and can be used to
machine woods, plastics and aluminum. In
industry, CNC machines can be extremely large.
MEANING OF ‘CNC’
 CNC means Computer Numerical Control.
This means a computer converts the design
into numbers which the computer uses to
control the cutting and shaping of the material.
History of CNC
 1949:US Air Force asks MIT to develop a
"numerically controlled" machine.
 1952:Prototype NC machine demonstrated
(punched tape input).
 1980:CNC machines (computer used to link
directly to controller)
 1990:DNC: external computer “drip feeds”
control programmer to machine tool controller
Why Use CNC Machines?
 Increase production throughput
 Improve the quality and accuracy of
manufactured parts
 Stabilize manufacturing costs
 Manufacture complex or otherwise impossible
jobs -2D and 3D contours
USE OF TYPICAL CNC MACHINE

 The design is loaded into the computer which


is attached to the CNC machine.
 The computer changes the design into a special
code (numerical) that controls the way the
CNC cuts and shapes the material.
USE OF TYPICAL CNC MACHINE…
 The material to be
shaped is taped on to a
block with double sided
tape. This must be done
carefully so that it does
not come off the block
during machining.
PARTS OF CNC MACHINE
CNC MACHINE - INPUT, PROCESS,
OUTPUT
 A Computer:
The computer is used to draw the design. However, the design is only a picture
and the CNC machine cannot use this to manufacture the product. The computer
software must also convert the drawing into numbers (coordinates) that the CNC
machine can use when it starts to cut and shape the material.

An Interface:
A computer cannot be directly connected to a CNC machine. The computer is
connected to an interface. This converts the signals from the computer to a form
that the CNC machine understands. The signals are in the form of digital signals
when they are sent to the CNC machine.

CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Machine:


The signals from the interface control the motors on the CNC machine. The
signals determine the way the vice moves. The vice moves in three directions X,
Y and Z. (Horizontally, vertically and depth). The signals also control the speed
of the cutting tool.
CONTROL PANEL OF CNC
 A CNC machine is normally controlled by a
computer and software. However, most
CNC machines have a range of controls for
manual use. It is rare for a CNC machine to
be used manually as simple operations are
best carried out on cheap/basic/manual
machines. When a CNC machine is used
manually it is been used well below its
capability and specification.
CNC ROUTER - THE IMPORTANT
PARTS
CNC MACHINES AND SAFETY
 CNC machines are very safe to use as they are designed to be
as safe as possible.
 One of the main advantages of CNC machines is that they are
much safer than manually operated machines.
SETTING UP THE CUTTING TOOL TO
THE CORRECT LENGTH
 One of the few operations that the machine operator carries
out is to change the cutting tool. Each CNC machine has a
range of cutting tools.
 Straight cutters chamfer V-groove and radius cutters are
some examples.
 If a detailed design is being manufactured, it may be
necessary to change the cutting tool at least once during the
manufacturing process.
 It is very important that all the cutters are set up to exactly to
the same length in the cullet. If this is not done the material
being machined will be machined at incorrect depths.
ADVANTAGES
 CNC machines can be used continuously 24 hours a day, 365
days a year and only need to be switched off for occasional
maintenance.
 CNC machines are programmed with a design which can then
be manufactured hundreds or even thousands of times. Each
manufactured product will be exactly the same.
 Less skilled/trained people can operate CNC’s unlike manual
lathes / milling machines etc... Which need skilled engineers?
 CNC machines can be updated by improving the software
used to drive the machines
DISADVANTAGES
 CNC machines are more expensive than manually
operated machines, although costs are slowly
coming down.
 The CNC machine operator only needs basic
training and skills, enough to supervise several
machines.
 In years gone by, engineers needed years of training
to operate centre lathes, milling machines and other
manually operated machines. This means many of
the old skills are been lost.
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION FLOWCHART
Conclusion
 Cnc mean computer numerical control machine it’s a
form of programmable automation drill drawings on
wood use g coding consist of 3 motors and their
drivers and pic with its basic circuit and body made of
wood hold on motors and drill and the wood we want
to draw on it
 We tried to make cheap fast safety cnc machine that
drill on wood piece according to any drawing we
draw to it.
Thanks…!!!

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