Scribd
Upload
27 views32 pages

Projectile Motion1

1) A football kicked at an angle of 53 degrees with a velocity of 20 m/s will be in the air for 3.26 seconds. 2) It will land 39.24 meters from where it was kicked. 3) The maximum height reached by the football is 13.01 meters.

Uploaded by

Jiro Sarmiento
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
27 views32 pages

Projectile Motion1

1) A football kicked at an angle of 53 degrees with a velocity of 20 m/s will be in the air for 3.26 seconds. 2) It will land 39.24 meters from where it was kicked. 3) The maximum height reached by the football is 13.01 meters.

Uploaded by

Jiro Sarmiento
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 32

Projectile Motion

Motion in Two Dimensions


A Question to Begin
 At the instant a horizontally pointed cannon ball is fired, a
cannonball held at the cannon’s side is released and drops
to the ground. Which cannonball strikes the ground first,
the one fired from the cannon or the one dropped?
What is a Projectile?
 Any object that continues in motion by its own inertia and is influenced only
by the downward force of gravity (and air resistance)

- an object dropped from rest is a projectile

- an object thrown straight upward is a projectile

- an object thrown upward at an angle to the horizontal


The path that the projectile
follows is a parabola…
the path is called its trajectory
Horizontal Motion
 If there is no force acting on an object, then it will continue moving at a
constant speed in the same direction.

- there will be no change in its velocity

- distance will increase the same amount with each second


Free Fall Revisited
 An object in free fall is only acted on by gravity

- Acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2

– distance covered increases with each second


Projectile Motion Combines Vertical
Motion and Horizontal Motion
 The vertical motion of a projectile is not affected by its
horizontal motion

-meaning: The vertical motion of a projectile is identical to


an object in free fall
 The horizontal motion of a projectile is not affected by its
vertical motion

- meaning the projectile will travel the same horizontal


distance as it would if it were simply rolling on a flat
surface in the absence of friction
Projectile Motion Combines Horizontal
Motion and Vertical Motion

The vertical and horizontal


motion of a projectile are
independent of each other
Horizontal Path Without Gravity
Vertical Path
Projectile Motion
Projectiles follow a parabolic
trajectory
Horizontal component along
trajectory remains unchanged.
Acceleration only occurs in the
vertical component
Projectile Motion and
Complementary Angles
Different launch angles result in different horizontal
distances traveled by the projectile
 Same range is obtained from two different launching angles when the
angles add up to 90°.
 Object launched at an angle of 60 has the same range as if it were thrown at an
angle of 30.
- What launch angle would have the same range as a projectile
launched at 20o?
Projectile Calculations
For Projectiles Launched horizontally
Horizontal Distance
d = v(t)

Horizontal Velocity
vf = vi + at

Vertical Distance
d = vit + ½ gt2

Vertical Velocity
Vf = Vi + gt
Review
What is the path of a projectile called?

Trajectory
Review
Is projectile No, it is 2
motion one dimensional-
dimensional? vertical and horizontal
Review
What force (s) is Gravity only
acting on the
projectile?
Review
Which direction, Vertical
horizontal or vertical has
acceleration?

Which direction, Horizontal


horizontal or vertical has
constant speed?
Review
Two identical balls roll Both hit the ground at the
off the edge of a table. same time. The
One leaves the table difference in horizontal
travelling twice the speed velocity does not affect
of the other. Which ball the vertical time.
hits the floor first?
Review
At the instant a horizontally pointed cannon ball
is fired, a cannonball held at the cannon’s side is
released and drops to the ground. Which
cannonball strikes the ground first, the one fired
from the cannon or the one dropped?
They hit at the exact same time
Draw vector arrows representing the vx and vy velocity components
during the course of the motion. The length of the arrows should
represent the magnitude of the velocity components.
Draw vector arrows representing
the vx and vy velocity components during the
course of the motion.
Horizontally Launched Projectiles
To analyze a projectile in 2 dimensions we need 2
equations. One for the “x” direction and one for the “y”
direction. And for this we use kinematic #2.

x  voxt  1 at 2
2
x  vox t y  1 gt 2
2
Remember, the velocity is Remember that since the
CONSTANT horizontally, so projectile is launched
that means the acceleration horizontally, the INITIAL
is ZERO! VERTICAL VELOCITY is
equal to ZERO.
Horizontally Launched Projectiles
Example: A plane traveling with a What do I What I want to
horizontal velocity of 100 m/s is know? know?
500 m above the ground. At some
point the pilot drops a bomb on a vox=100 m/s t=?
target below. (a) How long is the
bomb in the air? (b) How far y = 500 m x=?
away from point above where it
was dropped will it land? voy= 0 m/s
g = -9.8 m/s/s

y  1 gt 2  500  1 (9.8)t 2
2 2
x  vox t  (100)(10.1)  1010 m
102.04  t 2  t  10.1 seconds
Vertically
NO Launched
Vertical Velocity atProjectiles
the top of the trajectory.

Vertical Vertical Velocity


Velocity increases on the
decreases way down,
on the way
upward Horizontal Velocity
is constant

Component Magnitude Direction


Horizontal Constant Constant
Vertical Decreases up, 0 Changes
@ top, Increases
down
Vertically Launched Projectiles
Since the projectile was launched at a angle, the
velocity MUST be broken into components!!!

vox  vo cos 
vo voy
voy  vo sin 

vox
There are several things you must
consider when doing these types of
Vertically Launched Projectiles
projectiles besides using
components. If it begins and ends at
ground level, the “y” displacement
is ZERO: y = 0
Vertically Launched Projectiles
You will still use kinematic #2, but YOU MUST use
COMPONENTS in the equation.

x  voxt y  voy t  1 gt 2
vo voy
2

vox vox  vo cos 


voy  vo sin 
Example
A place kicker kicks a football with a velocity of 20.0 m/s and at an angle of
53 degrees.

(a) How long is the ball in the air?

(b) How far away does it land?

(c) How high does it travel?

vox  vo cos 
/s
0.0
m
vox  20 cos 53  12.04 m / s
=2
vo
voy  vo sin 

voy  20sin 53  15.97 m / s
Example
A place kicker kicks a What I know What I want
football with a velocity of to know
20.0 m/s and at an angle vox=12.04 m/s t=?
of 53 degrees. voy=15.97 m/s x=?
(a) How long is the ball in y=0 ymax=?
the air?
g = - 9.8
m/s/s

y  voy t  1 gt 2  0  (15.97)t  4.9t 2


2
2
15.97t  4.9t  15.97  4.9t
t  3.26 s
Example
A place kicker kicks a What I know What I want
football with a velocity of to know
20.0 m/s and at an angle vox=12.04 m/s t = 3.26 s
of 53 degrees. voy=15.97 m/s x=?
(b) How far away does it y=0 ymax=?
land? g = - 9.8
m/s/s

x  vox t  (12.04)(3.26)  39.24 m


What I know What I want
Example to know
A place kicker kicks a vox=12.04 m/s t = 3.26 s
football with a velocity of voy=15.97 m/s x = 39.24 m
20.0 m/s and at an angle of
53 degrees. y=0 ymax=?
g = - 9.8
m/s/s
(c) How high does it travel?
y  voy t  1 gt 2
2
CUT YOUR TIME IN y  (15.97)(1.63)  4.9(1.63) 2
HALF! y  13.01 m

You might also like