SAMPLING
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. 3.
define a research
sample in a target Apply the steps in writing
a research methodology
population
Plan on how to
collect data
2.
In gathering data for your research
using different data-gathering
instruments, you would want to choose
only a few people to interview or be
part of your study. That is the
concept of sampling.
• The population is the entire group that you want
to draw conclusions about.
• The sample is the specific group of individuals
whom you will collect data from.
TWO BASIC TYPES OF
SAMPLING:
Probability sampling
Every member of the population
has a chance of being selected.
• If you want to produce results that
are representative of the whole
population, probability sampling
techniques are the most valid choice.
Types of
Probability
Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
• Best type of probability
sampling through which you
can choose a sample from a
population.
Systematic Sampling
• Chance and system are the ones
to determine who should
compose the sample.
Example
If you have a sample of 150, you may
select a set of numbers like 1-15, and out
of 1500 students, take every 15th name on
the list until you complete the total
number of respondents to constitute your
sample.
Stratified sampling
Involves dividing the population into
subpopulations that may differ in
important ways. It allows you to draw
more precise conclusions by ensuring that
every subgroup is properly represented in
the sample.
Stratified sampling
Involves dividing the population into
subpopulations that may differ in
important ways. It allows you to draw
more precise conclusions by ensuring that
every subgroup is properly represented in
the sample.
Cluster Sampling
Involves dividing the population into
subgroups, but each subgroup should have
similar characteristics to the whole
sample.
Instead of sampling individuals from each
subgroup, you randomly select entire
subgroups.
Cluster Sampling
Involves dividing the population into
subgroups, but each subgroup should have
similar characteristics to the whole
sample.
Instead of sampling individuals from each
subgroup, you randomly select entire
subgroups.
Non-probability sampling
This type of sample is easier and
cheaper to access, but it has a
higher risk of sampling bias.
Individuals are selected
based on non-random
criteria, and not every
individual has a chance of
being included.
Convenience sampling
A convenience sample simply
includes the individuals who
happen to be most accessible
to the researcher.
Voluntary response sampling
Similar to a convenience sample, a voluntary
response sample is mainly based on ease of
access.
Instead of the researcher choosing participants
and directly contacting them, people volunteer
themselves.
Purposive sampling
type of sampling, also known as judgment
sampling, involves the researcher using their
expertise to select a sample that is most useful
to the purposes of the research.
Purposive sampling
type of sampling, also known as judgment
sampling, involves the researcher using their
expertise to select a sample that is most useful
to the purposes of the research.
Snowball sampling
If the population is hard to access, snowball
sampling can be used to recruit participants via
other participants.
The number of people you have access to
“snowballs” as you get in contact with more
people.
Snowball sampling
If the population is hard to access, snowball
sampling can be used to recruit participants via
other participants.
The number of people you have access to
“snowballs” as you get in contact with more
people.
