o s
a ti
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KIT
Here Starts Learning…
Introduction
The purpose of ratio is to divide and
compare.
For example: 2 brothers are dividing their property. They
are dividing it in the ratio 3:2
They will divide 100 into 5
parts.
100
That is each part will be 20.
So one guy will take 3 parts
and the other 2 parts.
3 : 2
3 x 20 : 2 x 20
60 40
60 : 40
Introduction
• For example:
» 2 brothers are dividing their property. They will
divide it in the ratio 12:13
They will divide 100 into 25
equal parts.
100
That is each part will be 4.
A : B
12 parts : 13 parts
48 : 52
48 52
A=
B=
Base idea
A and B divides an amount in the ratio 13:7.
After division A takes Rs. 600/– more than
B. Then what is the total amount?
13
20 A takes 6 parts more than B.
Because of that only A got 600rs
7 more.
So, 6 parts = 600 Rs
Then 1 part = 100 Rs
Total parts 20,
So total amount will be 2000 Rs
Examples
A mixture contains milk and water in the Ratio 4 : 3. If 10 liters of
water is added to the mixture, the ratio becomes 4 : 5. Find the
quantity of milk in the given mixture.
Milk water
4 : 3 2 parts increased by
adding 10 liters of water
4 : 5 So,
2 parts = 10 liters
1 part = 5 liters
4 parts of milk will be ?
20 liters
We all know this
A : B Me My father
30 : 60
1 : 2 X 10 1 : 2
10X
10 : 20 By next year,
2X X2 Me My father
20 : 40 31 : 61
A : B
1 : 2
1+ +1
2 : 3
Examples
A mixture contains milk and water in the Ratio 4 : 3. If 10 liters of
water is added to the mixture, the ratio becomes 4 : 5. Find the
quantity of milk in the given mixture.
Milk water Equation:
4 : 3 4
2 parts increased by ¿
+10 5
adding 10 liters of water 20x=12x+40
4 : 5 So, 8x=40
2 parts = 10 liters X=5
1 part = 5 liters
4 parts of milk will be ?
20 liters
Example 3
Present ages of Sameer and Anand are in the ratio of 5
: 4 respectively. Three years hence, the ratio of their
ages will become 11 : 9 respectively. What is Anand's
present age in years?
Equation:
+3 11
¿
+3 9
45x+27=44x + 33
x=6
Anand’s present age is 4x = 24
Example 3
The ratio of number of Girls to the number of Boys in a class is
3:2. Five girls join the class and 5 boys leave the class and the ratio
becomes 2:1.How many girls where there in the class initially?
Equation:
+5 2
¿
-5 1
3x+5=4x-10
10+5=4x-3x
15=X
= 3 x 15 = 4545 girls
Girls = 3 X
If P : Q = 3 : 4 and Q : R = 5 : 6, then P : Q : R is what?
P:Q:R
5X 3 : 4 X5
5 :6 X4
X4
15 : 20 : 24
So, P:Q:R = 15:20:24
In a kilometer race A beats B by 200 meters and B
beats C by 100 meters. Then A beats C by how many
meters?
Start B A
0 800 1000
Start C B
0 900 1000
In a kilometer race A beats B by 200 meters and B
beats C by 100 meters. Then A beats C by how many
meters?
A B B C
0 0 0 0
100 80 100 90
200 160 200 180
300 240 300 270
400 320 400 360
500 400 500 450
600 480 600 540
700 560 700 630
800 640 800 720
900 720 900 810 280 meters
1000 800 1000 900
In a kilometer race A beats B by 200 meters and B
beats C by 100 meters. Then A beats C by how many
meters?
A:B:C
10 X 10 : 8 X 10
10 : 9 X8
X8
100 : 80 : 72
1000:800:720
280
purse contains one rupee coin, 50 paise coins and 25 paise coins in
the ratio 13 : 11 : 7. If the total value of the coins in the purse is
Rs.324, what is the number of 50 paise coins?
1Rs 50p 25p
13x X 1 + 11x X 0.5 + 7x X 0.25 = 324
X = 16
So, number of 50 paise coins will be 11x = 11 X 16 = 176
The expenditure and savings of a person are in the ratio
of 4 : 1. If his savings are increased by 25% of his income,
what is the new ratio of expenditure to savings?
- (0.25 X 5 ) Income
+ (0.25 X 5 )
E : S E : S
= 4 : 1 4 : 1
80 : 20 -1.25 +1.25
= -25 +25 2.75: 2.25
55 : 45 11 : 9
= 11 : 9
An amount was to be divided between A and B in the
ratio 3 : 2. But due to wrong calculations it was found that
A got one-sixth of the total amount more than his
expected share. In what ratio was the amount divided
between A and B?
=
A : B
3 : 2
18 : 12
+5 -5
23 : 7
Two glasses contain an equal quantity of mixtures of milk
and water. The ratio of milk and water in the first and
second glass are 3 : 2 and 4 : 3 respectively. Both the
mixtures are now mixed in a jar. Find the ratio of milk and
water in the jar.
35 ml 35 ml The containers has to be
divided into 5 & 7 equal
M:W M:W parts
21 : 14 20 : 15 LCM of 5 & 7 = 35
M:W M:W
3:2 4:3
35/5=7 35/7 = 5
3 parts = 21 4 parts = 20
2 parts = 14 3 parts = 15
W:M
41 : 29
Two glasses contain an equal quantity of mixtures of milk
and water. The ratio of milk and water in the first and
second glass are 3 : 2 and 4 : 3 respectively. Both the
mixtures are now mixed in a jar. Find the ratio of milk and
water in the jar.
Say, it is X liter container
3 4
5
𝑥+¿ 7
𝑥
=
2 3
5
𝑥+¿ 7
𝑥
Three equal glasses are filled with mixtures of milk
and water. The propotion of water and milk in the
containers are 2:3, 3:4, 4:5 respectively. Then the
content are emptied in a single vessel. Then what is
the propotion of milk and water in that vessel?
315 ml 315 ml 315 ml The containers has to be
divided into 5, 7 & 9
W:M W:M W:M equal parts
126 : 189 135 : 180 140 : 175 LCM of 5, 7 & 9 = 315
W:M W:M W:M
2:3 3:4 4:5
315/5=63 315/7 = 45 315/9 = 35
2 parts = 126 3 parts = 135 4 parts = 140
3 parts = 189 4 parts = 180 5 parts = 175
= =
W:M
401 : 544
100 liters container.
Is filed with 50 liters of milk and 50 liters of water.
50 50
Milk Water
10
liters
Source
Milk : Water
50 : 50 5L 5L
1 : 1 Milk Water
1 : 1
100 liters container. Is filed with 75 liters of milk and
25 liters of water.
75 25
10 lts will be divided
Milk Water into 4 equal parts
(ie) 10/4=2.5
10
liters Then 3 parts of milk
is 7.5 lts
Source 1 part of water is 2.5
lts
Milk : Water
75 : 25 7.5 L 2.5 L
3 : 1 Milk Water
3 : 1
A vessel is filled with liquid, 3 parts of which are water
and 5 parts syrup. How much of the mixture must be
drawn off and replaced with water so that the mixture
may be half water and half syrup?
Say 8 liters ,
3 lit water 5 lit syrup
3− ( 𝑥 +
=
5−( 𝑥
X = 1.6
1.6/8 (or) 1/5th (or) 20% of the mixture
should be replaced by water
A can is filled with a mixture of two liquids A and B is the
ratio 7 : 5. When 9 litres of mixture are drawn off and the
can is filled with B, the ratio of A and B becomes 7 : 9.
How many litres of liquid A was contained by the can
initially?
7𝑥 −( 9 =
5𝑥 −( 9 +
X=3
A = 7x = 21 lts
A 20 liters container contains milk and water in the ratio
5 : 3. Now 4 liters from the container is replaced by milk.
What is the ratio in of milk and water in the resulting mixture?
=
=
=
A 20 liters container contains milk and water in the ratio
5 : 3. Now 4 liters from the container is replaced by milk.
What is the ratio in of milk and water in the resulting mixture?
20 liters container. It’s in the ratio 5:3
Milk Water (ie) 20 is divided into 8 equal parts,
12.5 liters 7.5 liters in that 5 parts milk and 3 parts water
So, 20/8=2.5 each part.
Then, 5 parts of milk will be 12.5 liters
Milk 5 units and 3 parts of water will be 7.5 liters
2.5 liters
4 liters
Water 3 units
5:3 1.5 liters
+4 lits Milk Water
14 liters 6 liters
Milk Water
10 liters 6 liters
So, milk and water will be in the ratio 14:6
=> 7:3
A 20 liters container contains milk and water in the ratio
5 : 3. Now 4 liters from the container is replaced by milk.
What is the ratio in of milk and water in the resulting mixture?
20 liters container. It’s in the ratio 5:3
Milk Water From that 4 liters is taken away
10 liters 6 liters (ie) the remaining mixture in the container is
16 lts and that is divided into 8 equal parts,
in that 5 parts milk and 3 parts water
So, 16/8=2 each part.
Then, 5 parts of milk will be 10 liters
+ 4 liters
and 3 parts of water will be 6 liters
So, milk and water will be in the ratio 14:6
Milk Water => 7:3
14 liters 6 liters
= =
