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Introduction To C Sharp

The document introduces .NET and C#. It discusses how .NET allows for web-based applications to run across different devices and operating systems. C# was developed specifically for .NET. It also discusses how the Common Language Runtime executes .NET programs in a platform-independent way by compiling them to Microsoft Intermediate Language. The .NET Framework and Common Language Specification provide core services like memory management. C# can be used to create console or graphical user interface applications in an IDE using features like namespaces, methods, and input/output functions.

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Lai Yon Peng
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27 views

Introduction To C Sharp

The document introduces .NET and C#. It discusses how .NET allows for web-based applications to run across different devices and operating systems. C# was developed specifically for .NET. It also discusses how the Common Language Runtime executes .NET programs in a platform-independent way by compiling them to Microsoft Intermediate Language. The .NET Framework and Common Language Specification provide core services like memory management. C# can be used to create console or graphical user interface applications in an IDE using features like namespaces, methods, and input/output functions.

Uploaded by

Lai Yon Peng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AN INTRODUCTION TO C#

AND
THE .NET FRAMEWORK
.NET AND C#

• .NET Platform
Web-based applications can be
distributed to a variety of devices
and desktops
• C#
developed specifically for .NET
MICROSOFT .NET

• Keys to interaction
• XML (Extreme Markup Language) and SOAP (Simple Object Access
Protocol)
• “Glue” that combines various Web services to form applications
• XML gives meaning to data
• SOAP allows communication to occur easily
MICROSOFT .NET

• Other concepts
• Universal data access
• Eliminates need to synchronize files
• Synchronization - Updating multiple copies of
same file to the most recent
• Data resides at one central location
• Accessible by anyone with connection and
proper authorization
• Data formatted appropriately for display on
various devices
• Same document seen on PC, PDA, cell phone
and other devices
.NET FRAMEWORK AND THE
COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIME
• .NET Framework
• Heart of .NET strategy
• Manages and executes applications and Web services
• Provides security, memory management and other programming
capabilities

• Includes Framework Class Library (FCL)


• Pre-packaged classes ready for reuse
• Used by any .NET language

• Details contained in Common Language Specification (CLS)


• Submitted to European Computer Manufacturers Association to
make the framework easily converted to other platforms

• Executes programs by Common Language Runtime (CLR)


COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIME
(CLR)

• Central part of framework


• Executes programs

• Compilation process
• Two compilations take place
• Programs compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL)
• Defines instructions for CLR
• MSIL code translated into machine code
• Platform-specific machine language
COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIME
(CLR)
• Why two compilations?
• Platform independence
• .NET Framework can be installed on different platforms
• Execute .NET programs without any modifications to code
• .NET compliant program translated into platform independent MSIL
• Language independence
• MSIL form of .NET programs not tied to particular language
• Programs may consist of several .NET-compliant languages
• Old and new components can be integrated
• MSIL translated into platform-specific code
• Other advantages of CLR
• Execution-management features
• Manages memory, security and other features
• Relieves programmer of many responsibilities
• More concentration on program logic
.NET AND C#

• .NET platform
• Web-based applications can be distributed to variety of devices and
desktops

• C#
• Developed specifically for .NET
• Enable programmers to migrate from C/C++ and Java easily
• Event-driven, fully OO, visual programming language
• Has IDE
• Process of rapidly creating an application using an IDE is called
Rapid Application Development (RAD)
C#

• Language interoperability
• Can interact with software components written in different
languages or with old packaged software written in C/C++
• Can interact via internet, using industry standards
(SOAP and XML)
• Simple Object Access Protocol - Helps to share program
“chunks” over the internet

• Accommodates a new style of programming in which


applications are created from building blocks available
over internet (reusability)
C# AND THE .NET IDE

• Console applications
• No visual components
(buttons, text boxes, etc.)
• Only text output
• Two types
• MS-DOS prompt -Used in Windows 95/98/ME
• Command prompt -Used in Windows 2000/NT/XP
NAMESPACES

• Group related C# features into categories


• Contain code that can be reused
• .NET framework library (FCL) contains many namespaces
• Must be referenced in order to be used
• Example: Console feature is in
namespace System
METHODS

• Building blocks of C# programs


• Every program is a class!
• The Main method
• Each console or windows application must have exactly one
DISPLAYING OUTPUT

• With C# Console applications


• Text output only

Console.Write(“... {0}”, Sum);


Console.WriteLine(“…”);
GETTING INPUT

• Primitive data types built into C#


(string, int, double, char, long …15 types)
• Console.ReadLine( )
• Used to get a value from the user input
• Int32.Parse( )
• Converts a string argument to an integer
• Allows math to be performed once the string is converted
• number2 = Int32.Parse( Console.ReadLine( ) );

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