Scribd
Upload
106 views10 pages

Polio Campaign

The Pulse Polio immunization campaign was established in India in 1995 to eliminate polio through vaccinating children under 5 against polio virus. It aimed to reach all children through improved social mobilization. Booths were set up nationwide and children were given OPV drops on national immunization days. While successes greatly reduced polio cases, challenges included some children requiring more doses due to weaker immune systems and rumors caused by rare vaccine-derived polio cases. The campaign continues to be supported by various government and non-governmental organizations.

Uploaded by

Sritika Pal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
106 views10 pages

Polio Campaign

The Pulse Polio immunization campaign was established in India in 1995 to eliminate polio through vaccinating children under 5 against polio virus. It aimed to reach all children through improved social mobilization. Booths were set up nationwide and children were given OPV drops on national immunization days. While successes greatly reduced polio cases, challenges included some children requiring more doses due to weaker immune systems and rumors caused by rare vaccine-derived polio cases. The campaign continues to be supported by various government and non-governmental organizations.

Uploaded by

Sritika Pal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

POLIO

CAMPAIGN
PULSE POLIO

• Pulse Polio is an immunisation campaign established by the 


government of India to eliminate poliomyelitis (polio) in India by
vaccinating all children under the age of five years against the polio virus.
The project fights polio through a large-scale, pulse vaccination
 programme and monitoring for poliomyelitis cases.
A CHILD VACINATED ON PULSE POLIO
DAY IN GWALIOR :–
HISTORY
• In India, vaccination against polio started in around 1972 with Expanded
Programme on Immunization (EPI). By 1999, it covered around 60% of
infants, giving three doses of OPV to each.
• In 1985, the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) was launched to
cover all the districts of the country. UIP became a part of child survival
and safe motherhood program (CSSM) in 1992 and Reproductive and
Child Health Program (RCH) in 1997 . This program led to a significant
increase in coverage, up to 5%. The number of reported cases of polio
also declined from thousands during 1987 to 42 in 2010.
HISTORY
• In 1995, following the Global Polio Eradication Initiative of the World
Health Organization (1988), India launched Pulse Polio immunization
program with Universal Immunization Program which aimed at 100%
coverage.
• The last reported cases of wild polio in India were in West Bengal and
Gujarat on 13 January 2011.[1] On 27 March 2014, the 
World Health Organization (WHO) declared India a polio free country,
since no cases of wild polio been reported in for five years.[2]
PREVENTIVE PULSE POLIO :–
• The Pulse Polio Immunization (PPI) aims at covering every individual
in the country. It aspires to reach even children in remote communities
through an improved social mobilisation plan.[3]
• Not a single child should miss the immunization and leaving no chance
of polio occurrence.
• Cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) to be reported in time and stool
specimens of them to be collected within 14 days. Outbreak response
immunisation (ORI) to be conducted as early as possible.
• Maintaining a high level of surveillance.
• Performance of good mop-up operations where polio has disappeared. [3]
STEPS INVOLVED:–
• Set up of booths in all parts of the country. [3]
• Initialising walk-in cold rooms, freezer rooms, deep freezers, ice-lined refrigerators and
cold boxes for a steady supply of vaccine to booths.
• Arranging employees, volunteers, and vaccines.
• Ensuring vaccine vial monitor on each vaccine vial.
• Immunising children with OPV on national immunisation days.
• Identifying missing children from immunisation process.
• Surveillance of efficacy.
• Publicity was extensive and included replacing the national telecoms' authority ringtone
with a vaccination day awareness message, posters, TV and cinema spots, parades, rallies,
and one-to-one communication from volunteers. Vaccination booths were set up, with a
house-to-house campaign for remote communities. [4]
DIFFICULTIES:–
• Testing showed that three doses of vaccine was enough to protect children in developed countries, but it
became obvious that this was not enough in some areas of India. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
recommended eight to ten doses for each child.
• Children in some areas of India are weaker and often had diarrhea, which reduced the efficiency of the
vaccine. Open defecation, monsoon flooding, and a lack of water treatment made it easier for a child to
swallow more polio virus. As a result, children with too few doses of vaccine were not fully protected and
sometimes got polio.[4]
• The eradication program therefore gave drops over and over again, to boost children's immunity higher and
as a precaution against missed children. Few parents initially knew that the vaccination campaign was trying
to eradicate the disease, so they did not understand the reasons for the increasing intensity of vaccination.
The increasing frequency of the drops and cases of polio among partially vaccinated children, caused
rumours that the drops did not work.[4]
• On July 30, 2013 a nine-month-old boy from Navi Mumbai tested positive for vaccine-derived poliovirus
(VDPV) type 2. This was the fourth such case recorded in the country in 2013.[5]
SUPPORT :–
• The campaign was supported by organisations including the Indian federal
and state governments, international institutions, and non-governmental
organisations. It is part of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative,
spearheaded by Rotary International, the World Health Organization, 
UNICEF, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
• Actor Amitabh Bachchan volunteered with the campaign, filming TV and
radio spots urging against complacency[4][9] and personally vaccinating
children.[10]
• The Indian and Afghan cricket teams have supported their national and
international polio eradication efforts.[11]
Thank you

You might also like