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Salivary Markers For Diseases Powerpoint

This document discusses salivary markers for disease diagnosis. It notes that saliva has been used diagnostically since the 1960s, and in recent decades various biomarkers in saliva have been identified that can indicate oral cancer, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and autoimmune disorders. The advantages of salivary diagnostics are that it is non-invasive, easy to self-administer, stable for transport, and affordable compared to other biofluids. However, it is not yet widely used due to low biomarker levels compared to blood, need for specialized collection and storage, and lack of definitive biomarkers for specific diseases.

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96 views14 pages

Salivary Markers For Diseases Powerpoint

This document discusses salivary markers for disease diagnosis. It notes that saliva has been used diagnostically since the 1960s, and in recent decades various biomarkers in saliva have been identified that can indicate oral cancer, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and autoimmune disorders. The advantages of salivary diagnostics are that it is non-invasive, easy to self-administer, stable for transport, and affordable compared to other biofluids. However, it is not yet widely used due to low biomarker levels compared to blood, need for specialized collection and storage, and lack of definitive biomarkers for specific diseases.

Uploaded by

Clara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Salivary Markers

for Disease
Clara Azmy 52-3149
Marihan Hazem 52- 2852
Farida Helmy 52-0331
Table of contents
01 02 03
Introduction Advantages Disadvantages
Historical Data, Major Diseases What makes it better than other diagnosis Why isn’t it popular yet?
Diagnosed, Components in interest methods?

04 05
Types of Biomarkers Conclusion
Examples and types of Biomarkers To sum it up!
present
01
Introduction
Historical Data , Major Diseases diagnosed , Major Components
Historical data
Saliva has been in use as a diagnostic fluid since the
1960s for conditions like cystic fibrosis.

But it was not until the early 1990s that the distinct
advantages of saliva over serum were identified.

For the past two decades, salivary diagnostics have been


in use to monitor oral diseases associated with the
periodontium as well as dental caries.
Major Diseases
Diagnosed
In the recent past, a vast number of salivary analytes and
biomarkers have been discovered that represent various
diseases including:
● oral cancer
● cardiovascular diseases
● various bacterial
● viral infections
● certain autoimmune disorders.
Components important in
Diagnosis
● Hormones
● Antibodies
● growth factors
● enzymes, microbes
● microbial products

These substances enter saliva through the blood by


passive diffusion.)
02
Advantages
What makes it better than other diagnosis methods?
Some types of microbiology

Non-invasive Easier Stability


Unlike other methods. Can be self-administered in Better stability
the presence of healthcare.

Transportability Affordable Accurate


Better transportability Compared to blood or Detection of oral and
nasopharyngeal. systemic diseases.
03
Disadvantages
Why isn’t it popular yet?
Disadvantages
Low level of Specific
Size & Charge Biomarkers Device Longer Time
Only small & Compared to serum. Reliable, sensitive, For sample collection
uncharged pass from specific device needed.
plasma to saliva

Contamin-
ation Xerostomia Storage Not Specific
From Food and In some patients. Must be stored at 80 C Lack of definitive
Beverages after collection as soon biomarkers that are
as possible specific to diseases.
04
Types of
Biomarkers
Types of Biomarkers

Transcriptomics Proteomics Methylomics


>3000 mRNA species Diverse proteins present Control and Modulate Gene
>300 miRNAs Expression

Microbial
Diminishing of Microbial
Biomarkers as disease
fades.
Conclusion
Saliva is rightly termed “the mirror of the human body.” Saliva
is already being used in various scenarios such as
investigations for monitoring pharmaceutical as well as illicit
drug usage, various malignant neoplasia, hormonal analysis,
and even as forensic aids.

The use of saliva as an adjunct to clinical and laboratory


investigations in diagnostics is no more a distant dream. The
development of more reliable and affordable tests is paving
way to a promising future in salivary diagnostics. With
increasing awareness towards disease prevention and early
diagnosis and intervention, salivary diagnostics could, in the
future, be included as a part of routine clinical investigations.
References
• https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/
5-benefits-of-saliva-testing-why-its-the-next-big-th
ing-for-in-vitro-diagnostics/
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC38
11231/
• https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/66416

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