High Voltage DC

Transmission
line By
Subham KumarPandey
(Diploma 2nd Year, 4th Semester, Registration No: D192002302)
Under the Supervision of
Mr. Abhijit Ghosh
(Lecturer in Electrical Engineering Dept.)
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 INTRODUCTION

What is HVDC?
The HVDC is used to transmit large amount of power
over long distances by overhead transmission lines or
submarine cables . It is also used to interconnect separate
power systems, where traditional alternating current (AC)
connections can not be used.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
The first dc link was set
up in 1954 in between
Swedish main land and
the island of Gotland.
The use of an HVDC link
in an ac system requires
converter
stations at each end of the
line.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
LINE DIAGRAM OF HVDC
SYSTEM OPERATION

GENERATIN G STEP-UP TXR STEP-DOWN TXR

STATION

G. C1 C2
S
CON VERT CON VERTE
R R
STATION 1 STATION 2
SENDIN RECEIVIN
G G
END END

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 Why we need HVDC ?

•Now a days large blocks of power are

needed to be transmitted.
•There arises some technical problems of
transmitting power to such a long distance
using ac.
•In the view of the draw backs of ac the
HVDC transmission has come into picture.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 TYPES OF
DC LINKS

BIPOLAR
MONOPOLAR DC HOMOPOLAR
DC LINK LINK DC LINK

One conductor &

Two Conductors. Two or more
Earth return
path; More More Reliable.
Conductors.
economical.
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Reg. No: D192002302
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Reg. No: D192002302
 Comparison b/w HVDC
& EHV-AC system

CHARACTERISTICS EHV-AC SYSTEM HVDC SYSTEM

1.) Line Cost. Higher. Lower.
2.) Skin Effect. Present. Absent.
3.) Line losses. High. Low.
4.) Power Transfer. Limited No
5.) Voltage Control. . Limit.
Difficul Easier.
t.
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Reg. No: D192002302
 CHARACTERISTICS EHV-AC SYSTEM HVDC SYSTEM

6.)Compensation Series & shunt No Compensation.

Required. Compensation.
Less.
7.) Corona & More.
Radio
More.
Interference. Lesser.
8.) Reliability.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 CHARACTERISTICS EHV-AC SYSTEM HVDC SYSTEM
9.) Short-circuit Large. Small.
currents.
10.) Simple , Difficult ,
Control cheaper & costlier &
Syste limited.
fast.
m.
Very Low.
Much Higher.
11.)
Stability of
AC Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
networks Reg. No: D192002302
 Technical
Advantages
 Reactive power requirement.
 System stability.
 Short Circuit Current.
 Independent Control of ac system.
 Fast change of energy flow.
 Lesser Corona Loss and Radio
interference.
 Greater Reliability.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 Economic advantages

 DC lines and cables are cheaper than ac lines or cables.

 The towers of the dc lines are narrower.
simpler and cheaper compared to the towers of the
ac lines.
Line losses in a dc line are lower than the losses in an ac
lines.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 LIMITATIONS OF HVDC
TRANSMISSION
 Costly Terminal Equipment.
 More Maintenance of line conductors.
 Difficult Voltage Transformation.
 HVDC Circuit Breakers are not available.
 Side effect due to Earth current.
 Block Reactive Power.
 Presence of Harmonic Distortion.
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Reg. No: D192002302
Comparison between the prices of
AC & DC Transmission

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 Incorporating HVDC into
AC systems
 Two terminal DC link point to point transmission.
 Back to Back DC link.
 DC line in Parallel with AC link.
 Multi-Terminal DC link.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
Components of an HVDC
transmission system

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 CONVERTER STATION
EQUIPMENT
 Thyristor valves.
 Converter Transformer.
 DC Reactor.
 Harmonics Filtering Equipment.
 Control Equipment.
 Reactive power compensation.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
HVDC converter
arrangements

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
Converter transformers of one pole at AC harmonic filter area at Talcher
Talcher, in front of the valve hall.
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Reg. No: D192002302
Typical tower structure and rights
of way for alternative transmission
system of 2000 MW capacity

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 PROBLEMS

 The Design of grounding electrodes for low cost of

installation and maintenance
 Location and screening of electrodes so that ground currents
cause negligible electrolytic corrosion of buried and
immersed metallic structures.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 RECENT
ADVANCES
 GTO’s have come into use.
 Use of active ac and dc filters.
 Advanced fully digital control systems using optical
fibers.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
 CONCLUSION

 Recent studies indicate that HVDC systems are very

reliable.
 The data collected from 31 utilities says that forced
unavailability of energy due to the converter station is
1.62%
 The scheduled unavailability of energy is about 5.39%.

Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
www.google.com
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Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur

Reg. No: D192002302
Dept. of EE, Bengal College of Polytechnic, Durgapur
Reg. No: D192002302