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MI - UNIT-I Lect7 Statistical Analysis

This document summarizes a class on statistical analysis in measurements and instrumentation. It provides details of the class such as the subject, date, time, instructor and learning outcomes. The class covers the topics of statistical analysis including arithmetic mean, deviation from mean, average deviations and standard deviation. It includes examples of calculating these metrics and their significance in analyzing measurement data statistically.

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Pratik A
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35 views12 pages

MI - UNIT-I Lect7 Statistical Analysis

This document summarizes a class on statistical analysis in measurements and instrumentation. It provides details of the class such as the subject, date, time, instructor and learning outcomes. The class covers the topics of statistical analysis including arithmetic mean, deviation from mean, average deviations and standard deviation. It includes examples of calculating these metrics and their significance in analyzing measurement data statistically.

Uploaded by

Pratik A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subject & Code: Measurements and Instrumentation(19EEI373)

Unit-I: Basic Measurement Concepts


Topic for the class: Statistical Analysis(P)
Date & Time: 29.07.2021 & 3:00-3:50pm
Dr.S.Neeraja
Assistant Professor
Department of EECE
GITAM Institute of Technology (GIT)
Visakhapatnam – 530045
Email: [email protected]

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND


INSTRUMENTATION
Learning Outcome

By the end of this session,


Students will be able to understand the statistical analysis of measurement
data.

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


2
UNIT-I

Basic Measurement Concepts:


 measurement systems
 static and dynamic characteristics
 types of errors
 statistical analysis
 units and standards of measurements

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Topics to be covered

 Statistical Analysis

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Statistical Analysis
 Out of the various possible errors, the random errors cannot be determined in the ordinary
process of measurements. Such errors are treated mathematically
 The mathematical analysis of the various measurements is called statistical analysis of the
data.
 For such statistical analysis, the same reading is taken number of times, generally using
different observers, different instruments & by different ways of measurement. The
statistical analysis helps to determine analytically the uncertainty of the final test results.
1. Arithmetic mean:
The most probable value of a measured variable is the arithmetic mean of the number of
readings
The arithmetic mean value can be mathematically obtained as,

where
xn: nth reading taken
n: total number of readings

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Statistical Analysis contd…
2. Deviation from the mean: It is the departure of a given reading from the
arithmetic mean of the group of readings.
 The deviation from the mean can be expressed as
d1 = x1- ,
d2 = x2- ,
.
dn= xn- ,
The deviation may be positive or negative. The algebraic sum of all the
deviations must be zero.

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Statistical Analysis contd…
3. Average deviations: It is an indication of the precision of the instrument used
in measurement. It is defined as the sum of the absolute values of the deviation
divided by the number of readings.
 The average deviation can be expressed as

where Dav: average deviation


: absolute value of deviations
 Highly precise instruments yield a low average deviation between readings.

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Statistical Analysis contd…
4. Standard deviation: It is also known as root mean square deviation. This is
the most important factor in the statistical analysis of measurement data.
Reduction in this quantity effectively means improvement in measurement.
 It may be expressed as

 For small readings (n<30), the denominator is frequently expressed as (n-1)


to obtain a more accurate value for the standard deviation.

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Problem on Statistical Analysis

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Problem on Statistical Analysis contd..

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Flash quiz

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION


Thank you

29/07/2021 Department of EECE 19EEI373: MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION

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