BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER

• The basic operations of a computer

include the following;
1) Input,
2) Processing,
3) Storing and
4) Output.
 BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER

INPUT PROCESSING OUTPUT

STORAGE

Thursday, June 22, 2023 2

 BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER

1. Input: Means to enter or feed data (text,

numbers, pictures, sound)into the computer
system through input devices(mouse,
keyboard and scanners).
 BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER
2.Processing: Is the conversion of raw data into
useful information by the central processing
Unit (CPU).
 BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER

• Processing includes the

following:
i. calculating,
ii. drawing, and
iii.Searching.
 BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER

3. Storage: Refers to the safe

keeping of the data and
processed information that has
been entered into the computer
so that it can be used when
required.
 BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER
Data can be stored both
temporally on RAM (while a
program is running or while the
computer is on) and long
term(Hard disk drive) so that it
can be preserved when the
computer is off.
BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER

HARD DISK DRIVE

RAM
 BASIC OPERATIONS OF A COMPUTER

4. Output: Refers to the visible and audible data

that has been processed.
Outputs are made available by output devices.
 EXERCISE
1. The diagram below shows the four basic
actions of the computer to produce
information.

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 4

Stage 3
 EXERCISE
i. State one device that can be
used at stage 3 and one that can
be used at stage 4.
ii. Name stage 1 and stage 3.
iii. What action is done at stage 2 ?
HEALTH AND SAFETY

HEALTH AND POSTURE

 WHAT ARE YOU EXPECTED TO LEARN;

1.Meaning of Repetitive strain

injury .
2.How to position when
working on the computer.

6/22/23
 HEALTH AND POSTURE

Using a computer for a long

period of time and bad posture
can increase the chances of
developing or worsening the
following injuries;
1. Back and Neck pain,
2. Headaches and shoulders and,
3. Arm pain. 14
Repetitive strain injury
(RSI) is the most common
health risk.
 RSI is a disorder of the
muscles, nerves, tendons,
ligaments and joints caused
by prolonged use of the
keyboard. 15
Maintain the correct posture to
avoid the following health problems.
1. SHOULDER AND BACK:
SOLUTION: Sit up straight when sitting
at the computer.
 Your lower back should touch the
back of the chair.
 Relax your shoulders and be
positioned directly over your hips.
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2. FEET PROBLEM
SOLUTION: Place your feet firmly
on the floor and slightly in front
of you.
 Your legs should form a 90-
degree angle at the knee.
 Place the footrest under your
feet, if your feet don’t touch the
floor. 17
3.The keyboard and mouse
should be directly in front
of you, so that you are able
to reach them at 90-
degrees with relaxed
shoulders.

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4. MONITOR: It should be placed
in front of you; at least 50 cm
away from you and the top of
the monitor should be at eye
level.
It should not be angled left or
right because it can strain your
spine and neck.
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5. ADJUSTABLE CHAIR is
ideal for maintaining a
correct posture.
6. Take frequent breaks
during computer use to
exercise your hands and
arms. 20
BAD POSTURE GOOD POSTURE

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 EXERCISE
1. Why do you think the topic
correct posture was included in
the computer studies syllabus?
2. Explain two aspects regarding
correct posture that the
computer studies teacher would
have discussed.
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HOMEWORK
1.The major cause of
repetitive strain injury is
the………………………..
2.What is repetitive strain
injury?........................
SAFETY
 SAFETY

• Safety is the state of being

safe, free from danger and
hazard which can injure,
and hurt a person.
(1). Trailing Cables: Computer
equipment is often
connected to lots of cables:
power, network, etc. If these
cables are lying on the floor,
they can cause people to trip
over them.
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Solution: Place cables
inside cable ducts, or
under the carpet /
flooring.

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(2). Spilt Drinks or Food: If
any liquids are spilt on
electrical equipment, such as
a computer, it can result in
damage to the equipment,
or an electric shock to the
user.
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Solution: Keep drinks and
food away from computers,
at school, do not enter the
computer lab with food
stuffs or drinks.

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(3) Overloaded Power
Sockets: Plugging too many
power cables into a socket
can result in the socket
being overloaded,
overheating, and a fire
starting.
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Solution: Never plug too
many cables into a socket.
Always make sure there are
fire extinguishers nearby.

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(3) Overloaded Power
Sockets: Plugging too many
power cables into a socket
can result in the socket
being overloaded,
overheating, and a fire
starting.
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(4) Heavy Objects Falling: Many
items of computer equipment are
very heavy: CRT monitors, laser
printers, etc. Heavy items can
cause serious injury if they fall on
people.
Solution: Make sure equipment is
placed on strong tables / shelves.
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Keep magnets away from computer
and storage media because
magnets can delete information.
• Dust or moisture can cause
damage. It clogs the vents behind
the computer and cause it to heat
up.
• Your work area must be kept
clean and dust free. 34
 EXERCISE
1. List 3 measure which should put
into consideration to avoid
injuries when dealing with
computers .
2. Why liquids are not good near
computers?