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Framed Structures

The document discusses R.C.C framed structures, including their parts, advantages, disadvantages, design codes, materials, and analysis software. Key parts include slabs, beams, columns, foundations, and cantilevers. Advantages are increased floor area and flexibility in planning. Disadvantages include high formwork costs and need for careful construction. Design follows codes like IS 456 and limit state method. STAAD Pro, SAFE, and ETABS are common analysis programs while Revit and SketchUp are used for architectural design.

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Samit Thakur
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72 views26 pages

Framed Structures

The document discusses R.C.C framed structures, including their parts, advantages, disadvantages, design codes, materials, and analysis software. Key parts include slabs, beams, columns, foundations, and cantilevers. Advantages are increased floor area and flexibility in planning. Disadvantages include high formwork costs and need for careful construction. Design follows codes like IS 456 and limit state method. STAAD Pro, SAFE, and ETABS are common analysis programs while Revit and SketchUp are used for architectural design.

Uploaded by

Samit Thakur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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R.C.

C FRAMED
STRUCTURE
CONTENT
1. Introduction
2. Care in Framed Structure
3. Parts of Framed Structure
4. Advantages of Framed Structure
5. Disadvantages of Framed Structure
6. Codes for Designing Framed Structure
7. Design Method
8. Materials
9. Concrete Mix
10. Softwares for Structural Analysis
11. Softwares for Architechural Use
12. Conclusion
INTRODUCTI
ON
In RCC framed structure, the load is shared from a slab to the
beam then to the columns, further to the lower columns, and
lastly to the foundation which shares the load to the soil, the
walls are made after the frame is constructed.
CARE IN FRAMED
STRUCTURE
The necessity in RCC framed structure is as follows:
a. The steel bars used in cement concrete give a strong strength to the
structure.
b. The steel bars are marked or corrugated to improve the bonding or
cohesion between concrete
and steel.
c. Care should be taken that the steel bars used for RCC work should
not have any joints, so steel
must have a longer length.
d. If full-length steel bars are not available, the steel bar must be given
the appropriate overlap and
the overlap must be vibrated.
e. Care should be done so, that steel should not be bothered at the time
of concreting.
PARTS OF FRAMED
STRUCTURE
The parts of the RCC framed structure are as follows:
1. Slab
The slab may be defined as the structural parts of modern buildings,
containing a flat, horizontalsurface prepared of cast concrete.
PARTS OF FRAMED
2. Beam STRUCTURE
The beam is a horizontal structural element made up of reinforced
concrete that resists the lateral loads coming from the superstructure by
means of bending.
PARTS OF FRAMED
3. Column STRUCTURE
Columns are defined as long slender member load axially in
compression and having lateral dimensions very small as compared to
their lengths.
PARTS OF FRAMED
4. Foundation STRUCTURE
Foundation is the substructure that transfers the load from the
superstructure to the soil beneath. It is responsible for the stability of
the whole structure.
5. Cantilever
A cantilever beam is an inflexible structural component held at one end
and free at the other end. It is a horizontal beam structure whose free
end is opened to vertical loads.
ADVANTAGES OF FRAMED
STRUCTURE
The advantages of RCC framed structure are as follows:
a. Construction of floor area is often 10% to 12% which is larger than
that of a load-bearing wall, therefore such a building is ideally
economical where the worth of the land may be very excessive.
b. It is very easy to change the internal plan of a room, bathroom, WC,
etc. by changing the actual position of the partition wall which
ultimately gives more freedom in planning.
c. Monolithic construction will be taken to resist shocks and vibrations
more actually than load-bearing walled buildings.
d. Normal earthquake effects can be withstood by providing the
required design.
e. It is more rapid in construction, saves a lot of time, and initial
finishing.
DISADVANTAGES OF
FRAMED STRUCTURE
The disadvantages of RCC framed structure are as follows:
1. It needs meticulous mixing, casting and curing, all of which affect
the final strength of the member.
2. The cost of formwork used to cast concrete is relatively high.
3. It has low compressive strength when compared to steel which leads
to large sections of columns/beams in multistory buildings, cracks
development in concrete due to shrinkage and the application of live
loads is high.
4. If concreting is not done properly, the steel starts corroding thereby
losing strength and ultimately the life gets reduced. Also, the repairs are
then very expensive and difficult.
CODE FOR DESIGINING
FRAMED STRUCTURE
Some Famous codes to design a framed structure are as follows:
1. IS (Indian Standard) 456-2000
2. ACI (American Concrete Institute) 318-89
3. ICC (International Building Code) 2009
4. NZS (New Zealand Standard) 3101
5. Euro 2

Although in India, we only follow IS 456-2000 to design a framed


structure.
DESIGN METHOD
Three methods to Design a building are as follows:
1. Working stress method (WSM)
The method basically assumes that the structural material behaves as a linear
elastic manner, and that adequate safety can be ensured by suitably restricting
the stresses in the material induced by the expected “working loads” on the
structure. 
2. Ultimate load method (ULM)
In this method, the stress condition at the site of impending collapse of the
structure is analyzed, and the nonlinear stress-strain curves of concrete and
steel are made use of. 
3. Limit state method (LSM)
The philosophy of the limit state method of design represents a definite
advancement over the traditional design philosophies. Unlike WSM which
based calculations on service load conditions alone, and unlike ULM, which
based calculations on ultimate load conditions alone, LSM aims for a
comprehensive and rational solution to the design problem, by
considering safety at ultimate loads and serviceability at working loads.
MATERAILS
Some important materials in Framed structure are as follows:

1. Cement: A cement is a binder, a chemical substance used for


construction that sets, hardens, and adheres to other materials to
bind them together. IS 269:1989 – Specification for ordinary
Portland cement, 33 grade
2. Aggregate : Aggregate is a granular material, such as sand, gravel,
crushed stone, crushed hydraulic-cement concrete, or iron blast-
furnace slag, used with a hydraulic cementing medium to produce
either concrete or mortar. IS 383:1970 – Specification for coarse
and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete.
3. Water :  Water, which is used for making concrete, should be clean
and free from harmful impurities such as oil, alkali, acid, etc. In
general, water which is fit for drinking should be used for making
concrete.
MATERAILS
4. Steel : Steel bars are used in concrete to resist the tensile forces.
Some grade of steel are Fe415 & Fe500 when number like 415 or500
show the yield strength of steel (in N/mm2). IS:1786-
2008:Specification for High strength deformed steel bars and wires for
concrete reinforcement. IS:2502-1963: Code of practice for bending &
fixing of bars for concrete reinforcement.
5. Admixtures: The addition of an admixture may improve the
concrete with respect to its strength, hardness, workability, water-
resisting power, etc.
CONCRETRE MIX
1. Concrete Mix : Concrete mix is a mixer of concrete components
such as cement, sand, aggregates and water. Ratios of these
components are decided based on type of construction and mix
designs. Some Grade of Concrete are M20, M25, M30 etc where
numbers like 20,25,30 shows the strength(in N/mm2) of 150mm
cube after 28 days. Concrete mix should be designed as per IS
code:10262
CONCRETRE MIX
SOFTWARES FOR
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Some softwares for structural design are as follows:
1. STAAD Pro:
This is a structural design and analysis tool developed by Research
Engineers which was later acquired by Bentley Systems, a CAD/CAM
software company based in Pennsylvania. STAAD Pro is
considered as the best structural analysis software and adopted by over
a million structural engineers around the globe.
2. SAFE:
This software is mostly used in designing foundation slab systems
and concrete floors.
SOFTWARES FOR
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
3. CSI Etabs :
ETABS is a coordinated and effective tool for designs ranging
from straightforward 2D frames to intricate modern high-rises because
of its interoperability with several designs and documentation
platforms.
4.Tekla Structural Designer:
Tekla Structural Designer analyzes and effectively designs
buildings using Easily and effectively combines design and analysis
into a single model- based approach. Regardless of the structural
material, it delivers a safe, effective, and rationalized design more
quickly.
There are so many other softwares which are being used globally
according to the need and ease.
STAAD PRO. USER
INTERFACE
SAFE USER INTERFACE
ETAB USER INTERFACE
TEKLA USER INTERFACE
SOFTWARES OF
ARCHITECTURAL USE
Some famous softwares for architectural use are as follows:
1. Autodesk Revit (used for 3d animation)
2. SketchUp (used for 3d animation)
3. AutoCad (mainly used for 2D drafting)
4. AutoCad 3D (used for 3d animation)
5. 3ds Max (used for 3d animation)
CONCLUSION
We can conclude that a frame structure, is a building
technique based around structural members, which provide a
stable frame to which interior and exterior wall coverings are
attached, and covered by a roof or slab.
Framed structures also be made up of Timber or Steel section.
Framed structures have some advantages of convetional
method of construction.
REFERENCES
•https://dreamcivil.com/rcc-framed-structure/#_ 1_Requirement_in_RCC_
Framed_Structure

•Design of reinforced concrete structures by ramamrutham


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