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On Machine Learning

This machine learning tutorial helps you gain a solid introduction to the fundamentals of machine learning and explore a wide range of

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Md Rehan
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69 views20 pages

On Machine Learning

This machine learning tutorial helps you gain a solid introduction to the fundamentals of machine learning and explore a wide range of

Uploaded by

Md Rehan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation

On
Machine
Learning
Presented By :

MD NASIBUL RAHMAN 20DPCS005DB


TALAT SABREEEN 20DPCS006DB
IRTAJ ALI 20DPCS011DB
MD IRSHAD 20DPCS034DB
Outline

1. History of Machine Learning.


2. What is Machine Learning.
3. Why Machine Learning.
4. Learning System Model.
5. Training and Testing.
6. Performance.
7. Algorithms.
8. Machine Learning Structure.
9. Application.
10. Conclusion.
History of Machine Learning

 The name machine learning was coined in 1959 by


Arthur Samuel Tom M. Mitchell provided a widely
quoted, more formal definition of the algorithms studied
in the machine learning field:
 A computer program is said to learn from experience E with
respect to some class of tasks T and performance measure P if
its performance at tasks in T, as measured by P, improves
with experience E.
 Alan Turing's proposal in his paper "Computing Machinery
and Intelligence", in which the question "Can machines
think?" is replaced with the question "Can machines do what
we (as thinking entities) can do?".
Continued
What is Machine Learning

 A branch of artificial intelligence, concerned with the design


and development of algorithms that allow computers to
evolve behaviors based on empirical data.

 As intelligence requires knowledge, it is necessary for


the computers to acquire knowledge.

 Machine learning refers to a system capable of the


autonomous
acquisition and integration of knowledge
Continued
Why Machine Learning

 No human experts
 industrial/manufacturing control.
 mass spectrometer analysis, drug design, astronomic
discovery.
 Black-box human expertise
 face/handwriting/speech recognition.
 driving a car, flying a plane.
Continued

 Rapidly changing phenomena


 credit scoring, financial modeling.
 diagnosis, fraud detection.
 Need for customization/personalization
 personalized news reader.
 movie/book recommendation.
Learning System Model

Testing
Input Learning
Samples Method

System

Training
Training and Testing.

 Training is the process of making the system able to learn.

 No free lunch rule:


 Training set and testing set come from the same distribution
 Need to make some assumptions or bias
Continued

Data Practical
acquisition usage

Universal
set
(unobserve
d)

Training set Testing set


(observed) (unobserved)
Performance

 There are several factors affecting the performance:


 Types of training provided
 The form and extent of any initial background
knowledge
 The type of feedback provided
 The learning algorithms used

 Two important factors:


 Modeling
 Optimization
Algorithm

 The success of machine learning system also depends on the algorithms.

 The algorithms control the search to find and build the knowledge
structures.

 The learning algorithms should extract useful information from


training examples.
Types of Algorithm in ML

 Supervised learning .
 Prediction
 Classification (discrete labels), Regression (real values)
 Unsupervised learning.
 Clustering
 Probability distribution estimation
 Finding association (in features)
 Dimension reduction
 Semi-supervised learning.
 Reinforcement learning.
 Decision making (robot, chess machine)
Continued

Supervised learning
Unsupervised learning

Semi-supervised learning
Machine Learning Structure

 Supervised learning
Continued

Unsupervised learning
Application

 Face detection.

 Object detection and recognition.

 Image segmentation.

 Multimedia event detection.

 Economical and commercial usage.


Conclusion

 We have a simple overview of some techniques and algorithms


in machine learning. Furthermore, there are more and more
techniques apply machine learning as a solution. In the
future, machine learning will play an important role in our
daily life.
THANK YOU

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