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Point Estimate

This document provides an overview of a statistics and probability class that will review concepts like measures of central tendency, the mean, range, parameter, mode, statistic, and median. It also discusses activities to understand point and interval estimates of population means through examples calculating sample means and confidence intervals. The document aims to help students understand statistical concepts like estimation and distinguish between point and interval estimates.

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Lovely Villas
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429 views39 pages

Point Estimate

This document provides an overview of a statistics and probability class that will review concepts like measures of central tendency, the mean, range, parameter, mode, statistic, and median. It also discusses activities to understand point and interval estimates of population means through examples calculating sample means and confidence intervals. The document aims to help students understand statistical concepts like estimation and distinguish between point and interval estimates.

Uploaded by

Lovely Villas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 39

WELCOME TO

STATISTICS &
PROBABILITY CLASS!
REVIEW…

TIC TAC TOE GAME


1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
QUESTION 1

It is the average of a set of


values.

MEAN
QUESTION 2

The difference of lowest and


highest value in the data
distribution.

RANGE
QUESTION 3

A number or value describing


the whole population.

PARAMETER
QUESTION 4

The number that occur most often.

MODE
QUESTION 5

A number or value describing the


sample.

STATISTIC
QUESTION 6

The value in the middle of a data


set.

MEDIAN
QUESTION 7

Formula for the mean of


population.

𝝁=
∑ 𝑿
𝑵
QUESTION 8

What does this symbol refers to?

STANDARD DEVIATION
QUESTION 9

What does the symbol refers to?


MEAN OF POPULATION
THINK, THINK, THINK…
 How does a biologist determine
the DNA of a person?
 How does a politician know
his/her chance of winning a
barangay election?
Point And
Interval Estimate
Of Population
Mean
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, you should be able
to:
1. Understand the concept of estimation;
2. Distinguish between point and interval
estimation; and
3. Manifest appreciation of estimation as a tool
in giving conclusions about the parameters
in the population based on sample data.
ACTIVITY 1:
RESTAURANT
SERVICE QUALITY
Instructions: Read the following situation carefully.
Then, perform the appropriate operation to answer the
questions.
Sonia, a TVL Senior High School student
researcher, looked at the average time (in minutes)
it takes a random sample of customers to be served
in a restaurant. From 40 customers, the following
information was obtained.

8 8 10 18 10 13 8 10 8 10
12 10 16 16 12 15 12 12 9 15
10 20 20 12 10 10 16 10 18 12
15 12 15 14 15 16 15 12 8 8
QUESTIONS…
1. What is the mean of the sample? __________
2. How about the median and the mode? __________ and
_________
3. Which of the following measures of central tendency best
estimates the (true) average wait time of the restaurant?
Why?
4. Report a range of values that contains the number that may
truly describe the wait time. _____________________
5. Based on the observation of the average wait time, would
you patronize the restaurant? Why or why not?
ACTIVITY 2…

Look at the given diagram


and define estimate, interval
estimate and point estimate on
your own words.
VENN DIAGRAM
 All your answers in Activity 1, numbers 1 and 2 are
point estimates. What is a point estimate?
 What is the best point estimate of the population
mean?
 Your answer in Activity 1, number 4 is an example
of an interval estimate. How will you define an
interval estimate?
 What is your understanding on the concept of
estimation?
 What is the importance of knowing the concept of
estimation?
ESTIMATE
It is a value, or a range of
values, that approximates the
population value or parameter. It
is based on sample statistic
computed from sample data.
ESTIMATE
POINT ESTIMATE INTERVAL ESTIMATE
A point estimate is a Also called a
specific numerical value confidence interval, is a
of a population range of values used to
parameter. estimate a parameter.
This estimate may or
The sample mean (X) is may not contain the
the best point estimate true parameter value.
of a population mean.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
A. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT
INFORMATION TO MAKE MEANINGFUL STATEMENTS.
1. A ______________ is a single value used to estimate a
population parameter.
2. A range of value called ___________ is also used to
estimate a population parameter.
3. Among the three values of central tendency, the best
estimator of the population parameter is the
______________.
4. A good estimator has to be ____________.
5. To obtain a mean from a sample, the sum of the sample
values is divided by ______________.
B. Determine the appropriate estimator that can be used
to address the following situations below:
1. The range of grades in Mathematics that you got in
Junior High School Mathematics.
2. The average weekly allowance that a student receives
from his/her parents.
3. The mean number of hours for the screen time spent by
Grade 11 students using social media.
4. The range of age of all Senior High School students in
Buhang National High School.
5. The average wake time of teenagers in Buhang.
C. ESSAY

Differentiate point estimate and


interval estimate. (5 pts.)
THE END…
INTERVAL ESTIMATE when is known
The confidence level of an interval
estimate is the probability that the
interval estimate will continue the
true population parameter.
CRITICAL VALUES
The critical values, also known as confidence
coefficients, are the z-values that is used in
describing the characteristics of a a target
population. When is known, z-values are used.

At 90% confidence, is used.


At 95% confidence, is used.
At 99% confidence, is used.
MARGIN OF ERROR
The margin of error is the maximum difference between
the observed sample mean and the true vale of the
population mean. It is expressed as:

Where
is the critical value
population standard deviation
sample size
Interval estimate is expressed as

Lower limit Upper Limit


EXAMPLE 1
To determine the average weight of
oranges, 100 oranges were weighed.
The mean weight of the sample is 150
g. Previous studies show a standard
deviation of 40 g. Find the interval
estimate of the population mean
using 95% confidence level.
EXAMPLE 2
In a study of 50 senior high school
students, the mean number of hours per
week that they played video games was
20.5 hours. It was estimated that the
population standard deviation was 3.7.
What is the 99% confidence interval for
the mean time for playing video games?
INTERVAL ESTIMATE when is unknown
When is unknown, the interval estimate
can be determined using the student’s t-
distribution.
The degrees of freedom df are the number of
values that are free to vary after a sample
statistic has been computed. The degrees of
freedom is computed as follows:

Where n is the sample size


The confidence coefficients of the t-distribution is
found in the t-table. Moreover, the margin of error is
also computed as follows:

s for sample standard deviation


n for sample size

The interval estimate is expressed as


EXAMPLE 1
A random sample of 30 students were
measured about their height. The average
height of the sample is 5.3 feet. The
sample standard deviation is 1.1 feet.
Find the interval estimate of the
population mean using 95% confidence
level.
EXAMPLE 2
Rochelle wants to know the mean of all
entering trainees in a boot camp. The mean
age of a random sample of 25 trainees is 18
years and the standard deviation is 1.3 years.
The sample comes from a normally distributed
population. Find the interval estimate of the
population mean using 99% confidence
level.

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