BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PROJECT

MANAGEMENT

Prof. Nguyen Van Hung

11/2022
 Basic Principles of Project
Management

• Fundamental adjective
• Fundamentals noun

• Basic adjective
• Basics noun
 Basic Principles of Project Management
- Fundamental means a central or primary rule or principle on which something is based

- Basic means essential facts or principles of a subject or skill

I. Overview of the course

1. Module aim
2. Expected outcome
3. Content of the course
4. Assessment

5
 1. Module aim

● Introduction to students about the definition of Projects , Classification of

Projects and Representative Project examples

● Familiarize students with legal language; basic concepts, principles and

basic knowledge of the Project , Project Management

● Introduction to students about research scientific projects : Basic Research

and Applied Research Projects

● Expose students to legal reasoning and develop their ability to apply legal
concepts in the Research fields

● This course helps students to improve skills of managing a project such as

leadership skills, team building, conflict management ,time management …

6
 2. Expected outcomes
After completing the course, students should have:
• Basic knowledge on Project : What is a Project , Project
Classification and Project Management Basics

•Basic knowledge of Project Management ; from

initiating ,designing ,selecting project manager, implementing,
time management ,controlling and finishing the Project .

● Basic knowledge on Scientific Research Project :

- Basic Scientific Research Project

- Applied Scientific Research Project ; Analyzing and

problem-solving skills to be applied to practical cases .
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 3. Content of the course
Lecture 1 -
• Overview of the course
• PART I : PROJECT
• Introduction into Project
•- Classification of Projects
•- Overview of some Representatve examples for Projects
• Lecture 2 : Part I : Classification of Projects ( continued )
• Lecture 3 – PART II -PROJECT MANAGEMENT BASICS
Values ; Needs ; Phases of Project management and the Steps in Managing a project
Lecture 4 –Part II : Project Management Basics ( continued )
The Basic Phases of the Projeject Management
Lecture 5 – Part II : Project Management Basics ( continued)
Project Manager
lecture 6 – Part II : Project Management basics ( continued )
Project Organization and Team in Project Management
Lecture 7- Part II : Project Management Basics ( continued )
Project Planning ; Project Scheduling ; Project Monitoring ;Project Controlling
Lecture 8 – Part II : Project Management Basics ( continued )
Project Contronlling ; Project Evaluation and Termination
Lecture 9 – PART III - RESEARCH PROJJECT : Concept , Definition 8
Concept ,Definition :Types and Kinds of Research Projects
 4. Assessment
Final Exam : 60%
Midterm Test (6/20 ) 30%
Attendance (2/20 ) 10%

Total (20/20 ) 100%

9
 Refferences And Reading list
1. Sdudent Worbook- Fundamentals OF Management ; First
edition_1998
2. James P.lewis –Fundamentals of Project Management ; Third
edition_2007 .
3- Joseph Heagney – Fundamentals of Project Management ;
Fourth edition_2005
4. Project Management Institute- A Guide to Project Management
Body of Knowledge (PMBORGuide ); Fifth edition_2013
5. Russ Unger and Carolyn Chandler’s- A project Guide to UX
Design : For User Experience Designers in the Field or in the
Maketing ; Second edition_2009
6.Project Management : Project Evaluation & Termination 1
0
 Lecture 1
PART I : PROJECT
- Introduction into Projects
- Definition , Classification of Projects
- Overview of some representative
examples of Projects
 PART I

THE INTRODUCTION INTO

PROJECTS
1. CONCEPT,OVERVIEW OF PROJECT
Historical Projects

Flag Tower of Hanoi

Cộng hoà xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam
 CONCEPT,OVERVIEW OF PROJECT
Historical Projects

The Construction of The Flag Tower of Hanoi

The tower was built in 1812 during the Nguyen dynasty as

an observation post to the Hanoi Citadel
 1. CONCEPT , OVERVIEW OF PROJECT

Historical Projects:

Construction of Longbien Bridge

Tour Eiffel

The bridge was built in 1899–1902 by the architects Daydé & Pillé of
Paris, and opened in 1903. Before North Vietnam's independence in 1954,
it was called Paul-Doumer Bridge, named after Paul Doumer - The
Governor-General of French Indochina and then French president. At 1.68
kilometres (1.04 mi) in length, it was, at that time, one of the longest
bridges in Asia.
 Thang Long Bridge

The bridge was built in 1974–1985, is a bridge in Hanoi, Vietnam, which connects
the city with Noi Bai Airport. At 3.25 kilometres in length.
 Chuong Duong Bridge

The bridge was built in 1983–1985, is a major river road bridge in Hanoi. At
1.23 kilometres in length.
 Truong Tien Bridge

The bridge was built in 1899–1990, is a bridge in Hue, Vietnam. Spanning over
the Perfume River.
 Question
WHAT IS The BOT Project ?
 2. Origin and Etymology of project

The word project comes from the Latin word projectum from the Latin verb proicere,

"before an action" which in turn comes from pro-, which denotes precedence,
something that comes before something else in time (paralleling the Greek πρό)
and iacere, "to do". The word "project" thus originally meant "before an action".
When the English language initially adopted the word, it referred to a plan of
something, not to the act of actually carrying this plan out. Something performed in
accordance with a project became known as an "object". Every project has certain
phases of development.

3. Project synonyms

2.1. Synonyms
Arrangement, blueprint, design, game, game plan, ground plan, master plan,
program, plan, road map, scheme, strategy, system.
2.2. Related words
Collusion, conspiracy, plot; contrivance, device, gambit, maneuver, ruse, stratagem,
subterfuge,trick; counterplan, counterstrategy; means, tactic, technique, way;
procedure, protocol; conception, idea , proposal, specific (s), specification(s); aim,
intent, intention, purpose; diagram, formula, layout, map, pattern, platform, policy,
recipe, setup.
 4. Definitions of project
There are various definitions of project from different sources:

3.1. “A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product,

service, or result.”
Project Management Institute (PMI) - A Guide To The Project Management
Body Of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) Fourth Edition 3.
3.2. “A project is a temporary organization that is created for the purpose of
delivering one or more business products according to an agreed Business Case.”
Office of Government Commerce (OGC) - Managing Successful Projects with
PRINCE Fifth Edition 4.
3.3. “A project is a time and cost constrained operation to realize a set of defined
deliverables (the scope to fulfil the projects objectives) up to quality standards and
requirements.” International Project Management Association (IPMA) - IPMA
Competence Baseline (ICB) Version 3.05.
3.4. “Project is a unique, transient endeavour undertaken to achieve a desired
outcome.” Association for Project Management (APM) - APM Body of Knowledge
Fifth Edition 6.
3.5. “A project refers to a value creation undertaking based on a specific, which is
completed in a given or agreed time frame and under constraints, including
resources and external circumstances.”
Project Management Association of Japan (PMAJ) - A Guidebook of Project &
Program Management for Enterprise Innovations (P2M) 2005 Edition 7.
 3. Definitions of project
There are various definitions of project from different sources:
3.6. “Project is a unique process consisting of aset of coordinated and controlled
activities with start and finish dates, undertaken to achieve an objective conforming to
specific requirements including constraintsof time, cost and resources.”
ISO 10006:2003 - Quality Management Systems - Guidelines for Quality
Management in Projects 8.
3.7. “Project is a unique set of coordinated Activities, with defined starting and
finishing points, undertaken by an individual or organization to meet specific
objectives with defined schedule, cost and performance parameters.”
British Standards Institute: BS 6079-1: Guide to Project Management 9.
3.8. “A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product,
service or result in order to achieve an outcome.”
Australian Institute of Project Management (AIPM): AIPM Professional
Competency Standards for Project Management 2008 Edition 10.
3.9. “A project is a managed set of interrelated resources that delivers one or more
products to a customer or end user. The set of resources has a definite beginning and
end and operates according to a plan.”
Software Engineering Institute (SEI): Capability Maturity Model Integration
(CMMI) 12.
3.10. “A project is a managed set of interrelated resources that delivers one or more
products to a customer or end user. The set of resources has a definite beginning and
end and operates according to a plan.”
 3. Definitions of project
There are various definitions of project from different sources:

3.11. “A project can be considered to be any series of activities and tasks that:
• Have a specific objective to be completed within certain specifications
• Have defined start and end dates
• Have funding limits (if applicable)
• Consume human and nonhuman resources (ie, money, people, equipment)
• Are multifunctional (ie, cut across several functional lines)”
Harold Kerzner: Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling
and Control Tenth Edition 14.
3.12. “A project is a temporary organization to which resources are assigned to do
work todeliver beneficial changes.”
J. Rodney Turner: A Handbook of Project-Based Management – Leading Strategic
Change in Organizations Third Edition 15.
3.13. “Projects are the building blocks in the designand execution of strategies for an
organization. Projects provide an organizational focus for conceptualizing, designing,
and creating new or improved products, services, and organizational processes.”
David I. Cleland: Field Guide to Project Management Second Edition 16.
3.14. “A project is a problem scheduled for solution.” “All improvement takes place
Project-by-Project and in no other way.” “All Projects follow the “Universal Sequence
for Breakthrough.”
Joseph M. Juran (1904 – 2008) 17.
 3. Definitions of project
There are various definitions of project from different sources:

From these definitions, the following definition is more appropriate for us:

“A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a

unique product, service or result in order to achieve an
outcome.”
Australian Institute of Project Management (AIPM): AIPM Professional Competency
Standards for Project Management 2008 Edition 10.
 5. Characteristics of Projects

• Specific deliverable

• A specific timeframe

• A budget

• Working across organizational boundaries

• Unique specifications
 6. Other Common Characteristics of Projects

• Multidisciplinary

• Complex

• Conflict

• Part of Programs
 7. This is not a project

• Work/activities are repetitive

• Too small-scaled (Some companies specify a

minimum budget with which an activity cannot
be seen as “a project”, e.g., US$50,000 or
US$250,000; but some others do not have such
constraints)
Project Stakeholders

“Project stakeholders are individuals and organisations who are actively involved in
the project, or whose interests may be positively or negatively affected as a result of
project execution or successful project completion”.

Project stakeholders
The reasons for the success or failure of projects.
Why do projects fail?
Failure to align projects with organizational objectives
Poor scope
Unrealistic expectations
Lack of executive sponsorship
Lack of project management
Inability to move beyond individual and personality conflicts
Politics
Why do projects succeed?
Project sponsorship at executive level
Good project charter
Strong project management
The right mix of team players
Good decision making structure
Good communications
Team members are working toward common goals
The Waterfall Model Concept
How to prepare a Project
 Lecture 2
PART I : PROJECT ( continued )

Classification Of Projects
Representative Project Examples
 II. CLASSIFICATION OF PROJECTS

The are different basis to classify the projects :

1. Based on the following fundamentals :
1.1 Long term (Years)
Broad Goals (A company’s large scale objectives. I.E; Improve ROI, Increase
Shareholder value, Gain market share etc…)
Setting global business or strategic goals such as your release criteria, workflow
setup and lifecycle?
Selecting and assigning which resources are allocated to which projects (What
team resources can I allocate? What can I afford to dedicate to this project?)
1.2 Short term (Months)
- Specific Objectives (Hitting Milestones and Release Dates-Micromanaging the
day to day - goals and activities, focusing on execution.
People: Assigning individuals or teams with domain expertise to specific actions.

The projects can be classified as:

2.1 Strategic project
A strategic project has a primary goal of gaining the competitive advantage by
focusing on the organization's overall direction.
2.2 Tactical project
These are projects that have one operational goal, which probably does not entail
Classification of Projects
Concepts and meanings should be
differentiated :
Goal
aim
Purpose
Objective
Target
 Classification of Projects
. A Goal is an achievable that is generally broad
and longer term
• Aim : What you hope to get and you want to do
this
• Purpose can be called as the reason on one Aim
to achieve a goal
• Objective is shorter term and defines
measurable action io achieve overall goal
• Target : the exact results of what you want to get
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can be classified as under:

3.According to the source of fund

3.1. Private sector project
The private sector bodies are responsible for the development and sponsor of the
project. Examples- RB complex, Kathmandu mall, Apartments etc.`
3.2. Government sector project
In developing country government is the major sponsor of projects. These are the
basis of government developing plans. Examples- Road construction, school,
health etc.
3.3. Grant project
Investment in grant projects is not repaid by the government to the donor agencies.
3.4. Loan project
Investment in loan projects is repaid by the government to the donor agencies.
– ADB USTH – project – Building of Hoa Lac compus for USTH.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can be classified as under:

4. According to foreign aided project

4.1. Joint venture project

The project is funded through the collaboration of foreign and local investors.
They are based on ownership sharing. Also, they involve transferring of capital,
technology, management. Example- Maruti-Suzuki.
4.2. Bilateral project
The project is funded from the financial resources of the friendly donor country.
Examples- JICA, KOICA.
Viet Nam – France University.
4.3. Multilateral project
This project is funded from the financial resources of multilateral agencies such as
World Bank and Asian development bank. They are generally funded through
loans. All UN agencies are multilateral.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can be classified as under:

5. According to Techniques
Labor intensive project
This project is labor based. Human labors are extensively used for
implementation of the project.
Advantages
More employment generation.
Utilization of resources.
More production at the cheaper rate.
Disadvantages
It cannot be applied for the long run.
No possibility of improving skills.
Low capital formation.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:

5. According to Techniques
5.2. Capital Intensive Project
This project is technology based. Technology represented by
machinery and computerization is extensively used for
implementation of the project.
Advantages
Applied for the long run.
Technology transfer.
Ease in capital formation.
Disadvantages
Required huge amount of capital.
Imbalance distribution of income in society.
Centralization.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:

6. According to function
6.1. Disaster prevention projects.
It is not feasible to formulate universally acceptable definition of
disaster prevention project that will satisfy all practioners, but
common and agreed upon definitions must be formulated in the
various fields and areas concerned with disasters and where there
exit reconcilable, common sets of objective.
Example: Disaster prevention project for sustainable project.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
6. According to function
6.2. Development project
Community Development project
* Abstract
The development objective of the Community Development Project
is to establish an effective and sustainable instrument to improve the
living conditions and the economic status of disadvantaged
communities.
There are two main project components.
6.2.1 The first component focuses on social and infrastructure
development and provides sub-project grants for:
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:

+ carrying out social assessments and designing programs of sub-projects

+ implementing sub-projects consisting of:
a) improving access to basic education, health, and social services by rehabilitating and
upgrading schools and health, youth, cultural, and recreation centers and facilities in poor areas;
b) carrying out programs for revolving school textbooks, literacy, and primary health care;
c) improving access to specialized social services to satisfy the needs of vulnerable groups at
risk;
d) developing basic rural infrastructure activities such as community potable water and small
drainage and irrigation schemes; and
e) enhancing environmental protection initiatives such as reforestation and natural resource and
cultural heritage preservation.
6.2.2 The second component focuses on income enhancement by funding capacity building
activities to support:
a) micro and small entrepreneurs and nongovernmental organizations providing credit to target
beneficiary groups; and
b) women, youth, and disabled people to provide them with demand-driven specialized skills
that will help them increase income and business opportunities
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
* Example

Official development assistance (ODA) is a term coined by the Development

Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) to measure aid. The DAC first used the term in 1969. It is
widely used as an indicator of international aid flow. It includes some loans.
Definition
The full definition of ODA is:
Flows of official financing administered with the promotion of the economic
development and welfare of developing countries as the main objective, and which
are concessional in character with a grant element of at least 25 percent (using a
fixed 10 percent rate of discount). By convention, ODA flows comprise
contributions of donor government agencies, at all levels, to developing countries
(“bilateral ODA”) and to multilateral institutions. ODA receipts comprise
disbursements by bilateral donors and multilateral institutions.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
Official Development Assistance (ODA)
In other words, ODA needs to contain the three elements:
-undertaken by the official sector (official agencies, including state and local
governments, or their executive agencies) with promotion of
economic development and welfare as the main objective; and
at concessional financial terms (if a loan, having a grant element of at least
25 per cent).
This definition is used to exclude development aid from the two other
categories of aid from DAC members:
- Official Aid (OA):
Flows which meet conditions of eligibility for inclusion in Official Development
Assistance (ODA), other than the fact that the recipients are on Part II of the
Development Assistance Committee (DAC) List of Aid Recipients.
-Other Official Flows (OOF): Transactions by the official sector with
countries on the List of Aid Recipients which do not meet the conditions for
eligibility as Official Development Assistance or Official Aid, either because they
are not primarily aimed at development, or because they have a grant element of
less than 25 per cent.
There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
NGOs project definition
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a non-profit, citizen-based group that functions
independently of government. NGOs, sometimes called civil societies, are organized on
community, national and international levels to serve specific social or political purposes, and
are cooperative, rather than commercial, in nature.
Examples of NGOs include those that support human rights, advocate for improved health or
encourage political participation. Two broad groups of NGOs are identified by the World Bank:
operational NGOs, which focus on development projects; and advocacy NGOs, which are
organized to promote particular causes. Certain NGOs may fall under both categories
simultaneously.
While the term "NGO" has various interpretations, it is generally accepted to include private
organizations that operate without government control and that are non-profit and non-criminal.
Other definitions further clarify NGOs as associations that are non-religious and non-military.
Some NGOs rely primarily on volunteers, while others support a paid staff. As non-profits,
NGOs rely on a variety of sources for funding, including membership dues, private donations,
the sale of goods and services, and grants. Despite their independence from government, some
NGOs rely significantly on government funding.
Large NGOs may have budgets in the millions or billions of dollars.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:

Examples
If a donor country accords a grant or a concessional loan to Afghanistan it is
classified as ODA, because it is on the Part I list.
If a donor country accords a grant or a concessional loan to Bahrain it is classified
as OA, because it is on the Part II list.
If a donor country gives military assistance to any other country or territory it is
classified as OOF, because it is not aimed at development.
A recent OECD DAC Communique has seen the donor community update the
definition of ODA to better reflect the Sustainable Development Goals.
ODA ,DAC ; OECD;OA :OOF
Communiqe : An official statement or Report , especially to newspapers
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
Countries by development aid given
ODA volumes may be measured absolutely, by the amount transferred, or relatively, as a
proportion of the donor country's economy. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and Development (OECD), the top 15 countries (DAC and non-DAC members)
giving the highest amounts (in absolute terms) in 2015 are as follows:
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
Countries by development aid given
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:

Donor countries by percentage of gross national income (GNI )

The OECD also lists countries by the amount of ODA they give as a
percentage of their gross national income. Seven countries met the
longstanding UN target for an ODA/GNI ratio of 0.7% in 2015. The
top 15 DAC and non-DAC countries for 2015 are shown below:
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
Donor countries by percentage of gross national income

The average for European Union countries that are DAC members – 0.47%

 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
Aid recipients

The average for European Union countries that are DAC members – 0.47%

 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
Aid recipients
World Bank reports that Iraq was the top recipient of development aid in 2005 followed by
Nigeria. However, this is due to the significant debt relief deals that were granted to these
nations that year - when donor countries write off a portion of a recipient country's debt, it
is counted as official development assistance from the donor country.
The OECD reports that in 2009 Africa received the largest amount of ODA, at $28 billion.
Of that, $25 billion went to countries south of the Sahara, with Sudan receiving
approximately $1.9 billion and Ethiopia getting $1.8 billion. Asia received the second
largest amount at $24 billion. The top ODA receiving countries in order were Afghanistan
($5.1 billion), Iraq ($2.6 billion) and Vietnam ($2.1 billion)
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
Criticism
Official development assistance has been criticized by several economists for
being an inappropriate way of helping poor countries. The Hungarian
economist Peter Thomas Bauer has been one of the most vocal of them. Another
notable economist arguing against ODA includes Dambisa Moyo in her
book Dead Aid. According to her, a country used to receiving ODA may be
perpetually bound to depend on handouts.
Donor countries are most commonly compared by the amount of Official
Development Assistance given and their quantity of aid as a percent of GDP.
However, there is an increasing focus placed on the quality of aid, rather than
simply the quantity. The Commitment to Development Index is one such measure
that ranks the largest donors on a broad range of their "development friendly"
policies. It takes into account the quality of aid, in addition to the quantity,
penalizing countries for tied aid. Aid also does not operate in a vacuum; a
country's policies on issues such as trade or migration also have a significant
impact on developing countries.
Tied Aid : Viện trợ ràng buộc ( Viên trợ có điều kiện )
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
7. Service sector project
Agricultural Services Sector Project
The Agricultural Services Sector Project addresses two main goals of the Government's new
agricultural sector policy: improvement of cost-effectiveness of public expenditures in the
agricultural sector and improvement of nutritional standards and incomes in rural areas. The
project is a hybrid operation composed of a policy component and an investment component.
The policy component focuses on:
(1) reforming the agricultural input policy;
(2) reorganization of Buyenzi and Kirimiro Regional Development Companies (RDC); and
(3) reforming the salary structure of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MOAL) staff.
The investment component comprises:
(1) strengthening of MOAL's central services;
(2) strengthening agricultural research;
(3) strengthening through reorganization of regional agricultural services;
(4) management of RDC reorganization;
(5) promotion of community development and rural youth employment; and
(6) strengthening of the cooperative movement.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
(7). Scientific research project
Application of Scientific method to the investigation of relationships among natural
phenomenon to solve a technical problem.
(8). Environment-friendly projects.
Green - chemistry .
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
8. According to scale and size
8.1. Mega project
A project involving huge investment and of relatively long duration (5 to 10 years) is called
mega project. These projects require EIA. Example- Upper Karnali hydropower project.
8.2. Major project
It is smaller in size and also less complex than the mega project. Example- Middle
Marshyangdi hydropower project.
8.3. Medium project
It is small in size than the major project. Examples- Khimti hydropower project. This
project requires IEE (Initial Environmental Examination).
8.4. Small project
It is the smallest project in size and also of short duration. Example- Manang hydropower.
8.5. Micro project
It is smaller than the small project and managed by community-based organizations.
Example - Ghandruk micro hydropower project.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:

9. According to time frame and speed

9.1. Normal project
Normal time allowed for project implementation.
9.2. Crash project
Saving in time is achieved by spending extra resources in terms of money, materials and
manpower.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
10. According to nature
10.1. Simple project
Simple projects involve only one or a few people over a short time. Typically, simple
projects will have few tasks dependent on other tasks, and will be relatively straightforward
and easy to coordinate. Examples might be coordinating delivery of resources for a
workshop session, implementing a small marketing plan, or delivering a simple software
enhancement.
10.2. Complex project
Nearly all large and many small projects exhibit characteristics of complexity. Nevertheless
projects of all sizes continue to be managed using linear thinking strategies based on project
management traditions that go back to the building of the great pyramids in Egypt during
the third millennium BCE, when societies and workgroups were arranged hierarchically.
Much of the thinking dominating project management as it is currently practiced and taught
is still founded upon control theories which were developed in the early modern period to
deal with nineteenth- and twentieth-century industrialization and imperial expansion. There
is nothing intrinsically wrong with this. However, issues do arise when these ideas are
applied unilaterally to all kinds of projects in all contexts.
 There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:

10.3. Innovative
Innovation is often also viewed as the application of better solutions that meet new
requirements, unarticulated needs, or existing market needs. This is accomplished through
more-effective products, processes, services, technologies, or business models that are
readily available to markets, governments and society. The term "innovation" can be
defined as something original and more effective and, as a consequence, new, that "breaks
into" the market or society. It is related to, but not the same as, invention. Innovation is
often manifested via the engineering process. The opposite of innovation is exnovation.
While a novel device is often described as an innovation, in economics, management
science, and other fields of practice and analysis, innovation is generally considered to be
the result of a process that brings together various novel ideas in a way that they affect
society. In industrial economics, innovations are created and found empirically from
services to meet the growing consumer demand.
10.4. Emergency
Emergency project is the work the organization and management of resources and
responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies – preparedness,
response, and recovery – in order to reduce the harmful effects of all hazards, including
disasters.
There are the different basis to classify the projects. Projects can
be classified as under:
11. According to orientation
11`1. Product oriented project
The focus is on the technical part of the project. Examples-building, road,
hydropower.
11.2. Process oriented
No consideration is given to technical part. Examples- person focused training,
repair of cement plant etc.
 III. Representative Project Examples

1. University for Science and Technology of Ha Noi (USTH)

The Bilateral project for Education and Training based on
Intergovermental Agreement between Viet Nam and France:
“Establishment and Development of University for Science
and Technology of Ha Noi”
III. Representative Project Examples
 Bologna Process
The Bologna Process is an intergovernmental higher education reform process that
includes 49 European countries and a number of European organisations, including
EUA. Its main purpose is to enhance the quality and recognition of European higher
education systems and to improve the conditions for exchange and collaboration
within Europe, as well as internationally.

Launched in 1998-1999, the Bologna Process established goals for reform in the
participating countries, such as the three-cycle degree structure (bachelor, master’s,
doctorate), and adopted shared instruments, such as the European Credits Transfer
and Accumulation System (ECTS) and the 
Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Are
a (ESG)
.
When the European Higher Education 
III. Representative Project Examples
III. Represenrtative Project Examples
 Advanced Applied
Medical Science Materials Science Aeronautical
Information and Environmental
and Technology Communication and Engineering
Sciences
Technology Nanotechnology

Space Science
Automotive
and Satellite
Engineering
Technology
USTH’s degree Bachelor
Biotechnology-
programs Engineering
Physics and
Drug discovery
Electronics

Electrical Mechatronics
Data Cyber Applied
Engineering and Engineering Chemistry
Renewable Energy Science Security Mathematics
Technology
OUR UNIVERSITY
BOLOGNA PROCESS
PROGRAMS ( Specialities or
majors)
PROGRAMS (Specialites or
Majors)
PROGRAMS ( Specialities or
Majors )
OUR UNIVERSITY
WARMLY WELCOMING !
III. Representatve Project Examples
 III. Representative Project Examples

2. Loan project ADB–

BASIC DATA

Project Title: University of Science and Loan Number: 2750/2751-VIE

Technology of Hanoi Development (New Loan Approval Date: 25 April 2011
Model University) Project Loan Agreement Signing Date: 10
Borrower: the Government of Vietnam November 2011
Executing Agency: Ministry of Education Loan Effectiveness: 1st March 2012
and Training Original Loan Closing Date: 30 June 2018
Implementing agency: PMU-USTH and Revised Loan Closing Date: None
UIU Elapsed Loan Period: 54 months
Total Estimated Project Cost: US$213.0 Date of last ADB Review Mission: 19 – 27
M Oct 2015
Financing Plan:
OCR: US$ 170.0M
ADFHT: US$ 20.0M
Government Fund: US$ 23.0M
 
 III. Representatve Project Examples

2. Loan project ADB–

BASIC DATA

The ADB agreed to provide a loan of $170 million from ADB’s ordinary capital
resources (OCR) and a loan of $20 million from the hard terms facility of the Asian
Development Fund (ADFHT) to finance the project. The OCR loan will have a 26-year
term, including a grace period of 6 years, an annual interest rate determined in
accordance with ADB’s London interbank offered rate (LIBOR)-based lending
facility,a commitment charge of 0.15% per annum on any undisbursed amount of the
loan, and such other terms and conditions as set forth in the draft loan agreement. The
ADFHT loan will have a 32-year term, including a grace period of 8 years, an interest
rate of 2.02% per annum throughout the life of the loan, and such other terms and
conditions as set forth in the draft loan agreement. The Government committed to
allocate $20 million as counterpart fund to cover Project operation and taxes and
duties, plus $3 million for resettlement and land acquisition costs.
 III. Representative Project Examples

2. Loan project ADB–

BASIC DATA

Output A: Effective Management and Governance System for the USTH.

Output A will assist in the development and implementation of the rigorous
management and governance systems, capacity building programs for USTH senior
managers and governors, university management and administrative systems and
student services.
Output B: Systems to Promote High Quality and Relevance in Academic
Programs at USTH Developed and Implemented.
Output 2 will establish and support the operation of a number of centers within the
USTH that will promote high quality and relevance in academic programs at the
USTH:
 III. Representative project examples

2. Loan project ADB–

BASIC DATA

Center for teaching and learning excellence. This will prepare graduate students to be
university teachers and improve the teaching and curriculum development
competencies of existing teachers.
Center for quality assurance. This will embed a permanent internal quality assurance
management service for USTH management and academic staff by, among other
things, establishing a quality assurance framework and institutionalizing the use of
peer review and other strategies.
Center for research support. The center will provide USTH staff with high-level
support in designing and publishing their research, applying for grants, and providing
training in research strategies to postgraduate students.
 III. Representative project examples

2. Loan project ADB–

BASIC DATA

Center for industry engagement. The center will be responsible for building links with
industry and other potential users of USTH’s knowledge, expertise, and technologies.
It will support researchers to establish industry links, develop joint research programs
and contract research, and facilitate student placements, staff exchanges, and joint
funding of infrastructure and services.
Center for laboratory management. The center will develop a centralized workshop
system for the maintenance and repair of USTH’s scientific laboratories and build the
capacity of technical staff to sustain an international standard science and technology
university.
 III. Representative project examples

2. Loan project ADB–

BASIC DATA

Output C: Physical Facilities at University of Science and Technology of Hanoi

Constructed and Outfitted.
Output 3 will support the design, construction, and outfitting of the USTH physical
facilities at the HHTP to support the university’s initial design capacity of 5,000
students. This will include site preparation, and design and construction of teaching
spaces, research laboratories, dormitories, student leisure facilities, administration
buildings, infrastructure, and provision of furniture, fittings, and equipment.
Construction will use a design–bid–build approach.
Output D: Effective Project Management and Implementation.
Output 4 will support the establishment of systems and staff capacity required for
effective project management and implementation. Procurement for the construction of
the campus under output 3 will be managed by the central project management unit
(PMU-USTH), while the university implementation unit (UIU) will manage the
implementation of USTH’s development (Outputs 1 and 2). The PMU-USTH will
manage the development and implementation of a project monitoring and evaluation
system, including preparation of required plans, data systems, and baseline studies.
 III. Representative project examples

Hoa Lac Campus

 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HÀ NỘI
BAN GIÁM HIỆU NHÀ TRƯỜNG
BAN GIÁM HIỆU NHÀ TRƯỜNG
NHIỆM KỲ 2010 - 2014

Prof. Le Tran Binh Prof. Pierre Sebban Prof. Nguyen Van Hung
Vice-rector of USTH Rector of USTH Vice-rector of USTH
Institute of University Paris-Sud Institute of Marine
Biotechnology – VAST Biochemistry – VAST
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HÀ NỘI
KHAI GIẢNG NĂM HỌC 2014 – 2015
 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KHOA HỌC VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HÀ NỘI
BAN GIÁM HIỆU NHÀ TRƯỜNG
BAN GIÁM HIỆU NHÀ TRƯỜNG
NHIỆM KỲ 2015 - 2020

Prof. Le Tran Binh Prof. Patrick Boiron Prof. Nguyen Van Hung
Vice-rector of USTH Rector of USTH Vice-rector of USTH
Institute of University of Lyon Institute of Marine
Biotechnology – VAST Biochemistry – VAST
USTH Rector Board
• 2017 - 2018

Prof. Assoc. Prof. Dinh Thi Assoc. Prof. Ngo

Patrick Mai Thanh Duc Thanh
Boiron Vice Rector (2016- Vice Rector
Rector 2018) (2016-2018)
(2015-
2018) 85
USTH Rector Board
• 2018

Assoc. Prof. Dinh Thi Dr. Nguyen Hai

Mai Thanh Dang
Acting Rector (2018 Vice Rector (2018
– 2019) – up to now)

86
USTH Rector Board
• 2019 - 2021

Assoc. Prof. Dinh Thi Dr. Nguyen Hai Dang

Prof. Etienne
Mai Thanh Vice Rector (2018 – up to now)
Saur
Principal Rector Rector (2019-up to
(2019-2021) now)

87
USTH Rector Board
• 2022

Prof. Jean-Marc Assoc. Prof. Dinh Dr. Nguyen Hai Assoc. Prof. Tran
Lavest Thi Mai Thanh Dang Dinh Phong
Principal Rector Rector (2019-up to Vice Rector (2018 – Vice Rector (2022-
(2021-up to now) now) up to now) up to now)
88
Law basis
 Intergovernmental agreement between the Government of Vietnam and the Government of France University of Science
and Technology of Hanoi (USTH) construction and development for the period 2009 - 2019
 Agreement between the Government of Vietnam and the Government of France on the development of University of
Science and Technology of Hanoi, effective from 2020
 Decision No. 2557/QĐ-TTg of the Prime Minister on promulgating the regulation on organization and operation of
USTH
 Decisions of the Rector of USTH on assigning duties for Principal Rector, Rector and Vice Rectors.

89
Duties among the Rector Board

1. The Principal Rector and the Rector are the leaders in all operations, take full responsibility before the
law, the President of VAST and the University Council for aspects which they are assigned;

2. The duty assignment for the Principal Rector and the Rector shall be based on each one’s strength

3. The Vice Rectors shall perform their tasks as assigned or authorized by the Principal Rector and the
Rector, be responsible before the law and the Principal Rector/the Rector for their assignments. Vice
Rectors shall regularly and timely report on the implementation of the assigned tasks and ask for the
directions of the Principal Rector, the Rector on important and complicated issues before making any
decisions;

90
 III. Representative project examples

3. Disaster Prevention Project in Vietnam

Disaster prevention through mangrove afforestation Contributing to protection
of the Earth’s environment
Mangroves, which grow in marshy places, are
called a ‘green wall’, protecting people from
natural disasters such as typhoons and tsunami. The
Japanese Red Cross Society (JRCS), has worked
with the Vietnam Red Cross Society (VRCS), since
1997 to promote the afforestation of mangroves
and other plants and on various environmental
protection activities, covering about 10,408
hectares, which is equal to about 2226 Tokyo
Domes. These forests are estimated to absorb about
16.3 million tons of greenhouse gas and thus
contribute to the prevention of global warming.
 III. Representative project examples

3. Disaster Prevention Project in Vietnam

Disaster prevention through mangrove afforestation Contributing to protection
of the Earth’s environment
‘We have come to live safely.’‘Mangrove’ is the general term for various types of plants
growing in brackish (a mixture of fresh and salt) water. Mangrove forests were once
numerous in Vietnam due to its rich environment. But war, deforestation, and shrimp farming
have reduced the number by half. As a result, damage due to typhoons and tidal conditions
has grown year by year, gravely affecting the lives of local people and their crops.
A disaster prevention project promoting mangrove afforestation was launched by the JRCS
and VRCS to address this problem. Afforestation is carried out by hand of local people, and a
wide range of activities aimed at forest protection and fire prevention enlightenment by local
volunteers have been undertaken.
 III. Representative project examples

3. Disaster Prevention Project in Vietnam

Disaster prevention through mangrove afforestation Contributing to protection
of the Earth’s environment
Hoan Ruon, vice chairman of the Red Cross branch in Hai Phong City, which is one of the
project targets, looked back at the fruits of these activities over the past 20 years and said,
‘Although it has been very hard to attract volunteers, all of the members enthusiastically
tackled their assignments. As a result, they have contributed to a reduction in climate change
and the disasters it brings.’
Bui An Bien in Thai Binh province, who took part in the afforestation activities from the
beginning of the project, said in joy, ‘Afforestation led to a safe life. Mangroves are a good
environment for fish and other types of seafood, so we could start aquafarming.
Mangrove afforestation in Vietnam has been supported by the JRCS for 20 years. The initial
target was six northern provinces. It has since been enlarged to ten provinces. The VRCS
makes a strong effort to cooperate with the government to promote future support from the
government.
Can Gio Mangrove biosphere reserve
 Questions for Review
• 1-What is a project ?
• 2-which are characteristics of a project ?
• 3-The reasons for Project Failure and Success ?
• 3-How to classify the projects ?
• -What is ODA ;NGOs ?
• 4-How to prepare a project ( how many steps
are there ) ?
• 5-Give Project Examples ?
• 6- How do you understand the “ Term ” Project
Stakeholders : CEO…