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Normalization

Normalization is a database design technique that structures data to minimize redundancy and dependency. It divides larger tables into smaller tables linked through relationships. The theory was proposed by Edgar Codd and includes normal forms like 1NF, 2NF, 3NF and BCNF to reduce anomalies and improve data integrity. An example shows how normalization reduces redundancy in a movie rental database.

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10 views

Normalization

Normalization is a database design technique that structures data to minimize redundancy and dependency. It divides larger tables into smaller tables linked through relationships. The theory was proposed by Edgar Codd and includes normal forms like 1NF, 2NF, 3NF and BCNF to reduce anomalies and improve data integrity. An example shows how normalization reduces redundancy in a movie rental database.

Uploaded by

Lovely Karthik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Normalization?

• Normalization is a database design technique that reduces data redundancy and


eliminates undesirable characteristics like Insertion, Update and Deletion
Anomalies. Normalization rules divides larger tables into smaller tables and links
them using relationships.
• Edgar Frank Codd proposed the theory of normalization of data with the
introduction of the First Normal Form, and he continued to extend theory with
Second and Third Normal Form. Later he joined Raymond F. Boyce to develop
the theory of Boyce-Codd Normal Form.
Database Normal Forms :-
list of Normal Forms : -
• 1NF (First Normal Form)
• 2NF (Second Normal Form)
• 3NF (Third Normal Form)
• BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)
• 4NF (Fourth Normal Form)
• 5NF (Fifth Normal Form)
• 6NF (Sixth Normal Form)
Database Normalization With Example:-
Database Normalization Example can be easily understood with the help of a case study.
Assume, a video library maintains a database of movies rented out. Without any normalization in
database
1NF (First Normal Form)

First normal form enforces these criteria:

• Each table cell should contain a single value or atomic domain.


• Each record needs to be unique.
• Each column should have unique name.
What is a Primary Key?
A primary is a single column value used to identify a database record uniquely.

It has following attributes


• A primary key cannot be NULL
• A primary key value must be unique
• The primary key values should rarely be changed
• The primary key must be given a value when a new record is inserted.
What is Composite Key?
• A composite key is a primary key composed of multiple columns used to identify a
record uniquely
• In our database, we have two people with the same name Robert Phil, but they
live in different places.

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